Reading of Fengnan Yu Biography in Classical Chinese

1. Translation of Fengnan Yu’s Biography in Classical Chinese

Fengfang, also known as Renshu, also known as Cunli, later changed his name to Fengdaosheng, also known as Renweng, also known as Nanyu Waishi. After passing the official position, he returned home, indulged in reading and writing, and knew everything. Therefore, he became arrogant, cynical and bohemian. There was a man named Fang Shi who learned to write from Fengfang, but later he often took his name. Fengfang was so angry that he said he would gouge out his eyes. He can't pretend to be me. The servant obeyed and left. He took a pair of animal eyes to deceive Fengfang, saying they belonged to Fang Shi, but Fengfang actually believed him and rewarded him greatly. The next day Fang Shi came to see Fengfang, but the servants didn't want to ask him in because they were afraid that the deception of Fengfang would be exposed. Finally, when Fengfang saw Fang Shi with his eyes intact, he was startled and said, "I heard that you were sleeping at night." I encountered a thief and my eyes were gouged out, but now they are intact. What happened?" Fang Shi said, "My eyes were cut off by a thief at night. A ghost took pity on me and put the dead man's eyes in his eyes. It's no different, but the pain was still vivid in my mind at that time." Fengfang also believed it and bought wine to celebrate for him.

Fengfang is superstitious. He must summon Taoist priests to set up an altar to offer sacrifices to drive away fleas and lice every year. When guests come to visit him, he will ask: "Since setting up an altar to offer sacrifices to drive away fleas and lice, do you think the number of fleas and lice is worse than before?" "Reduced?" The guest replied: "Yes, it has indeed reduced a lot. I was surprised when I came in, but now I know that all the fleas and ticks in your house have come to my house." Fengfang was pedantic. One time, his uncle Jiang asked him to write an epitaph. He wrote an article and did calligraphy. However, when he was eating the rice soup sent by Jiang, his throat suddenly became blocked and he shouted that Jiang wanted to poison him. His disciple, Seng De, took other pieces of paper and burned them without telling him, and stole the money he gave him. Fengfang is a person who talks freely. I was chatting with someone and mentioned that I saw a phoenix on the Zhengyang Gate decades ago. Others didn't believe it, so Fengfang pointed at the 13- or 4-year-old book boy and said, "He saw it too."

Fengfang is a weirdo. There are many stories floating around, and this is just a few of them. What left him with a "notorious reputation" in the history of book collection was that he forged many "ancient books". What's even more outrageous is that Fengfang insulted the previous Confucians and said that Zhu Xi wanted to sell books to make a living, so he used new explanations to raise the price, saying that Confucius met Nanzi (the stepmother of Wei Linggong), thus proving that Confucius was not upright. 2. Original text and translation of Wu Shunke's Biography of the Six Wonders

Original text of the work: Haining Xiaolian Cha Yihuang succeeded him, and he was also a famous scholar in Chongzhen.

When I tasted the winter snow, I happened to step outside my door and saw a beggar hiding under the veranda. He had a strange appearance. He called out and asked, "I heard that there is an iron beggar in the market. Are you aware of it?" He said, "Yes." He said, "Can you drink it?" He said, "Yes."

Introduce the fermented grains and sit down to drink. He was already drunk, but the beggar showed no signs of drinking.

Wear clothes with cotton wool, don’t thank him, just go away. Next year, when I meet the West Lake again, I will walk under the Crane Pavilion with my elbows exposed.

Asking about his clothes, he said: "I don't need this in the summer. I am already thinking about being a restaurant." He said: "Have you ever read and read?" He said: "If you don't read and know how to write, how can you be a beggar?" Check it out! Strangely, he said that he was wearing clothes and shoes for bathing in water.

Asking his family name, he said: "Wu's surname is Wu, Liu Qi's name, from Eastern Guangdong." He asked, "Why beggar?" He said, "A young man who was fond of gambling ruined all his wealth, so he wandered around the world.

