This is the first thing to do in writing a composition. Otherwise, it will directly lead to "irrelevant" and "a thousand words in writing, digressing Wan Li". How can I do well in the exam? According to the usual forms of composition topics, they can generally be divided into two categories: propositional composition and material composition. The examination of proposition composition is to examine the specific requirements of a given article to determine the topic, the intention of the topic, the requirements beyond the topic, and the "eye of the topic". Through the examination of the questions, the content range, time range, quantity range, character range and place range of the composition are defined. Can't exceed the given range. The examination of material composition should be grasped from two aspects: one is inseparable from the ideological content of materials, and the other is closely related to the requirements of composition form.
1. Proposition composition
Let's focus on the examination of propositional composition and the places that need attention.
Determine the content scope
Some topics define the content of writing. Therefore, when reviewing the topic, we should determine the content scope of the topic: remember who people should remember; Narration, what to say; What scenery people should write about; Things, things to like, and so on.
Second, the idea
Intention is to determine the theme of the article and clarify the central idea to be embodied in the article. The idea of the article is to have a foundation for refining life and try to reflect some fundamental things in life. In order to achieve this goal, we must strive to be correct, centralized, novel and profound.
1. Correct
Correct conception is the basic requirement of composition. We often hear that so-and-so articles are thoughtful, which mainly depends on the depth of the author's creative thinking. Generally speaking, the intention of our composition should be positive and healthy, strive to reflect the essential content of life, and have certain social universality. In other words, the theme of the article should be recognized or actively advocated by everyone.
Third, the proposed topic
Drafting the title of an article is the first thing to be determined before writing a composition, just as we have to "make up our minds" before starting to do something. The title of the article can reflect the starting point and motivation of writing. Through the title of the article, readers can basically understand the theme and main content of the article. The proposed topic of the article should be highly concise, accurate and vivid, so as to attract people's attention and interest.
According to the needs of expressing content, the topics to be selected in the article can be roughly divided into the following categories. When writing, everyone can use it flexibly according to the actual situation.
Fourth, material selection
Material selection is material selection. No matter what article you write, it is very necessary to choose the materials you need. Just like building a house, we should fully consider what wood, stone, cement, brick and so on to use in advance. At the same time, we should carefully calculate the amount of various materials, without which we can't build a house; It's no use wasting too much. In addition, the selected materials should be appropriate, which is helpful to show the structural function and image effect of the house.
If you use materials at will, you will eventually build a black house like a train skin. Although strong, no one will like it. In the same way, the purpose of carefully selecting materials before writing is to explain the problem and make it vivid and attractive.
Therefore, before writing, in the face of many available materials, we should make appropriate choices, leave vivid and representative ones, and get rid of general ones; Through the effective combination of important and vivid materials, the purpose of the composition is realized, that is, the theme is deeply expressed by "economic" means.
Composition selection should pay attention to the following five aspects:
Choose familiar materials.
Familiar material is the material that the author knows clearly and feels deeply.
Only when the materials are familiar can you make full use of them, be familiar with them and make you handy. If the situation is unfamiliar and the substance is unclear, how can I tell others? This kind of material, even if used stiffly in your article, will not receive good results, and it will appear mechanical and incoherent later. This problem is easy to understand, and of course everyone doesn't want to do that.
2. Writing is mainly divided into several steps. Writing materials should be "three cleanups" and "three buckles"
In recent two years, people have paid more and more attention to the form of composition of college entrance examination materials. Because of its diverse forms and rich test sites, it can arouse candidates' desire to write, and it is favored by the senior high school entrance examination, which is likely to replace the "topic" composition.
Generally speaking, the content of material composition is divided into two categories, one is "topic-based" material. To express a relatively centralized center or a relatively clear semantic direction in a given paragraph of text, after we sum up this center, we will conceive and write according to the "center", which is completely around the "material". We regard this material composition as a "topic" composition, but we have more links to refine the center. The other is a "selective" material. Show several aspects of a given topic in a given text. Candidates only need to choose one aspect to write. This form is more common in "proverbs" and "words of philosophers".
Faced with flexible forms of expression and colorful text content, candidates often fail to grasp the fundamentals of the materials, leading to off-topic and off-topic composition, which has become a difficult point for candidates. In fact, it is not difficult to write a good material composition. In the face of materials, candidates should be "calm", abandon all impetuous emotions and adjust their writing state-this is the premise of writing a good composition.
