In the second year of Shunzhi in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Regent Dourgen of the Qing Dynasty led a great army south and occupied Nanjing, the seat of the court of the Southern Ming Dynasty, in May. On June 28th, the Qing Dynasty appointed Fang Heng, a minister, as the governor of Jiangyin, to execute the "hair-shaving order" of "leaving no hair, leaving no hair". This is a haircut order that threatens the Han people with death. The traditional habit of Han people is to store hair, thinking that "there is hair on the body, and parents are afraid of injury." The hair of underage children is shoulder-length, and that of adults is parallel. Manchu people, on the other hand, draw a straight line from their forehead, shave off all the outside lines and braid their hair. The Qing court regarded argument as one of the symbols of submission, which not only conquered your body, but also conquered your thought and culture. The strong-willed Jiangyin people instantly turned panic into anger. They shouted: the head can be broken, but the hair can't be shaved! The insurgents, led by Yan Yingyuan, Chen Mingyu and Feng Houdun, killed Fang Heng and refused to tell the division. According to "Ji Shou, Jiangyin City" in the early Qing Dynasty, Jiangyin defended the city against Qing Dynasty for 8 1 day. After that, the Qing army dispatched more than 200 guns in red, which was finally broken, and the Qing soldiers killed 10 days. Many people didn't want to die by the enemy's sword, so they hanged themselves in the well, and no one in the city surrendered. In the battle, 97,000 people died in the city and 75,000 people died outside the city. Yan Yingyuan, Chen Mingyu and others fought in desperate street battles. Feng Peiping hanged himself in the Minglun Hall of the Confucian Temple on business, and only 53 youngest children survived because they hid in the Xingguo Tower. The history of Jiangyin people's resistance to the Qing Dynasty is strong, and it is called "Nanming Three Massacre" together with "Yangzhou Ten Days" and "Jiading Three Massacre". There is a couplet mourning this feat: Dai Fazhong 80, a figure representing the 17th Dynasty of Mao; One hundred thousand people die together, and Daming is three hundred miles. Thousands of women and children jumped into Sun Langchi to commit suicide after the massacre of the Qing army and friends. A woman wrote two poems on the wall with blood: put them on passers-by to cover her nose, the living are not as fragrant as the dead, and then calmly throw them into the pool to die. There was a river of blood at that time, and the scene was quite tragic.
The second half of the relief is about the "ugly besieged city" during the Zhifeng War, and the top of Xingguo Tower was destroyed by shells. Xingguo Tower is the core attraction of the park, located in the southwest corner of Jiangyin City. After several times, the ancient pagoda still exists, with a history of 1000 years. It is now 42.24 meters high and has tilted to the northeast. 1985 has been reinforced to keep the style of the residual tower. The tower was built in Taiping Xingguo (976-983) in the early Song Dynasty. Originally a seven-level pagoda in Taiping xingguo temple, it was a pavilion-style brick-wood structure. We often say that "saving a life is better than building a seven-level pagoda", which is a popular saying for charity and a humble word for those who help the poor. This pagoda also means stupa. Xingguo Tower is a pavilion-like tower with the longest history, the highest building and the most common type among the ancient pagodas in China. Tiger Hill in Suzhou and Pagoda of Six Harmonies in Hangzhou are also pavilions. The pavilions before the Tang Dynasty were made of wood, but the wood structure was difficult to preserve. At present, only the oldest Yingxian wooden pagoda in Shanxi Province remains. Since the Song Dynasty, it has been a mixed structure of brick and wood. Xingguo Tower is the product of this era.