I have always thought of knocking on doors to beg for food, and I can't help it. Who is my servant? I dare to think that I am dirty! That's it! "I'll keep him and drink hard for a month, and I'll send him away with a lot of money." The Liuqi people were born in Chaoyang, and their ancestors were observers, so they became a Ciao people.

After returning to Guangdong, he sent food as a postman. Nian knew the situation in Guanhe and Esai, and met the king's troops to enter Guangdong. The logicians were in charge of Liuqi, and Liuqi asked to see the commander to talk about things.

After seeing this, I have prepared a report on the situation in various counties, so I would like to give you dozens of letters to disperse the local tyrants. Everywhere in the counties and counties, the barriers were lowered, and the commanders performed their duties.

In ten years, he became the admiral of the Guangdong Marine and Land Division. Xiaolian lives at home, and has not remembered the past for a long time. If a general from Guangdong comes to knock on the door and ask, he will send Wu Shuwen to invite him to Guangdong with three thousand gold for his life.

The water travels three thousand miles, and the tents are extremely prosperous. When he arrived at Meiling, he sent his son to meet Daozuo.

The subordinates and generals who passed by were all carrying crossbows and arrows as the vanguard. When they arrived in Huizhou, Wu Gong went out to greet him, and he led others to prepare for the prince.

When you arrive at the Jimen Gate, you will lay down on your mud head, go up to the hall, kneel to the north [34], and recount the past events without any taboos. At night, have a high gathering with wine and practice wine-burning.

The songs and dances are wonderful, the silk and bamboo are stacked one after another, and the generals are handing them over to pray for longevity. Since he stayed for a year, he would have to bear the burden of tens of thousands of people.

Three thousand gold is given as longevity, and the attributes of brocade, pearls, corals, and rhinoceros cannot be calculated. A few years after Zha returned home, he was imprisoned for Wuxing's private history and was implicated.

Wu Kangshu defended the case and was spared. At the beginning, I checked in the Huizhou shogunate and visited Houyuan for one day.

There is a peak of Yingshi in the garden, which is about two feet high. I admire it deeply. If we go further, we have lost this stone.

When asked, it was carried to Wuzhong on a huge ship. Today the stone still exists in the Cha family.

Translation Xiaolian Zha Jizuo of Haining County, named Yihuang, was a famous person in the Chongzhen period. Once when it was snowing in winter, he accidentally walked out of the door and saw a beggar taking shelter from the wind and snow under the porch. He had a very strange appearance. Zha Jizuo asked loudly: "I heard that there was a man named Iron Beggar in the market. "Is it you?" The beggar replied, "It's me."

He then asked, "Can you drink?" Tian replied, "Yes." Zha Jizuo brought the iron beggar into the house, took out the wine, and sat down to drink.

Zha Jizuo was already very drunk, but the iron beggar didn't show any signs of drunkenness. Zha Jizuo gave him a cotton coat to put on, but he didn't say thank you and just left.

The next year, Zha Jizuo met him again under the Crane Fang Pavilion in West Lake. His clothes were in tatters, his elbows were exposed, and he was walking barefoot. Zha Jizuo asked him where his cotton-padded coat had gone. He said, "We don't need it in the summer. We have already given it to the hotel as wine money." Can you read?" The iron beggar said, "How can you end up being a beggar if you haven't read a book and can't read?" Zha Jizuo thought his words were surprising and gave him hot water to take a bath and clothes and shoes. When asked about Tie Beggar's surname and place of origin, he said that his surname was Wu and his given name was Liuqi, and he was from Cantonese.

Zha Jizuo asked: "Why did you become a beggar?" The iron beggar said: "When I was young, I was keen on gambling and lost all my family property, so I wandered around the world. I thought: knock on doors to beg for food. , all the wise men in the past were inevitable. Who am I, how dare I think that begging is a defilement of myself!" Zha Jizuo stood up in a hurry, held his arm and said, "Wu Jun is a genius in the world, but I treat you as a drunkard. , I really wronged Mr. Wu!" Zha Jizuo kept Wu Liuqi at home and drank happily for a month, gave him a lot of money, and asked him to go back to his hometown.

