Brief introduction of Zheng Xie's life 1 Zheng Xie
Zheng Banqiao (1693— 1765) was an official, painter and writer in the Qing dynasty. Name Xie, word Kerou, Han nationality, Xinghua, Jiangsu. He lived in Yangzhou all his life and made a living by selling paintings. One of the eight eccentrics in Yangzhou. His poems, books and paintings are outstanding and unique, and he is known as the "three musts" in the world. He is good at painting orchids, bamboos, stones, pines, chrysanthemums and other plants, among which bamboo painting has been more than 50 years, with the most outstanding achievements. Author of Complete Works of Banqiao. Kangxi scholar, Yongzheng juren, the first year of Qianlong Jinshi. After learning, he worked as an official in Fanxian County, Henan Province and wei county City, Shandong Province. In order to ask the hungry people to be big officials and beg for illness.
introduce
Zheng Xie (xiè), whose real name is Kerou, whose real name is Ang Lee and whose real name is Banqiao, is called Mr Banqiao. Xinghua, Jiangsu
Zheng Banqiao's life can be divided into five stages: "learning to be an official", selling paintings in Yangzhou, "being a scholar for learning", traveling as an official, being an official in Shandong, and selling paintings in Yangzhou. Kangxi was a scholar, Yongzheng was a juren, and the first year of Qianlong was a scholar.
Zheng Banqiao was born in 1693,165438+1October 22nd, and died in1765,65438+1October 22nd, at the age of 73. He should be the top scholar in Kangxi Imperial Examination, a juren in the tenth year of Yongzheng, and a scholar in the second year of Qianlong (1736). Officials in Fanxian County and Weixian County in Shandong Province have a political voice, "Please ask for help for the 20-year-old hungry people, take care of the big officials, and then beg for illness." Before and after he became an official, he lived in Yangzhou and made a living by painting and calligraphy. Poetry, words, good books and good paintings. Poetry despises idioms. He is good at drawing flowers, wood and stones, especially orchids and bamboo. The beauty of orchid leaves is reflected in Jiao Mo's brushwork. The cursive script stands upright and has a long fortune. More but not messy, less but not sparse, it is absolutely beautiful to use. Books are also unique, with mixed official texts and sample books, calling themselves "six and a half books". Sometimes it is done through painting. The brushwork of the seal is simple and ancient. As a free and uninhibited person, he chose the county magistrate by Jinshi, made poetry and wine for daily affairs, and transferred to Wei County. At the age of 20, he pleaded for the people because of hunger, went home after the strike and lived in Yangzhou, which made him famous. Indulge in the mountains and rivers and have a drunken hometown tour with poets and savages. When writing about the thin stone of the jungle and the monk wall in the lounge, the viewer will sigh. He wrote The Complete Works of Banqiao, a calligraphy engraving. The paintings he sold were polished and circulated for a while. As one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou", his poems, books and paintings are praised as "three wonders" and he is good at painting Zhu Lan. Zheng Xie painted bamboo the most in his life, followed by orchids and stones, but he also painted pines and chrysanthemums. He is a representative literati painter in Qing Dynasty, and his masterpiece is Lanzhu Map.
anecdote
Be famous for being "weird"
1. Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics (Jin Nong, Wang, Huang Shen, Shan Li, Zheng Xie, Li, Gao Xiang,)
2. What's strange (strange paintings, strange words, strange temperament, strange behavior)
Banqiao's Strange is quite a bit like a living Buddha, and there are always some sincere, humorous and sour things in it. Whenever he sees corrupt officials and traitors parading in the street, he draws a piece of Meilan bamboo stone and hangs it on the prisoner as a screen to attract the audience and awaken the people.
Have a bad reputation.
He returned to Yangzhou to sell calligraphy and painting, and the value was very different from before. There are many people who ask for it, and his income is also considerable. But he hates those elegant upstarts, just like some fat' salt merchants' in Yangzhou, who pay high prices and ignore them. Write immediately if you are happy, and curse if you are unhappy. His eccentric temper is difficult for ordinary people to understand. Once when painting for a friend, he specially wrote an inscription and made a frank confession:
"Drawing all day, without rest, will call names. I haven't written for three days, and it's also my shame to think of a piece of paper to relieve boredom. If you ask me to draw, if you don't draw, if you don't ask me to draw, it is painting, which is extremely inseparable. I understand the people here, but listen with a smile. "
Personal example
Writing and painting, haggling over the remuneration, is vulgar. However, Banqiao didn't hide anything, and clearly set a ridiculous strange example: six taels for a big scale, four taels for a medium scale, one tael for a book and five dollars for a fan.
"Six two, four two in the middle, one or two couplets for books, and five dollars for fans. Giving gifts and food is better than giving money. Gaigong's place in Shaanxi is not necessarily my brother's place. If you send cash, the center will like taxes, and calligraphy and painting are also good. Since gifts are entangled, credit is particularly afraid of relying on relief. Old and tired, you can't say useless things to a gentleman.