The examination of questions should be "three clear"
1. Read the material clearly and understand the content. When reading materials, we should pay attention to judge what kind of materials this material belongs to, specifically understand the content of the whole material, and really understand the material. This link focuses on grasping the materials as a whole.
2. Clear up the content and refine the center. This link is the key to decide whether to digress, so we must take it seriously. On the basis of understanding the content of the article as a whole, if it is "topic-based" content, it is necessary to summarize its center and clarify the main idea of the material, which is the theme to be determined in writing; If it is "selective" content, you need to choose a point to determine the main direction of this point, so as to determine the writing theme of the composition.
3. See clearly the requirements and standardize the writing. After reading the materials, you must not ignore the "writing requirements". The requirements after material description need to be read carefully. If there are words such as "based on materials" and "combined materials", it is best to reflect the content or shadow of the materials skillfully in the composition, which is what we usually call "quoting materials", but when quoting materials, it is forbidden to copy them mechanically; If there is no such requirement, it can be quoted or not. Then look at the specific writing requirements, and make clear the limitations of the composition in terms of the proposed topic, style, writing method and number of words. And then write in a standardized way, and never "cross the line".
The idea should be "three buckles"
1. Deduct the materials to clarify the theme of the article. Theme is the soul of the article and the main link to the materials, so the theme in the composition must be distinct and prominent, which is a necessary condition for writing an excellent composition. Whether narrative or argumentative, the theme should be directly related to the given material and reflected in all parts of the composition (beginning, middle and end), so it is particularly important to design the "topic" when conceiving.
2. Deduct the theme and clarify the key points of the article. If you want to write an argumentative essay, the argument of the central argument is undoubtedly the focus of the full text; If you want to write a narrative, the key part is the part that embodies the theme of the article most intensively. This part of the description should be as rich and vivid as possible to clarify its position in the article and further highlight the theme of the article.
3. Buckle the center of gravity and clarify the highlights of the article. The highlight of the article is the most attractive place, which can be the selection of materials, plot conception, language expression, rhetoric application and so on. No matter what, in short, candidates need to make clear the highlights of the article while effectively highlighting the theme, so that the composition will add a lot of color.
3. The six steps of composition design template writing can be roughly divided into the following six steps:
1. Analyze the theme of the composition. Examine the given composition proposition or topic carefully. There are usually one or more core words in a topic. This is the title. This step is very important. Understand the meaning of the topic so as not to digress.
2. Determine the central idea of the article. Look at a given topic or proposition. Be sure to determine what the theme is. Besides, your point of view should not be ambiguous. Otherwise, this article will be off topic or in a mess.
3. Determine the style, on the one hand, combining the given theme, on the other hand, combining personal expertise. For example, I am good at argumentative writing. It's easy for me to write a narrative and a running account. So before writing, you must see clearly what style this article is suitable for, and you must see clearly your own characteristics.
4. Organize the material of the article, whether it is the composition in the examination room or the usual composition practice. When writing, you can't write a good composition without ink At this point, on the one hand, you need to read widely and accumulate knowledge and materials in peacetime in order to get inspiration in the exam. On the other hand, before writing a composition, it is best to sort out the possible materials and sort out the effective materials;
Before drafting the outline, the teacher will ask us to write the outline at the front of the article, and connect the order of the paragraphs with the content to be written before writing. So as not to be incoherent.
6. After you have prepared the above steps, please start writing quickly!
Finally, check the polished text to avoid low-level mistakes in typos; Similarly, we should also consider whether there is a more beautiful or appropriate expression. We should carefully consider which of these two synonyms is more suitable for choosing words and making sentences. It also depends on whether the text is enough, whether the full text is fluent and whether the logic is natural.
Composition (position) is a narrative method that expresses a theme through words after people's ideological consideration and language organization. Composition is divided into primary school composition, middle school composition and college composition (thesis). Composition genres include: narrative, expository, practical and argumentative.
Refer to Baidu Encyclopedia _ Composition
4. How can I learn my composition well?
Steps/methods
Let's start with an eye-catching topic. I think everyone has seen Conan. The title is like a suspense film, which makes people curious about this topic.