Liuqi’s ancestral home is in Chaoyang, and his grandfather was a Taoist priest. Liuqi became a poor man because of gambling. After he returned to Guangdong, he worked as a soldier at a post station to make ends meet.

He was very familiar with the geographical situation of the steep mountains and rivers. When Wang's division marched into Guangdong, the patrolling soldiers captured Liu Qi, who requested to meet with the top general to discuss matters. After meeting with the Marshal, he stated the situation in each county in detail, and asked the Marshal to give him dozens of blank documents to distribute to the powerful gentry in each county.

All the fortresses in the counties and counties where the Qing army went were captured, and the commander-in-chief reported the achievements of Liuqi to his superiors. In the past ten years, Liu Qi was promoted continuously until he became the admiral of the Guangdong Marine and Land Division.

Zha Jizuo lives in his hometown and no longer remembers his previous interactions with Liuqi. One day, a tooth general from Guangdong inquired about his home and asked to visit him. He brought Wu Liuqi's letter and greetings, paid three thousand taels of silver as an entrance gift, and invited Zha Jizuo to Guangdong.

From Haining to Guangdong, it is a journey of three thousand miles, and the reception and farewell banquets along the way are extremely grand and lively. When they passed Dayuling, Wu Liuqi had sent his son to meet and wait on the left side of the road.

When he arrived at the door of his house, Wu Liuqi crawled on the ground and kowtowed. When he entered the main hall, he faced north and straightened up, kneeling down, recounting the past events one by one without any taboos. In the evening, Liuqi held a sumptuous banquet and personally toasted and served Zha Jizuo.

There was beautiful singing and dancing at the banquet, and various musical instruments played together. The generals stood up one after another to toast Zha Jizuo, and the banquet did not leave until dawn. From then on, Zha Jizuo lived in Liuqi's house for a year and accumulated a huge amount of luggage.

Liu Qi spent another three thousand taels of silver as a birthday gift for Zha Jizuo, and gave him brocades, jewelry, corals, rhinoceros horns, ivory and other treasures that were too numerous to count. When Zha Jizuo was in the Wu Liuqi shogunate in Huizhou, he visited the back garden one day. There was a stone as beautiful as jade in the garden. Zha Jizuo admired it deeply and thought this stone was very strange.

When I went to the back garden again, the stone was missing. Zha Jizuo inquired about its whereabouts and found out that Wu Liuqi had transported the stone to Haining, Zhejiang Province on a large ship.

Today the stone is still preserved in the Cha family. 3. Miscellaneous poem Mingfengfang translated into modern Chinese

Miscellaneous poem Mingfengfang The solitary pine stands tall on the dome wall, with thousands of miles of waves below.

The turbulence bites its roots, and the shock shakes its roots. Red ants are burrowing one after another, and they are curling around green radish.

The group attack is not over yet, how will the business be? The severe frost falls overnight, and the high standard becomes craggy again.

When a gentleman is stuck in poverty, his emotions turn into sad songs. Explanation of "Miscellaneous Poems", five characters in ancient style, rhymed with songs.

The title of the poem is "Li Shi". The author, Fengfang (1492-1563), had the courtesy name Renshu and one character for Cunli. Later, he changed his name to Daosheng and Renweng, and his name was Nanyu Waishi.

A calligrapher, seal engraver, and bibliophile of the Ming Dynasty, a native of Yin County (now Ningbo, Zhejiang). Fengfang is cynical, informal, and withdrawn.

In the second year of Jiajing (1523), he passed the Jinshi examination and was appointed as the chief officer of the Nanjing Civil Service Examination. He served as the head of the Ministry of Etiquette.

"The director of the Southern Examination was changed, and he was dismissed due to the discussion of officials." Fengfang fell into poverty in his later years and lived in a temple. He died of illness in a monk's residence.

He is outside the law and discipline, but he is extremely knowledgeable in calligraphy and is capable of all five physical skills. Since the Wei, Jin and Ming dynasties, all the families have not understood the rules and regulations, so they all follow the rules.

