Character introduction Yu Shinan (558-638), a poet of the Tang Dynasty, one of the twenty-four heroes of Lingyan Pavilion, was born in Yuyao, Yuezhou (now part of Zhejiang Province). He was promoted to Secretary Supervisor and given the title of Yongxing County. He was called "Yu Yongxing" in his later life. He died at the age of 81 and was given the title of Minister of the Ministry of Rites. His calligraphy emphasizes both hardness and softness, and his strength is strong. Together with Ouyang Xun, Chu Suiliang and Xue Ji, he is known as one of the "Four Great Masters of the Early Tang Dynasty". His poetic style is similar to his calligraphy style, with a clear and beautiful tone that reveals vigor. Yu Shinan was awarded Secretary Lang at Dayechu of Sui Dynasty. After entering the Tang Dynasty, Taizong introduced him to the Qin government to join the army and became a bachelor of Hongwenguan. In the seventh year of Zhenguan (633), he was transferred to the Secretary's Supervisor and was given the title of Shuixing County Son and the Yinqing Guanglu Doctor. He was known as "Yu Secret Supervisor" or "Yu Shuixing". Dazong of the Tang Dynasty once said that he had the five extraordinary qualities of virtue, loyalty, erudition, diction, and calligraphy, and was praised as "a famous contemporary minister with accurate human ethics". His posthumous title was Wenyi, Volume 72 of "Old Book of Tang" and Volume 1 of "New Book of Tang" The original biography of One Hundred and Two states: "Shi Nan is quiet and has few desires, and he is diligent in studying. ...The book written by Zhi Yongshan and Wang Xixi, a monk from the same county, was written by Shi Nanshi Yan. His style was wonderful, and his reputation was greatly enhanced. "Yu Shinan's calligraphy inherits the tradition of the two kings. It is soft on the outside and strong on the inside. The writing is smooth and harmonious and has a magnificent spirit. Together with Ouyang Xun, Chu Suiliang and Xue Ji, they are also known as the four great calligraphers in the early Tang Dynasty. His books are listed in "Shuhoupin" It is of the highest quality and the lowest quality, and the comment says: "Xiao is scattered, the real grass is just like the spring, and the crane and the red are playing in the swamp, so it is above the clouds of (Xiao) Ziyun". It is a wonderful book, saying that the book "obtains the grand regulations of the great order (Wang Xianzhi), contains the correct colors of the five directions, shows the beauty and glory, and retains wisdom and courage." Beautiful ridges and dangerous peaks rise from everywhere; when you are walking grass, you will especially miss work. "It's late and late, and it's elegant". "Shu Shu Fu" says: "Yongxing is beyond the limit, writing is like a god, not careless and careless, and not ashamed of the treasures of the world." "Volume 8 of "Xuanhe Shupu" thinks that Shinan's Zhengshu and Wang Xizhi's phase came first in his later years. It also discusses Ou and Yu's phase: "Yu contains hardness and softness inside, while Ou exposes muscles and bones. A gentleman hides his weapons, and Yu is the prime minister. "Excellent". The handed down ink inscriptions include the inscriptions "Confucius Temple Stele" and "The Theory of Breaking Evils", etc., and the old copy of the ink inscriptions "The Epitaph of Princess Runan" and so on. The theoretical works of calligraphy include "The Essence of the Brush" and "The Purpose of the Book". Compiled by There are 160 volumes of "Beitang Shuchao", 50 volumes of "Qunshu Liyao", 10 volumes of "Tuyuan Collection", etc. There are also ten volumes of poetry and prose collections in the world, and four volumes of "Yu Mijian Collection" are now preserved. Volume. [Edit this paragraph] Personal life Yu Shinan was physically weak and well-informed. When he was young, he and his elder brother Yu Shiji studied hard and learned important things. Yu Shinan especially likes calligraphy and is friendly with the seventh generation monk Sun Zhiyong of Wang Xizhi. Under Zhiyong's careful teaching, Yu Shinan acquired his calligraphy, which is smooth and graceful on the outside, soft on the outside and strong on the inside. , Wang Xianzhi) calligraphy tradition. Together with Ouyang Xun, Chu Suiliang, and Xue Ji, he was known as the four great calligraphers in the early Tang Dynasty, and Yu Shinan was the best among the four. His "Confucius Temple Stele" was highly praised by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. Appreciate it. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty liked Yu Shinan's calligraphy very much and often wrote the character "戈" in his hand. However, the character "ge" had not been written yet. Yu Shinan came to see him and wrote "ge". Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty showed Wei Zheng the character "戈" written by the two of them, and said, "I learned from Shi Nan, is it similar?" After reading it, Wei Zheng said: "The character "ge" is quite realistic. "After Yu Shinan died, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty sighed: "After Shinan's death, no one can discuss the book. "Yu Shinan experienced three eras in the Southern Dynasties: Chen, Sui and Early Tang. Emperor Chen Wen knew that Shinan was knowledgeable and called him to join the army. After the fall of the Chen Dynasty, he went to Chang'an with his brother Shiji, became the secretary of the Sui Dynasty, and later moved to live in Chang'an. Shiren. At that time, Shiji was the Minister of Internal Affairs, and he was extremely powerful and prosperous. His wife was even better than the prince. , was introduced to the Qin government to join the army, and was awarded a bachelor's degree in Hongwenguan. He was the same master of Wenhan as Fang Xuanling, and later served as a writer. Once, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty wanted to write the "Biography of Lienu" on the screen, but there was no copy. Yu Shinan was in the court. He wrote it silently in one breath and won the admiration of the scribes in the court. Although Yu Shinan looked timid and frail, he had a strong temper and was forthright in admonishing Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty to be diligent in political affairs. The ancient emperors discussed the pros and cons of government affairs. In the eighth year of Zhenguan (AD 634), a mountain collapsed in Longyou, and Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty asked about "changes in the sky." Taking the previous landslides since the Jin Dynasty as an example, he said: "I heard that the weather is not as good as the geographical location. Not as good as Renhe. If virtue and justice are not cultivated, even if you win a phoenix, it will be of no use; but if your political affairs are not perfect, even if there are disaster stars, it will not harm the time. However, I hope that I will not be arrogant and lazy because of my high achievements, as the ancients used to think, and I hope that I will not be arrogant and lazy because of the gradual progress of peace, and be cautious until the end. " After hearing this, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty calmed down and reflected. He repeatedly discouraged Emperor Taizong from building a mausoleum and giving him a rich burial, which made Emperor Taizong restrain himself.
He also sternly advised Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty not to indulge in hunting and neglect political affairs. These all played a positive role in the "Government of Zhenguan" at that time. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty once said to his ministers: "If you were as upright and loyal as Yu Shinan, why would the world be indifferent to you?" After Yu Shinan passed the age of seventy, he repeatedly petitioned to retreat, but was not allowed. He was named the son of Yongxing County, and was known as "Yu Yongxing". ". He died in Chang'an in the twelfth year of Zhenguan (AD 638) at the age of eighty. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty was very sad and cried bitterly. He said: "Yu Shinan was loyal to me. He picked up things and repaired them, and never forgot them. He was indeed a famous minister of our time and had good human ethics. If I make a small mistake, I will always offend Yan Zhijian. Now that he has died, the court There are no more people left!" He was given the secret weapon of Dongyuan, buried with him in Zhaoling, given as a gift to the Minister of Capital, and given the posthumous title Wenyi. Taizong also ordered the painting to be hung in Lingyan Pavilion in the palace. Beitang Shuchao Tang Taizong once said that Yu Shinan had five unique qualities: "The first is virtue, the second is loyalty, the third is erudition, the fourth is literary poetry, and the fifth is calligraphy." Yu Shinan's representative calligraphy work is the official script inscription "Confucius Temple Stele", which he also edited It contains one hundred and sixty volumes of "Beitang Shuchao", my country's first complete similar book, excerpting various ancient books that could be seen in the early Tang Dynasty. Most of these ancient books have been lost now, but "Beitang Shuchao" has made important contributions to the preservation of ancient Chinese cultural classics. After his death, his former residence in Minghe Town, Cixi was rebuilt into Dingshui Temple. There is a portrait of Yu Shinan in the temple. His descendants moved to Chang'an. [1]