1. The beginning should be as small and exquisite as the phoenix head. If you have writing skills, you can extract a paragraph. Because writing skills are generally exquisite and meaningful. It can be written as a small parallelism sentence. If you want to write in the past, it is suggested to add something like "memory has fallen into, just visit again".
2. The middle should be as full as pork belly. Describe it in detail. There are four ways to write: appearance, movement, language and psychology. Generally, you use more language and psychology, so you can describe things in detail. When writing a composition, concrete examples can best reflect the quality of the characters. Specific cases are also called "typical cases". When writing a scene, describe it in order. It is not necessary to describe every scene in great detail, but there are details. The scenery can be vividly written by metaphor and personification. It is good to write imaginary compositions. If you fantasize about the future, write some imaginary advanced instruments into your composition.
The end of the article should be as short and powerful as a leopard's tail. Expand your thinking according to the result of the matter. Never put inappropriate labels, otherwise, no matter how well you write at the beginning, the grade of your composition will be dragged down by the end of the article.
Matters needing attention
? Don't write wrong words.
? Don't digress.
5. How to write a good composition for college entrance examination should not only be true, but also learn to accumulate Du Fu's poems, such as "Reading thousands of books, writing like a god" and "A clever woman can't cook without rice", which illustrates the importance of "accumulation" in writing from both positive and negative aspects.
"Usually rely on accumulation, the examination room depends on play", which is the same experience of the students in the examination room. Here are some tips for writing a composition 10: (1) Establish a "vocabulary" in the language.
Vocabulary is the cell of an article. Vocabulary in a broad sense refers not only to the collection of words and phrases, but also to sentences and sentence groups.
There are two ways to establish "vocabulary": the first is reading. Usually, you should read books, newspapers and periodicals extensively, take reading notes, extract some beautiful words, sentences and paragraphs from a specific notebook, or make reading cards.
The second is life. At ordinary times, we should capture the fresh language in the popular spoken language and write it down in a small notebook or card that we carry with us. Over time, we can say it chapter by chapter and write it beautifully.
(2) Strengthen the accumulation of materials. Materials are the flesh and blood of the article.
Because many students usually don't pay attention to accumulating materials, they are worried every time they write a composition, or edit or copy it. The solution to this problem is to accumulate materials.
Usually, you can take a video camera and tape recorder with you, observe life deeply, actively participate in life, and record your experiences in family life, campus life and social life in time in the form of sketching, keeping a diary and writing observation notes. When recording, we should grasp the details and the characteristics of people, things, things and scenery.
The article written in this way is flesh and blood. (3) We should strengthen ideological accumulation.
Opinion is the soul of an article. The center of the article is not clear, or the thought is not profound, which often shows that the author's thought is superficial.
Therefore, it is necessary to establish a "think tank". There are two ways: first, be thoughtful.
"One more miss, one more gain." Think deeply at ordinary times and ask "why", "what" and "how" when something happens.
So you can see the essence through the phenomenon. It is also necessary to record the "sparks" of thinking and the conclusions of thinking at any time.
The second is compilation, that is, extracting famous sayings and aphorisms. In short, the composition should be accumulated, and the three writing warehouses of vocabulary, material and thought should be regularly counted, sorted and classified to continuously enrich and expand.
Second, to write a good composition, first learn to observe that Mr. Lu Xun emphasized two points when answering the question of "how to write a good article" for literary youth: one is to read more books, and the other is to practice more. Here, "seeing more" means observing more.
This shows that in order to write a good article and master skillful writing skills, it is necessary to observe more and learn to observe, and observation is the necessary premise and foundation of writing. Russian novelist Chekhov earnestly warned beginners: "A writer must train himself to be a keen observer and never give up! -It is a habit to exercise your own observation, as if it were second nature. "
It takes time to hone observation into habit and second nature, which is very useful and remarkable. Pay attention to the people, events, sights and things around you, and hunt for the materials needed in the composition: be interested in some seemingly insignificant but meaningful things, and pay attention to the cause, process and result of things; You should pay attention to how the plants in the campus flower beds change their colors all year round, and learn to get to the bottom of it and find out the ins and outs of these changes; You should go out, enter the society, meet more people, observe their words and deeds, think about some things, and integrate into your own thoughts at any time.