He is good at writing, so his books have great power. I only like to use a dry pen, which lacks charm.

Particularly good at cursive writing. The Palace Museum has a cursive poem volume from the 21st year of Jiajing reign (1542).

Volume "Nineteen Ancient Poems" written in the 41st year of Jiajing reign (1562). The family has a rich collection of ancient steles and inscriptions. They copied the authentic ones and wrote Dharma books for others.

He is good at seal engraving and is good at painting landscapes. He does not follow the example of the ancients and is his own style. He also writes about flowers. The Feng family was originally a common surname in Yin County. In the past dynasties, it was an official and a famous person.

Fengfang himself was erudite in craftsmanship, especially calligraphy. He owned a house with tens of thousands of books, and had more than a thousand acres of farmland. He spent all his time buying Dharma books and stickers, and he worked day and night. He copied by hand, so he was extremely knowledgeable in calligraphy and capable of all five physical exercises. In his later years, he fell into the addiction to calligraphy and ink painting. Huang Zongxi's "Farewell Biography of Fengnan Yu" once gave a very vivid description of him: "When he reads and stares attentively, his pupils are about half an inch outside the socket. People are not aware of their differences."

Fengfang Bu He was good at managing his family's finances, so later his family's wealth was completely lost. Six out of ten Song Dynasty manuscripts and manuscripts in his Wanjuan Tower collection were stolen by his disciples. Later, unfortunately, they were destroyed by fire, so there are not many good copies left. Fengfang originally had a close relationship with Fan Qin of Tianyi Pavilion. In the early days, Fan Qin had copied books from Wanjuan Tower, and Fengfang also wrote "Tibetan Secretary" for Fan Qin. Therefore, all the remaining books from Wanjuan Tower were sold to Tian A pavilion is a matter of course.

The handed down calligraphy works are mainly in cursive script, including the cursive script "Diaozhu Xing", "Cursive Script Qijue", "Self-written Poems" and "Xiaoyaoyou" with cursive script in regular script, etc. He also wrote "Zang Shu Shu" "Shujue", "Book of Changes", "Ancient Book History", "Lu Shi" World Studies", "Spring and Autumn History", "Poetry", "Wanjuanlou Collection", etc. The poetic and solitary pine tree stands on the high cliff, facing thousands of miles of water waves directly below the cliff.

The rapidly flowing river erodes the roots of the lonely pine, and the violent wind shakes the branches of the lonely pine. There are many red ants in the caves on the ground under the forest, and slender and graceful usneas twine around the tall trees.

The fierce cold wind attacks from all directions. What will happen to the vitality of the dense vegetation in the mountain forest? The biting frost came to the world overnight, but those tall trees still towered into the clouds. A gentleman always clings to the high moral integrity of poverty and poverty, and his angry and generous emotions turn into tragic songs.

Notes 1. Lone pine: a pine tree growing alone. Tao Qian of the Jin Dynasty's "Return and Lai Xi Ci": "Jing Huan is about to enter, caressing the lonely pine and wandering around."

Tang Zhang said the poem "Yao Tong Cai Qi Qi Yan Song Pian": "Everyone in the Qing capital The trees are always prosperous, and it is said that the solitary pine stands out from the crowd." 2. Dome: a high cliff.

3. Xialin: look down; look down. Han Meicheng's "Qifa": "There is a peak of thousands of feet above, and a stream of hundreds of feet below."

The "Inscription on Touchao Temple" written by King Jin of Qi in the Southern Dynasties: "The flying pavilion is winding, and there is no ground below." "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion" by Wang Bo of the Tang Dynasty: "The mountains are towering with green sky, and the sky is rising from the sky; the flying pavilion is flowing with Dan, and there is no ground below."

Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty's poem "To Dong Qing Jiarong": "Coming below. Thousands of snows, but there is a five-rope bridge on my back." 4. Tuān: rapids.

Jin Panyue's "Ode to the Western Expedition": "The canal diverts the water, causing turbulent winds." Jin Wang Take it to the left and right, and lead it to the flowing water, and sit next to it."

