Zhou Mi
The steps are deep and quiet, the clouds are yellow and the sky is light, and the snow is not complete. Jianqu has cold sand and lush tobacco trees, and the views have lasted for eternity. The age is getting late, drifting away, who misses me, and carries the boat with me on the five lakes? The ancient pines are slanting, the cliffs are covered with old moss, and there is a pure sadness. Looking back at the end of the world and returning to my dreams, my souls flew to Xipu and shed tears in Dongzhou. The mountains and rivers of my hometown, my heart and mind are still like Wang Can ascending the tower. I pity him the most, Qin Huan makeup mirror, good country, why travel at this time. To call out the old prisoner who chants crazily, and to give him a gift to relieve his worries.
Note: The pavilion is located in Shaoxing, where Xipu and Dongzhou are located.
Penglai Pavilion is a scenic spot at the foot of Wolong Mountain outside Shaoxing City. Literati and poets of all ages have visited it to reminisce about the past and created many works. The poem "Zhou Mi" is dated to the winter of the first year of Duanzong Jingyan's reign (1276). The year before, Zhou Mi was appointed as the magistrate of Yiwu County. By then, the Yuan soldiers had fallen into Jiankang and were approaching Lin'an. In the first month of the following year, Lin'an fell, Emperor Gong and the Queen Mother were taken captive to the north, and the country's situation was beyond control. Yuan soldiers continued to move south, Song officials surrendered to Yuan one after another, and Zhou Mi was forced to return north. In the winter of that year, he went to Shaoxing, and together with his poetry friend Wang Yisun, they climbed up to the Penglai Pavilion on a very cold day. They couldn't help but have mixed feelings and wrote this poem.
The first film starts from ascending the pavilion, integrating scenery and lyricism. The word "deep seclusion" not only points out the location of Penglai Pavilion, but also reveals the author's infinite melancholy. "The clouds are yellow and the sky is light, and the snow has not yet stopped." A heavy snow is brewing, and the gloomy and cold weather also reflects the author's mood. The three sentences of "Jianqu" say that looking around from the pavilion makes people feel infinite melancholy: Jianhu Lake looks like a cold river and water, and the lush bamboo forest next to the Orchid Pavilion is now shrouded in smoke. The poet then thought of many past events from ancient times to the present: He Zhizhang, the great poet who retired to Jianhu in his later years, and Wang Xizhi, the great calligrapher who wrote the "Preface to the Lanting Anthology". Where are they now? "Pitch", as in "The Preface to the Lanting Anthology". "While looking up and down, there are already traces of the past". The poet recalled the past and looked at the present with deep emotion. "Sui Hua Wan" has two meanings. One means that it is already twilight; the other means that one is getting twilight. I am wandering around, getting further and further away from my hometown of Jinan. I really hope to be like Fan Li, boating on the five lakes with my beloved and hiding from the world. But a true friend is hard to find. Looking at the close view, the stone steps are old, the pine trees are crooked, and the cliffs are covered with moss. It is a miserable and cold picture. There is emotion in the scenery, and the empathy between things and myself paved the way for the in-depth lyricism of the next film.
The next film is to express my thoughts about my motherland. Shaoxing has outstanding people and many inspiring stories. It is a place that poets yearn for and once regarded it as their second hometown. When he was drifting to the end of the world, he had visited this place many times in his dreams. He was haunted by it and cried. When I really came here today, the scenery was still the same, but it was already under the rule of foreigners. When I climbed up to this pavilion, I naturally felt like Wang Can's "Ode to Climbing the Tower": "Although I believe in beauty rather than my land, how can I stay less?" !". The words "I pity him the most" take the meaning to a deeper level. "Qin servant girl" refers to the mountain, because the Qin girl's servant girl resembles the shape of the mountain; "Zhuangjing" refers to the mirror of the lake. It is said that although the country has changed hands, the landscape of Shaoxing is still so beautiful. At the end of the film, the fantasy awakens He Zhizhang, the "crazy guest of the Four Ming Dynasties", who drinks wine and writes poems to relieve his sorrow.
This poem fully expresses Zhou Mi's mood when Lin'an, the capital of the Song Dynasty, fell and was unable to return home. It is desolate, melancholy and touching.
Gong Jin's "One Calyx Red" (I felt it when I climbed Penglai Pavilion) is a piece of blank and sighing, and the emotion can be seen in the words. It should be included in the "Cao Chuang Collection". Although it is beautiful, it has nothing to do with it. For this, there is nothing wrong with it, and it is a pity not to look at it too much. (Volume 2 of "Chen Tingzhuo's "Bai Yuzhai Ci")
This poem is boundless and emotional, and the emotions can be seen in the poem. It should be concentrated and rolled out by Cao Chuang, even though Qingzhen, Fanghui, Baishi, and Meixi have done it. , and cannot be ignored even by an inch. Most of the words have their own extremes. Since they are based on their peaks, how can they be added to them? (Commentary on Chen Tingzhuo's "Yun Shao Collection")