Xingguo Tower has been associated with war since its establishment. During the Yuan Dynasty to Mindfulness, it was destroyed by war. During Zheng Tong's reign in the Ming Dynasty, the tower was rebuilt in the seventeenth year of Hongwu (1384) and upgraded to grade nine. In the 22nd year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (18 17), xingguo temple was destroyed and Xingguo Tower was damaged, leaving only the masonry structure of Xingguo Tower. In the Republic of China 14 (1925)126, Xingguo Tower was robbed again in the "ugly siege" of warlords, and its top was hit by gunfire. At that time, Chen Xiaosi, directly under the army, occupied Jiangyin City, and Bi Shucheng, directly under the army, occupied Huangshan Fort. At this time, it is the New Year, and people are decorating and celebrating festivals. The sound of guns on New Year's Day turned people from joy to fear. The artillery fire continued until the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, and the residents ate all their food. Jiangyin gentry surrendered to Chen in the city, dredged Jun Bi, and asked for a passage to let Chen retreat to northern Jiangsu. Jun Bi allowed Chen to retreat, but only if he fired 50 shots into the city. At that time, the commander in charge of shooting was Meng. He clearly knew that if 50 shots were fired into the city, the whole city would be destroyed. So Meng ordered to intercede with Bi Shucheng; He wanted to fire, and the premise of Bi's consent was to hit the spire of Xingguo Tower, the tallest building in the city, and Meng took aim intently. Sure enough, the shooting task was given to Meng. Meng secretly dismantled the explosives in the shell, and the shell did not explode, thus ensuring the safety of Jiangyin City. However, in this war, the Xingguo Tower was cut off for the safety of the whole city. Yunshui building
The Chibei Tower of Yunshuilou is a place in Xingguo Garden to commemorate Jiang Chunlin, a great Jiangyin poet in Qing Dynasty. Jiang Chunlin (18 18- 1868), a native of Jiangjiaxiang, Jiangyin, is a salt official in Dongtai, northern Jiangsu. He wrote his own collection of words, named Shuiyunlou. Shui Yunlou's Ci is extremely sad and highly praised by historians. He is known as Du Fu in the ci world, as well as Nalan Xingde and Xiang Hongzhou, and is also known as "the three tripod feet in the ci world". Jiang Chunlin's poetic style is close to that of Li Shangyin. In middle age, he devoted himself to lyrics creation. In order to show his determination to the lyrics, he burned all his previous poems. Good at blow jobs. Every time he added a new word, it was sung by my beloved princess Huang Wanjun. He has been an ambassador to Huaiyan twice, which is obviously a well-paid job, but he is not good at officialdom and is not good at treating students. When he was removed from office, his sleeves were empty. During his life in Taizhou, his ci became more and more sad and his life became more and more poor. In the seventh year of Tongzhi (1868), when he went to Suzhou to take refuge with friends, he pawned a jade ring, which was the only memorial left by his dead wife. In the end, he was afraid of ash and resolutely joined the Wujiang Hongqiao. A pronoun died at the age of 5 1 year, mourning to follow his beloved concubine.
Regret for peace
There is a poem by Jin Wuxiang that makes such an evaluation: "Jiang is a vanilla for a long time, and he wants to contribute to his paper." Regret for Yuefu's "Yun Shui Ci". He Shi, the word, regrets Yu, the first division of Qing Daoguang Jinshi, in charge of the official department. Later, he was transferred to Jianchang Prefecture in Jiangxi Province as a magistrate. When the Taiping Army attacked Jianchang, his whole family was killed. Later, he became an official in business in Yangzhou and carved his own poems. He is brilliant, praised as the first scholar by Zeng Guofan's shogunate, and has a collection of poems and essays handed down from generation to generation. When he was in Yangzhou, he built a pot ring in the No.22 residence of Donghuanmen and three pavilions in the "Regret Rain Temple". There are relics of Huashigang in the garden during the Song Xuanhe period, which are more than ten feet long and are fine pebbles.