Ming Dynasty Liu Ji's "Preface to the Pingxi Shu Ode": "Therefore, when the winter is extremely cold, there must be a spring; under the turbulence, there must be a spring. There is a deep pool. "Chen Qubing's poem "Staying alone at the bridge in Zhangjiakou and looking at the moon": "There is a faint sound of the moon, and the quiet exploration is agitated."

Chen Yi's "Shui Diao Ge Tou·Wang Liangkou". Words: "Also look at the turbulent tunnel, the underground factory generates electricity, and plays cymbals." 5. Jingbiao (biāo): the same as "Jingbiao".

Refers to strong wind. "The Book of Southern Qi·Su Kan's Biography": "The thunder and lightning are blowing, and the Huaihe River is flowing."

Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty's "Farewell to Weng Cong from Dongchuan Hongnong Shang Shumu": "The right and wrong are parting in a dream "The season is terrible." 6. Ke: Branch.

"Art and Literature Collection·Wu Jun·and Zhu Yuansi Shu": "Heng Ke is covered on top." 7. Numerous: numerous appearances.

(1) A messy look. "Guanzi·Shu Yan": "They are like tangled threads, and what is left is like a cure."

Wang Anshi of the Song Dynasty's "Travel to Taoyuan": "When Chonghua is gone, it is better to find it again? The world has experienced it one after another. Qin Dynasty. "Ming Chencai's "The Story of a Thousand Golds": "After passing the long pavilion and short pavilion, there were many banners and flags."

Sha Ting's "Route": "So they started to roar. "(2) Numerous appearances.

Therefore, there is no alliance of faith in the Spring and Autumn Period, and there is no alliance of righteousness in the Spring and Autumn Period. Although the same is true of the whole world. "

Chapter 29 of "A Dream of Red Mansions": "Rong. There were many cars and horses in front of the government office. "Mao Dun's "Color Blindness" 5: "But when the tram stopped again, many people got off, and he followed him to the road in confusion."

( 3) Busy; busy. "Mencius Teng Wengong": "Why do you deal with hundreds of workers?" In the evening, there is no time to do business."

Song Dynasty Wang Anshi's poem "Yincun Daozhong": "It is useless to pity the country. No matter what, you will come here." 8. Red ants: also known as "red ants". Ants" and "red moths".

The legendary red ant. "Songs of the Chu·Calling Souls": "Red ants are like elephants, and black bees are like pots."

Wang Yi's note: "Ant, one is an ant... It is said that there are red ants in the wilderness, and they look like elephants." "The Classic of Mountains and Seas, Hai Nei Bei Jing" states, "The giant bee is like a katydid, and the red moth is like a moth." Jin Guo's annotation quoted "Chu Ci" as "the black bee is like a pot, and the red moth is like an elephant."

Song Mei Yaochen's "Red Ant."

4. Notes on the original translation of "Book of Tang. Biography of Liu Zongyuan"

When I met the Queen of Heaven (1), there was Xu Yuanqing from Xiagui in the same state (2), and his father Shuang was killed by the county magistrate Zhao Shiyun ( 3), the pawn can kill his father's hatred with his own hands and restrain himself to blame.

At that time, Chen Ziang, the remonstrating minister, suggested that he be punished and his family be punished (4); Chen Pi alone passed it (5).

The ministers heard the great book of rites (6) to prevent chaos. If it is said that no one is a thief, anyone who is a son will be killed without mercy.

The basis of punishment is also to prevent chaos. If you say that a thief who does nothing is a thief, then anyone who behaves rationally will be killed without mercy.

Their roots are combined, but their uses are different. Jing and Zhu cannot be combined. Punishing him can be punished, which is called excessive; the punishment is too severe (7).

It is said that he can be punished, so he is called arrogant (8); this is a very bad etiquette. If this is shown to the world and passed on to future generations, those who pursue righteousness will not know where to go, and those who violate harm will not know where to stand. Can this be regarded as a code? This is the system of the sage (9), which is based on rational principles to determine rewards and punishments, and the true feelings of praise and blame, which are unified into one.