This is the process of observation. In the process of observation, we should pay attention to the following points: (1) Observation should never be limited to "seeing with eyes". Broadly speaking, more practical observation refers to mobilizing all the five senses of people: listening with ears, feeling with the body and, more importantly, thinking with the mind, so that the observation will be more delicate and profound.
(2) Pay attention to the use of "bad writing" in the observation process. As the saying goes, a good memory is better than bad writing.
Many students see a lot and think a lot every day, but they are not good at writing it down at any time, which will waste the observed materials and a lot of valuable things. (3) Pay special attention to perseverance in observation.
Don't make "brain fever". Three minutes of heat is not conducive to writing a good composition. You should observe life and think about every day in your life, so that you can write wonderful articles. Learning to observe plays a great role in laying the foundation and promoting a good composition. Without observation, you often find it difficult to write.
May you learn to observe, constantly cultivate and improve your ability to observe, and make great progress in your writing practice. Third, if the meaning is high, the meaning will be better, that is, to establish the center and intention of the article.
So what problems should the article pay attention to when expounding ideas? (1) Correct conception is the first meaning of the article. The so-called correctness is to ensure that the feelings and thoughts of the article are correct, in line with the nature and laws of objective things, in line with China's basic political principles, in line with people's basic moral requirements, and can give people positive inspiration. (2) Intentional singleness "The thing of composition is singleness, specialization is success, and dispersion is stupidity."
No matter how complicated things are, the main idea cannot be dispersed. An article should explain both this problem and that point of view, and it is ambiguous to ramble.
In fact, if you want to cover everything, it is definitely not in place. Moreover, an article can only have one center. Instead of "biting off more than one can chew", it is better to concentrate on expressing a center with pen and ink. Even if we express the center through several things, we should stick to the center, keep the same goal, pay attention to the combination of materials and centers, and let all the forces contained in materials point to the center. (3) The idea should be novel. Don't follow the crowd, the novel angle is the core of composition innovation.
The novelty of the idea requires jumping out of the old box and not following the advanced thinking, habitual thinking or the original psychological formula, but examining the alternative content contained in the topic from a unique perspective to avoid what others often write and what others have not written. Even the same writing object can always be cut from multiple angles, as long as we break the mindset, stand at the height of the times, avoid "vulgarity" and seek "difference", and think from multiple angles and sides.
6. How to get high marks in the exam composition? Six points in high-scoring composition 1, an attractive start.
As the saying goes, a good beginning is half the battle. Everyone must have had this experience: a topic is always difficult to write, but once you start, especially after a good start, it is easy to write an article. The beginning of the article is the facade of the whole article. A good beginning will attract the attention of the marking teacher. This is the first step to a successful composition. Therefore, the beginning of charm is a problem that candidates must pay attention to.
2. Curly face is the face of the work.
From the comments of marking teachers and experts, it can be concluded that the beauty of paper is very important, and the charm of neat handwriting, beautiful handwriting, standardized font and clean handwriting can arouse the pleasure of marking people. On the contrary, when the papers are messy, the examiner will immediately question: Will people with problematic inscriptions write good articles? Even if the content of the article is substantial, the marking teacher will judge the composition as five types of articles because of scrawled handwriting, many typos and unclean paper. The composition in the examination room should not be altered, especially those details that do not hinder the overall situation, and should not be altered at will. It's like someone has a small pimple on his face, and others will ignore it, but he insists on sticking a plaster, but he has a tattooed face. It's disgusting. Therefore, candidates must not lose big because of small things in writing.
3. Title, beginning and end are three key points.
The title, beginning and end of the composition are the important positions for the marking teacher to mark the paper, which is the first impression, so it is very important. Writing the title, beginning and end of a composition is especially important for getting a high score. The title of the article is like the eyes of a dragon. Dragon's eyes can fly, and the titles are colorful. A good start is like a phoenix head. The crested phoenix is beautiful and charming, and its handwriting is bright and attractive. The beginning of the article should be concise, get into the theme quickly, and the language should be rich and colorful, which can make people want to read it from the beginning. The end of the article should be as powerful as a tiger's tail.