Yichunge
There is a three-room roof house in Xieshan, called Yichun Pavilion, written by Xue Shuangjia, a late calligrapher in Jiangyin. Tang, a master of Chinese studies, specially wrote a couplet for Yichun Pavilion: "Three pools are full of smoke, spring and vitality; A corner of Jiangcheng is a resort, a bit of autumn, a poetic book (life). " Yichun Pavilion was built by Zhu Danqing, a famous capitalist in Jiangyin during the Republic of China, for his mother's birthday. The original site is in Yiyuan, Liu Ling Lane, Zhu Danqing. Zhu Danqing is very filial to his mother. She accompanied her mother to Hangzhou to play, and her mother praised the beautiful scenery of the West Lake. After returning home, Zhu Danqing bought 20 mu of land and built a garden with pavilions, rockeries and flowing water, which is commonly known as Jia Zhu Garden. This is a large-scale family garden with hotels, theaters, restaurants, tea rooms, zoos and cinemas. The former Yiyuan Garden is gone, and the rebuilt Yichun Pavilion reminds us of Zhu Danqing, a dutiful son. At that time, he was not only a wealthy textile businessman in Jiangyin during the Republic of China, but also devoted himself to the establishment of Jiangyin's cultural and educational undertakings and founded Zhengcun Middle School. 1924 Founded the Taoshe Poetry Society; Yiyuan Garden is regarded as the land of poetry club, and Taoshe is the largest, longest-lasting and most influential literary group in Jiangyin history.
Cangzhou Xuan
Cangzhou Xuan is built to commemorate Cangzhou Poetry Society and its founder Xu who initiated and organized Cangzhou Poetry Society during the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. Xu is the husband of Xu Xiake, and the Eight Scenes of Chengjiang written by Xu is also widely known. Xu's "Eight Scenes of Chengjiang" is engraved in the Mohuaxie stele gallery of the government site. Cangzhou Poetry Society organized by Xu is the most influential poetry society in Jiangyin history, followed by Jiajing Daya Poetry Society and Poetry Society. Twenty-three people attended Cangzhou Du Shi, and 9 1 year-old poet Xu Zhongqian was elected as the leader. The poetry club once held a grand poetry meeting in Junshan, Jiangyin, and poets from all over the world came to participate in it, which became a major event in the history of Jiangyin poetry. It took Xu 40 years to write a 300,000-word poetic masterpiece "Distinguishing Poetic Style", which is another poetic masterpiece after Yan Yu (Canglang Poetics) in Song Dynasty, commenting on China's 10837 poems and authors from Zhou Dynasty to Ming Dynasty. Couplets "Gao Shi and De Lian Yin" are famous all over the country; After the big book is the Language of Canglang, the first book of poetry talks in one hundred generations. Pointed out the general situation of Xu and his poetry club. By the way, the scholar who put forward that "the head can be broken, but the hair can't be shaved" in the "Yiyou Massacre" campaign in Jiangyin was allowed to be Xu's grandson.
Shang Hu Caotang
The Threshold of Shanghu Caotang is an eight-part official script collection written by Yin Bingshou, a famous calligrapher in the middle of Qing Dynasty. Gu Zhuo is very elegant. The pillars on both sides read: "The thatched cottage is old, full of poems and stories, shining one after another and telling stories;" V, Zi Qiao Qingfeng, villagers fight for Ge Tomb ". His book Ge's Cottage is engraved on the six mahogany screens in the hall, which tells the story of the first cultural family in Jiangyin history-Ge's. Shanghu is Ge's residence. In the Five Dynasties, the Ge family moved from Huainan to Jiangyin to avoid the war, and then settled in Qingyang Shanghu Lake in Jiangyin, namely Furong Lake. The Ge family first created the Yin family culture. The poems of later generations have been handed down from generation to generation, among which 33 are Jinshi of the Song family, known as the "fifth Jinshi". During the Southern Song Dynasty, the Jiangnan family has formed a group cultural family. Under the strong cultural atmosphere, many family disciples try to keep up with the family tradition and form a virtuous circle, which enables the cultural family to be passed down from generation to generation. It was in this environment that the Ge family in Jiangyin came into being, and there was a prosperous time when brothers joined hands, father and son came one after another, five sons ascended the throne, three sons took charge, and one man was an important minister. Cultural family constitutes a characteristic of Wu culture in Jiangyin, which shows the prosperity of Jiangyin culture and the number of talents. The historical phenomenon of the "famous Jiangzuo" Jiangyin Ge family in the Song Dynasty has become an interesting research topic for historians. Ge was the left prime minister