If the messenger is asked about his sincerity (10), examines his merits, and seeks for his originality (11), then the use of punishment and etiquette is completely different. Which one? If Yuan Qing's father was not involved in a public crime, Shi Yun's execution would be based solely on his personal grudges, inflamed his official spirit, and tortured the innocent. The state pastor would not know the crime (12), the executioner would not know to ask questions, and everyone would be exposed (13) , the cry was not heard; but Yuan Qing was able to regard wearing the sky as a great shame (14), and leaning against the enemy as a gift (15), deliberately calculated to attack the enemy's chest, and calmly restrained himself (16), even if he died without regrets, he was a guardian Be polite and do justice.

Deacons should be ashamed and unable to thank them (17), so why punish them? Perhaps the father of Yuan Qing was not immune to his sins, and when Shi Yun punished him, he was not guilty of the law (18). He died not of an official, but of the law. Is it worthy of hatred? To hate the emperor's law and kill the officials who obey the law (19) is to rebel against the emperor and lead the emperor (20).

If you stick to it and punish it, then it is the official state code (21), but why is it so clear? Moreover, he argued: "Everyone must have children, and children must have relatives. If relatives and relatives hate each other, who will save them from the chaos?" This is a serious confusion about etiquette. The so-called enemy in Li refers to the person who is grieved by his injustice and complains without complaining; it does not mean that he resists the crime and violates the law and falls into a massacre.

And he said, "If he kills him, I will kill him." Don't discuss the merits, just bully the few and threaten the weak.

It’s not a recitation of scriptures, that’s not what it is! "Book of Rites of Zhou" (22): "Tiaoren (23) is in charge of the hatred of thousands of people. Anyone who kills people for justice will not be punished by order; those who are angry will die.

Those who resist killing will be punished by the state. The country is at odds with each other. "How can we have relatives and friends enmity with each other?" "Spring and Autumn Gongyang Zhuan" (24) says: "If the father is not punished, the son can take revenge.

If the father is punished, the son can take revenge. This way of pushing the edge (25), revenge does not eliminate the harm. "Now if we take this to stop two people from killing each other, it will be in line with etiquette.

A husband who does not forget grudges is filial; a husband who does not love death is righteous. If Yuan Qing can not go beyond etiquette, obey filial piety and die righteousness, he must be sensible and follow the Tao.

How can those who hear the Tao of Fudali regard the king's law as their enemy? The people who discussed it thought that killing and torture would break the etiquette, so it cannot be used as a standard, that is clear. I would like to ask you to attach it to the order.

Those who have been sentenced to prison should not engage in previous discussions. Regards.

[1] Notes on the work (1) Fushimi: See. In the old days, a word of respect was used when someone made a statement to a superior.

The word "plagiarism" below is also a sign of respect from the subordinate to the superior. Queen of Heaven: Wu Zetian (624-705), named Zhao (i.e. "Zhao"), was born in Wenshui, Bingzhou (now Wenshui County, Shanxi Province).

In 655 (the sixth year of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty, Li Zhi Yonghui) was established as queen. Li Zhi participated in state affairs while he was still alive. Later, Li Dan of Rui (ruì) sect established himself as the "Holy Emperor" and changed the name of his country to Zhou. He reigned for sixteen years.

After Zhongzong Li Zhe was restored to power, he was revered as the "Great Sage Emperor Zetian", and later generations called him Wu Zetian. (2) Tongzhou: The name of the state in the Tang Dynasty. Its jurisdiction is equivalent to the current counties of Dali, Heyang, Hancheng, Chengcheng, and Baishui in Shaanxi Province.

Xiagui (guī): County name, present-day Weinan County, Shaanxi Province. (3) County official Zhao Shiyun: the captain of Xiagui County at that time.

(4) Chen Ziang (661-702): named Boyu, a native of Shehong, Zizhou (now Shehong County, Sichuan Province). During the reign of Empress Wu, she served as Youshiyi and was an officer of admonishment.

Jing (jīng): Commendation. Lu: The gate of the lane.