4. Structure is explicit thinking.
In the usual composition training, students often focus on the training of examining questions and conceiving, focusing on the training of using language, and paying less attention to the structural requirements of the article. So when writing, the article can't express itself well at will. Structure is the combined structure of article content and article thought expression. The content of the article can only be expressed through organizational arrangement, and the theme of the article should also be highlighted through structure. The composition of college entrance examination is a dance in a chain, and the free creation of candidates is limited in a certain chain. The structure of the article also has corresponding constraints. In order for reviewers to quickly grasp the main idea of the article, the structure must be complete, clear and rigorous.
5. Language is associated with emotional thinking.
The Writing Grading Standard lists "true feelings" as the first in the content level. It can be seen that the expression of composition can reach the degree of "sincerity", which is the magic weapon to win high marks in composition. Sincere emotion is based on "truth" and develops into "goodness" and "beauty" That is, from the heart, true and sincere, not artificial, not hypocritical; Play a certain enlightening role for yourself and others; It edifies people's minds and gives them a feeling of beauty.
6, the material selection should have the flavor of the times and self.
Composition conception includes conception, material selection, central idea and other elements. The relationship between the three is inseparable. Intention is the soul of the article, which determines the selection of materials, and the selection of materials should obey the needs of the central idea. The conception needs to be supported by materials, and the central idea needs to be highlighted by materials. Without the choice of materials, ideas and central ideas are empty. The selection of materials is novel and profound, and it pays attention to the freshness of materials, which has obvious effect on deepening the central idea. If the materials are chosen well, the composition will be half successful. The "good choice" here, in addition to meaning, largely refers to novelty, flavor of the times, self-flavor and uniqueness.
7. How to write a good composition skill for the college entrance examination 1: The composition score depends on the handwriting, and the scoring factor is the first composition test in any form. When the marking teacher marks, it is handwriting at first glance.
Therefore, writing a composition must be done well. Remember, the composition is about content, not calligraphy. Don't scribble.
Tip 2: The test composition is five or six paragraphs, which looks clean and tidy. In the examination composition, we should pay attention to timely segmentation. Three or four paragraphs are few, and eight or nine paragraphs are trivial. Unless there are special circumstances, five or six paragraphs are better.
In addition, the roll surface must be neat and tidy, and don't arbitrarily alter it. In my opinion, it is best not to exceed five lines in each paragraph of the exam composition, and at most five and a half lines.
Don't write a "pregnant composition" in one paragraph. Once the visual fatigue of the marking teacher affects his psychology, his score will be affected.
Pay attention to segmentation if necessary. Tip 3: the comparison of test papers is also very important. Note that the test papers are not filled in the squares, and they are all printed in black.
If you use a very thick and black pen to answer questions, the ink will easily "spill everywhere", which will affect the cleanliness of the test paper. Students are advised to write their compositions with neutral pens that are neither shallow nor deep, and the strokes are neither thick nor thin.
Such a composition is written, which forms a certain visual contrast with the black square. When the marking teacher's eyes are bright, it may take advantage of the score. When writing a composition with a gel pen, be careful not to fill the box with words. It is recommended to occupy three-quarters of the bottom or left side of the box, so that each line of the composition has a strong sense of hierarchy.
The roller surface is also beautiful. Tip 4: The beginning and the end should be concise, and it is best to start with two and a half lines. In addition to writing with a big belly, "big head composition" is also not allowed.
Candidates are advised to write a composition with two and a half lines at the beginning and the end. No more than three and a half lines at most.
Think about it, a beginning takes up too much space, and the marking teacher's vision will be instantly tired, which will also affect the marking teacher's mood. Tip 5: Write a topic before you start writing. Beautiful topics, such as beauty exam composition, are generally drawn up by candidates themselves, and the topics cannot be too long or too short.
How to draw up a title? Special measures should be taken for candidates with average grades. There are two ways to raise a topic. First of all, you can go to Baidu to search for a composition topic, and you can find similar skills that the composition teacher said.
Second, parents or candidates should turn over the bound volumes of Reader and Youth Digest in the last year, select dozens of wonderful topics according to the subject matter, and memorize them, which may be more useful in the exam. The bound volumes can be bought at the bookstall in the east alley of Ocean Department Store.