of the Southern Song Dynasty; Ge, the prime minister, can be said to be the person with the highest official position among Jiangyin people in feudal times. Cai Xiang, a great calligrapher in Song Dynasty, is Ge's son-in-law, and his grandson Ge is quite famous in the literary world. Twenty volumes of poems are included in Sikuquanshu. Autumn Rhyme is a poetic work that comments on the works of poets in previous dynasties before the Song Dynasty, and it is a masterpiece of poetic theory in the history of China literature. Ge was a member of the Ge family in the Northern Song Dynasty (1097- 1099). Carrying a hat with a handle and a handmade "turtle crown", I came to Yanzhou, Hainan, not far from Wan Li, to visit Su Dongpo, a great writer who was relegated by the court for the second time, and asked for advice on being a man and learning. Ge's contacts with Su Dongpo are recorded in county annals and county annals. Folk stories about Su Dongpo's scenic spots and historical sites are closely related to this Jiangnan student Ge and his parents. For example, Xiangshan in the east of Jiangyin has the old trace of "Dongpo Xiyan Lake" and Dongxiang Xinqiao has the old trace of "Sushu Bridge". Su Shi also wrote a eulogy for Ge Guan, inscribed himself as "Su Shi, born late in Meishan". There is a Chinese painting "Ge Wanli went to Hainan to invite Su Dongpo", which shows that Ge and Su Dongpo lived together in Hainan for a month. In order to thank Su Gong for his generous advice, he specially presented the tortoise crown to Su Old Master Q Ah Q. The association between Ge, a student from the south of the Yangtze River, and Su Dongpo, a great writer, has been frequently quoted for many years, becoming an allusion of "being open-minded and eager to learn, learning from Wan Li".
Daya gallery
Daya Gallery hangs from the top of the mountain, and there is a couplet in the hall: "It is the true nature of a scholar to take poetry as a friend and make elegant works;" Talking about politics, being upright and upright is called Lin Dong's predecessor. "Daya Gallery was established to commemorate the Daya Poetry Society during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. Daya Gallery was established by Liu Guangji, Ji Ke and others in Jiangyin. The purpose of writing down the Poetry Club of United University Art Gallery is to talk about poetry and Taoism and promote culture. The second part means to serve the country, promote righteousness and attack Yan Song at that time. Daya Gallery is another progressive literary group before Lindong School in the late Ming Dynasty. As the years passed, the stars changed, but many exquisite poems in Daya Gallery were buried in the dust.
Jiao Shan Pavilion
Jiaoshan Pavilion is a small square pavilion with single room, chessboard ceiling and spire. It's at the highest point of the garden, from which you can have a panoramic view. If you sit here and rest your feet, look at the scenery and calm down, it's really a bit detached, and your body and mind have been integrated with nature. This pavilion was built to commemorate Yang Jisheng, director of Nanjing Household Department and minister of punishments during Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. Yang Jisheng was handed down from generation to generation with his "iron shoulders bearing morality and skillful hands writing articles". He, Harry and Shen Lian are famous for speaking frankly. Yang Jisheng, a native of Jiao Shan, was born in Rongcheng, Baoding. His family was poor and he lost his mother at the age of seven. Later, he took the imperial examination and won the Jinshi, which was appreciated by many ministers in Beijing. Yang Jisheng was honest and impeached Qiu Luan and Yan Song successively. He boldly exposed Yan Song's top ten crimes, all of which have conclusive evidence. He also said in the newspaper, Yan Song's top ten crimes, but can deceive the emperor, because there are "five traitors" to help. These are Yan Song's spies, minions, relatives, minions and confidants, all around Sejong. This letter hit the nail on the head of Yan Song, and Yan Song was so angry that he framed Yang Jisheng in front of Ming Shizong. Ming Shizong was furious, Yang Jisheng was poisoned and then executed; Leave a famous sentence, "Heroism and Judaism are empty, and Dan Xin shines through the ages; Nothing happened in my life, leaving it to future generations to make up. " I was only forty years old when I died. This became a major injustice that shocked the ruling and opposition parties at that time. In xingguo temple, Jiangyin, there used to be poems and ink, and today there are still people rubbing pictures, from which we can see Yang Jisheng's attitude towards life. His noble character, heroism and happiness are revealed between the lines, and his morality and demeanor are admired by future generations.