(5) Over: Error, inappropriate. (6) Etiquette: A general term for moral and behavioral norms in the feudal era.

(7) Dú punishment: abuse of criminal law. Stupid, thoughtless.

(8) Jiàn: going beyond one’s duty. (9) System: Formulate, stipulate.

(10) 谳谳 (yàn): trial and verdict. (11) Original: speculation.

End: Reason. (12) Zhou Mu: Chief executive of the state.

(13) Mengmao: deceive, cover up. (14) Dai Tian: Holding the sky on your head means living in the same heaven and earth with the enemy.

"Book of Rites: Qu Li 1": "The hatred of the father cannot be held against the mother-in-law." (15) Pillow: Sleep with a weapon on your pillow.

(16) Jie Ran: Determined. Self-control: self-control.

(17) Xie Zhi: Admit your mistake to him. (18) Sui (qiàn): Fault.

(19) 戕(qiāng): kill. (20) Bèi ào: unruly.

Contrary, disobey. Ao, arrogance.

(21) State law: national law. (22) "Zhou Rites": also known as "Zhou Guan" and "Zhou Guan Jing", one of the Confucian classics.

The content is a compilation of historical materials such as the official system of the Zhou royal family and the systems of various countries during the Warring States Period. (23) Transfer person: Official name of Zhou Dynasty.

(24) "Chun Qiu Gongyang Zhuan": that is, "Chun Qiu Gong Yang Zhuan", one of the three biographies that explains "Spring and Autumn" (the other two are "Chun Qiu Zuo Shi Zhuan" and "Chun Qiu Gu Liang" pass"). The old title is Gongyang Gaozuo, a disciple of Zixia who was a Qi man during the Warring States Period. One theory is that it was his great-great-grandson Gongyang Shouzuo.

(25) Pushing the Blade: Killing each other. [1] As far as I know, during the reign of Queen Zetian, there was a man named Xu Yuanqing in Xiagui County, Tongzhou. His father Xu Shuang was killed by the county captain Zhao Shiyun. He was finally able to kill his father's enemy with his own hands and tied himself up. The body surrendered to the government.

Chen Ziang, the admonisher at the time, recommended the death penalty, commended his behavior in his hometown, and asked the court to "codify this method of treatment into laws and regulations and permanently serve as the country's legal system." I personally think this is wrong.

I heard that the fundamental function of etiquette is to prevent people from causing chaos. If murderers cannot be allowed to go unpunished, then any son who kills someone who should not be counted as an enemy to avenge his parents must be put to death and cannot be pardoned.

The fundamental function of criminal law is also to prevent people from causing chaos. If murderers cannot be allowed to go unpunished, then any official who kills someone by mistake must also be put to death and cannot be pardoned.

Their fundamental functions are the same, but their methods are different. Commendation and execution cannot be given to the same person.

To execute people who can be commended is called indiscriminate killing, and it is an abuse of criminal law that goes too far. It is a mistake to commend someone who should be executed, and it is a serious breach of etiquette.

If this method of treatment is adopted as the criterion of criminal law and passed on to future generations, then those who pursue justice will not know the way forward and want to avoid harm. 5. Classical Chinese text "Mr. Good" Translation

Mr. Good

Explanation: A kind-hearted person who has no disputes with others, does not care about right and wrong, and just wants to live in peace.

① "Shishuo Xinyu·Yu" "Pang Shiyuan of Nanjun heard that Sima Decao was in Yingchuan" Liu Xiao quoted from "Sima Hui Biography": "Defian Hui lived in Jingzhou, knowing that Liu Biao had a dark nature, so he must To harm a good person, one would not discuss it. At that time, some people asked about Hui's character. At first, they did not distinguish between their superiority and inferiority, and always said "good". His wife admonished him and said: "When the hostage has doubts, it is better for you to debate." By saying "good", does this person mean to seek advice from the emperor? Hui said: "It is also "good" as you said."

’ It’s so graceful and graceful. " Later, people who don't care about right and wrong, are harmonious, and just want to live in peace are called "Mr. Good".

② Refers to a kind person, a good person.