"Feeling things and moving" is not only the origin of art, but also "climbing mountains has feelings". In China's calligraphy art, feeling and understanding things is the psychological source of calligraphy art, which contains the spiritual pursuit of people in China's calligraphy. People should not only express their feelings, but also seek relief. Although life contains endless changes, in a specific time and space, people often exist in a fixed form in reality. Constrained by reality, people finally have to pursue the spiritual world, seek from art and find an "endless" spiritual space. So how can we "swim endlessly"? Let's have a spiritual roaming! That is art, art can show a person's independence more than anything else. China's calligraphy provides such a boundless and vast world. It is not only popular, so popular that everyone can write it, but also profound. It contains profound philosophy and endless changes. Without profound cultivation and skillful skills, it is impossible to explore the deep and the deep. The appearance of calligraphy works is a comprehensive embodiment of the calligrapher's inner world and outer world. This comprehensive performance is characterized by the direct presentation of the mind and the dynamic process of the mind.
(Zhang. Three hundred and sixty-five days of juvenile calligraphy. Liaoning Fine Arts Publishing House, 1999.06. )
Second, the four elements of calligraphy art:
One: use a pen.
There are differences in using a pen, such as center, side, hidden front, outer front, Fang Bi, round pen, light and heavy, and frustration. It is called a stroke in calligraphy and a stroke in painting, with simple strokes and continuous momentum. This "book" is full of a whole life, which shows the feelings of bones, tendons, meat and blood of living beings, and is isomorphic with bones, tendons, meat and blood of natural living beings in an invisible, implicit, potential and abstract way. Inspire the meaning of life in the universe through intuitive images. Great calligraphers use pens, which embodies deep and rich feelings. Happy smiles, sad voices, all kinds of inner feelings and emotions may be expressed through calligraphy. Therefore, "books, heart paintings are also." -"Le Yi, written by Xi, is full of melancholy, while painting praise, written by Xi, pays attention to strangeness ..." Wang Xizhi wrote different calligraphy posts, with different inner feelings, and his pen also showed different breath.
Second: knot.
Calligraphy structure, similar to painting composition, every word, through the artist's management, is a perfect composition, which runs through the principle of "painting an inch of gold" and reaches the purification level of "adding one point is too long and subtracting one point is too short". The "qi" of words constitutes the whole layout. Structure is the basic shelf that determines the style of calligraphy, while characters are composed of stippling, and the blank of stippling is also an integral part, which is usually called "counting white as black" and "virtual and real". Like architecture, it requires a strong sense of spatial distribution. The space of calligraphy art has different manifestations in different calligraphy styles, such as seal script, official script, original script, running script, cursive script, regular script and so on. Different aesthetic sense of space hides the outlook on life and the deepest emotional experience of different nationalities and times. One of the basic laws of structure is "quasi-odd inverse". "Odd" is change, "positive" is unity, and unity is sought in change. Blindly seeking "wonder" leads to the loss of sophistication, while blindly seeking "correctness" leads to the loss of rigidity. Odd and right, opposition and complementarity are important artistic dialectics.
Third: Italy.
It means a flying trend endowed with a connotation by the subjective interest of calligraphers, mainly an emotional movement formed by comparison, rejection, response and glance with characters. Zhong You, a calligrapher, said that "people who flow pods are also beautiful", which is the embodiment of the pods of human mind. Flowing freely, injecting the rhythm of Vientiane, the handwriting is seamless, which conforms to a through line of the universe, thus producing a profound aesthetic feeling. The saying that "Jin people respect rhyme, Tang people respect law, Song people respect meaning, and Ming people respect attitude" does not only refer to the meaning and situation of the pod.
Fourth: Fengshen.
Fengshen is a synthesis of the spirit, verve, personality style and mental state of calligraphy. The "Shang Yun" style of Jin people is elegant and natural, but its personality is unnatural. The wind of "respecting the law" in the Tang Dynasty is more rigorous and calm, and the personality is salty than the law. In the later calligraphy art, there were also two similar but generally different tendencies. The highest realm of calligraphy and its charm are "nature". The meaning of "nature" is multi-layered, and "nature" requires the subject's personality to conform to nature, just as the spirit of the universe is open-minded and frank. "Nature" requires calligraphy to be the same as nature, if a word is as valuable as mountains, rivers, oceans and stars. "Nature" also requires the creator to have a high degree of freedom in the mental state when writing, and requires the unity of inevitability and contingency after the completion of the work, just like nature, which has no beginning or end, no traces of carving, and achieves a natural state. Fengshen is the perfect realization of the subject's personality, mind, tolerance and literary talent in calligraphy.
The composition of these four elements makes calligraphy art one of the ideal art forms in which the inner world and the outer world are integrated.
(Baohua Li, He Fengnian, edited by Yue Xiaozhan. Aesthetic education popularization course. University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Press, August 2006. )