"Draw bamboo and buy more bamboo money. The paper is six feet high and costs three thousand. Renqu talks about the old theory, only when the spring breeze is over. " Obviously it is vulgar, but out of Banqiao, it turns out that its vulgarity is particularly lovely, precisely because of his sincerity.
Haochi dog meat
Dog meat (one black, two yellow, three flowers and four white) is known as "the treasure of the world".
Banqiao decided to embellish it, stipulating that anyone who wants him to paint and write must pay a deposit first, which is quite interesting. At that time, many rich and powerful gentry decorated halls and were often proud of getting Banqiao paintings and calligraphy. However, Banqiao did not crave fame and wealth, and was not afraid of power. He was the last person in his life to paint for those bureaucratic evil gentry, so it was inconvenient to declare in his old man's favor. Once, a group of gentry used tricks and set a trap to get their paintings and calligraphy. They learned that Banqiao loved dog meat, and on the way he and his friends went out to make friends, they borrowed the villagers' hut and cooked a pot of delicious dog meat until Banqiao passed by. The host "smiled and treated each other with dog meat and wine." Banqiao had no doubts, drank heartily, and even praised wine and food. After dinner, the host set out Four Treasures of the Study and asked the adults to leave a couplet as a souvenir. Banqiao deeply felt that he had a delicious meal today, and immediately agreed, got up and wrote, and asked the owner's name to pay the money in return for his kindness. Read this book and enjoy it. Later, at a banquet, he accidentally found his calligraphy and painting hanging there, only to know that he had been cheated, and he regretted it very much and was insatiable.
Zheng Xie's life brief introduction 2 Zheng Xie (1693165438+1October 22nd-1765), whose real name is Kerou, is Banqiao. Officials, scholars and calligraphers in Qing Dynasty. Daduo is from Xinghua, Jiangsu, and Suzhou. Zheng Xie was born in the thirty-second year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1693). Father Li Zheng 'an is a teacher in a county private school, teaching hundreds of students. Zheng Xie studied with his father since childhood. He likes reading history books and poems, learning and remembering all the books he has read. When I was a teenager, I went to school in Maojiawan, Zhou Zhen. Kangxi Xiucai and Yongzheng Renzi Nian (1732) went to Nanjing after having obtained an examination. In the first year of Qianlong, Chen Bing (1736) entered Beijing for the examination of the Ministry of Rites and was admitted as a scholar. After seven years of Qianlong (1742), it was changed to Fan County Order of Shandong Province. In the 11th year of Qianlong (1746), he was transferred to wei county. Zheng Xie is an official and loves the people like a son. When he was appointed as the county magistrate of wei county, it coincided with a famine year. Regardless of others' obstruction, he opened a warehouse to borrow grain and asked the people to write IOUs, saving more than 10 thousand people. It also built large-scale construction, built pools and recruited hungry people to work and eat. That autumn, the harvest was bad. Zheng Xie burned the IOUs of the people; The people of Wei County felt his kindness and built a shrine for him. In Zheng Xie, civil justice has been handled fairly, and there has not been a single unjust case in the past two years. In the 13th year of Qianlong (1748), Qianlong went to Shandong, which was named "A Brief History of Calligraphy and Painting". Zheng Xie carved his own seal: the history of calligraphy and painting in Qianlong East. His works include Banqiao Poetry Banknotes, Banqiao Ci Banknotes, Banqiao Letters, Banqiao Inscriptions, Banqiao Seal Characters and so on.
Calligraphy and painting have made Zheng Qing an official. Later, due to old illness, he was dismissed from office and lived in Yangzhou. He got nothing, only Liao Liao had a few volumes of books, so he made a living by selling paintings. As one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou", his poems, books and paintings are called "Three Wonders" by the world. His poems were written by Tao Yuanming and Lu Fangweng, and he painted bamboo on the east slope of Su Like. Zheng Xie's calligraphy is a combination of running script and cursive script, which is called "six and a half books" and later "Banqiao". Zheng Xie's painting theory of Zheng Banqiao pays attention to the observation of nature and surrounding things and inherits nature; He wrote: "The wind is warm and the day is warm, the frozen flies touch the window paper, and the drums are played in winter and winter. At that time, a bamboo affected chaos, so it was not a natural picture! There is nothing to learn from where I draw bamboo, and there are more middle ears than paper windows and powder walls. Advocate "intention first"; He wrote an inscription on a painting: "The river pavilion is clear in autumn, the bamboos are seen in the morning, and the smoke and light are exposed, all floating among the sparse branches and dense leaves. All I can think about is paintings. In fact, the bamboo in the chest is not the bamboo in the eye. Therefore, grinding ink to spread paper, putting pen to paper is disguised, and the bamboo in the hand is not the bamboo in the chest. In short, it means to write first, and the rules are also; Those who intentionally stay out of the law will become machines. Draw a cloud alone! " Gossip Zheng Banqiao publicly admitted that he was gay in Banqiao's self-report: "I am a lecherous, and I especially like the play of Yu Tao's tongue and pepper wind. Because college students love dog meat, they once hosted a banquet for Zheng's "Dog Meat Banquet" and asked for interesting paintings on behalf of Emperor Qianlong, which were collected in the Forbidden City.