Tip 6: make a hole at the beginning and end of the composition, which is colorful and beautiful. There are many ways to start an exam composition: six elements, inscription, suspense, quotation, parallelism, personification, questioning, antithesis, metaphor antithesis, combined rhetoric, clever use of allusions, problem solving, celebrity question and answer, and poetry quotation.
I hope candidates can prepare some allusions and famous sayings about morality, study, etiquette, patriotism and virtue, which will come in handy then. At least, when you see the composition, the first seven or eight methods mentioned above will flash in your mind.
Tip 6: It is important to ask questions at the end, and it is also important to remember the ending from beginning to end. Generally speaking, the conclusion is a summary of the full text.
If it is a narrative, pay attention to lyricism. If it is argumentative, we should pay attention to induction.
In any case, it's best to get the topic right. How to deduct? If you are really not sure, tell the title of the first sentence of the last paragraph and then summarize the full text.
Tip 7: Don't panic before you start writing. Think about the topic and outline it. There are several techniques mentioned above. In fact, sketching is very important in specific operations. For example, when writing a narrative, you should design the beginning and the end, and divide your narrative into several levels. A level is a paragraph, and it would be better if a transitional sentence or paragraph could be set in the middle.
When you make an outline, you must write the beginning and end in detail, and what wonderful words or famous sayings, poems and allusions are interspersed in the middle paragraph, you must write accurately. A qualified student, make an outline, about 5 to 8 minutes.
Grasp the time. If time is tight, the outline should be concise. Tip 8: Think about the theme and style. Unless you are a donkey or a horse, you can't write a composition, either narrative or argumentative.
Generally speaking, it is mostly a "total-sub-total" structure. At the end of the narrative, we should pay attention to lyricism and summing up philosophy. Argumentative papers should be "1-3- 1" or "1-4- 1" with 3 or 4 in the middle, which is a hierarchical problem solving.
Of course, you can also use narrative and discussion methods flexibly. However, it should be noted that argumentative essays should not say so many examples without summarizing the theme, and narrative essays should not forget to say things but say too much.
Therefore, when writing an exam composition, you must think well in advance, and what style to write should be written according to the corresponding style. Tip 9: clone and "plagiarize" appropriately, and prepare materials before the exam. Before the exam, candidates are advised to read a lot of model essays and accumulate some structure of the exam composition.
If you write a narrative, you'd better read Reader and Youth Digest. Some compositions are well structured, so you can summarize the outline and routine of writing. When it comes to the exam, you can use someone else's "basket" and put your own things in it.
About feelings, patriotism, life and other beautiful languages, you can recite three or five sentences respectively, and then copy them directly. This is not plagiarism. We should also pay attention to collecting information on state affairs, current affairs, politics and important news.
For example, last year's Olympic Games, this year's 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and the touching story of the Wenchuan earthquake can all be used as the subjects of the examination composition. In addition, there are some nonstandard methods, such as touching stories of other families, which can be moved to their own homes.
This should be used flexibly and cautiously in the exam. Tip 10: Write as many spaces as possible. Generally speaking, the composition requirements for senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination are not less than 600-800 words.
If the requirement is about 600 words, then write 700 words at most. If there are not less than a few words, it is recommended that candidates arrange the papers as reasonably as possible and write them to about 95%.
For example, the composition of the senior high school entrance examination is not less than 600 words, so most of the papers are about 800 words. Then, you should try to write 780 words and keep it up.
8. How to write a good composition routine for the college entrance examination How to write a good composition routine for the college entrance examination
Tip 1: The writing score depends on the handwriting, and the scoring factor comes first.
In any form of composition examination, when the marking teacher marks the paper, at first glance, it is handwriting. Therefore, writing a composition must be done well. Remember, the composition is about content, not calligraphy. Don't scribble.
Tip 2: Write five or six paragraphs in the exam composition, and mark the papers neatly.
Pay attention to timely segmentation in exam composition, with three or four paragraphs appearing less and eight or nine paragraphs appearing trivial. Unless there are special circumstances, five or six paragraphs are better. In addition, the roll surface must be neat and tidy, and don't arbitrarily alter it. In my opinion, it is best not to exceed five lines in each paragraph of the exam composition, and at most five and a half lines. Do nothing. Once the visual fatigue of the marking teacher affects his psychology, his score will be affected.