Zhu Henian (1760— 1844). The word "Wild Cloud" was called "Wild Hall" and "Wild Cloud Mountain" by Taizhou people in Qing Dynasty. The main paintings are Wan Juan Shu Lou Tu, Wang Shizhen's Poetic Picture, Imitation of Great Idiot's Landscape, Imitation of Yuan People's Landscape, Strange Rocks and Qifeng Tu, Liangyuan Tower Tu, Lushan Waterfall Tu, Farewell to Yan Zhai Tu, Huangshan Sea of Clouds and so on. Copy and draw famous paintings of Tang and Song Dynasties into 12 volumes.
Chinese name: Zhu Henian
Alias: Zhu, a native of Yeyun Mountain.
Nationality: China (Qing Dynasty)
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Place of birth: Taizhou, Jiangsu
Date of birth: 1760
Date of death: 1844
Occupation: painter
Main achievements: the style of painting is casual and does not follow the path of the ancients. He claimed to be a famous painter in the middle of Qing Dynasty.
Representative works: Wan Juan Shu Lou Tu, Fan Shi's Poems and Paintings of Wang Shizhen Tu, Imitation of Big and Stupid Landscape Tu. .....
outline
He lived in Qingganlong, Jiaqing and Daoguang years. After becoming famous, he had a good personal relationship with Ruan Yuan. He went out to live in Ruan Yuan, and later Ruan Yuan returned to his hometown Yizheng. Zhu Henian settled in Shangxie Street outside Xuanwai, Shi Jing, and was buried outside Yongdingmen after his death. His son's entry into the DPRK as an official is also four products. He devoted himself to calligraphy and painting since he was a child. At the age of nine, he made small landscape paintings for monks in temples. Zhou Mu said, "When you pass the picture". By the time he was in his twenties, his family was too poor to support relatives. A Taoist priest told him that "the secluded place is not enough to live in, so he should enter the metropolis for the public." He then wrapped 800 yuan around his waist and went north, selling paintings for food all the way. After entering Beijing, the theory of painting has improved. He is good at painting landscapes, figures, ladies, flowers and bamboo stones, especially landscape paintings and figure paintings. Its landscape has a legacy of Shi Tao, so the famous scholar Wang Xuehao (1754- 1832, from Yangmeng, Jiaozhong, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province) called his painting "carefree and far-reaching, not miscellaneous", and the house where he lived strictly was called "painting niche", and in French it was called "poetry niche". He is worshipped by people, and his reputation is almost as good as Yan and Fa. He was highly praised by famous painters Ma Lutai (Autumn Medicine) and Zhang Wentao (Chuanshan) at that time. Because of his unique works, he attracted much attention in the painting world at that time. Zhu Henian's temperament is free and easy, and he likes to make friends and meet people from all walks of life. His nature is simple and he is brave. He saved people's lives in times of crisis, so he was deeply respected by people. When dealing with him, he likes to be called "terminal friend". At that time, Zhu Henian's works were most appreciated by North Koreans, and every North Korean businessman who went to Chinese mainland spared no expense to buy his works. Because of Zhu Henian's noble character, some Koreans worship the portrait of Zhu Hang and regard it as a saint. To this day, North Korean artists still regard getting a painting by Zhu Henian as a blessing. North Korean painter Jinchuan Hao once got an original landscape painting of Zhu Henian, saying, "I am amazed at it and have come to appreciate it one after another. My lifelong wish is enough." Zheng Wuchang, a modern painter, said that he was "careless about mountains and rivers and didn't follow the rules of the ancients". The characters drawn are concise and powerful, with smooth lines and ingenious ideas. Because of his outstanding achievements in painting art, he was called "Three Zhu" with the famous painter and Zhu at that time. Zhu Ang was born in the 29th year of Qianlong (1764) and now lives in Daoguang for the 20th year (1840). His name is Li Qing (Dai Li) and his name is Jin Li. He is a native of Wujin, Jiangsu Province. He is good at painting landscapes and flowers. He has a strong brushwork and a high reputation. Zhu Ben was born in the 26th year of Qianlong (176 1 year) and died in the 24th year of Jiaqing (18 19 year). He is a native of Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, and is good at painting landscapes, figures and flowers and birds. The landscape brushwork is vast and beautiful, which is not a statement of one family. The flower-and-bird figures are exquisite and handsome, without any sweetness. "Three Zhu" is a famous painter with great achievements in the middle of Qing Dynasty. According to records, he was closely related to Ruan Yuan (1764- 1849), a great scholar, painter and calligrapher in Tijen Hall. In the 13th year of Daoguang (1833), Ruan's Landscape Map and later Camellia Map were both written by Zhu Henian.
Textual research on the year of birth and death
According to China Artist's Surname Dictionary, he was born in the 25th year of Qianlong (1760) and died in the 14th year of Daoguang (1834) at the age of 75. However, in 2002, Han Haichun filmed "Pictures of Children's Birthdays" (LotNo. 1009, the original), and his own expenses were "Daoguang Chen Jia, Zhongchun Ye Yun and Zhu Henian". The date of "Daoguang Chen Jia" is 1844 (the 24th year of Daoguang), and Zhu He is 85 years old. Therefore, it may be wrong for Zhu to die in Daoguang for fourteen years, and it is more appropriate to change it to Daoguang for twenty-four years.
Handed down works
There are few works handed down by Zhu Henian. According to the statistics of the Catalogue of Ancient Paintings and Calligraphy in China, only nine of his works have been collected by museums and collectors in various provinces and cities all over the country, namely, Wan Juan Shu Lou Tu, Wang Shizhen Fan Shi Shi Tu, Imitation of Big Idiot Landscape Map, Imitation of Yuan Man Landscape Map, Strange Stone and Qifeng Map, Liangyuan Pagoda Map and Lushan Waterfall Map. Although these works are all handed down by Zhu. Readers naturally have to ask, why did Zhu, who started painting at the age of nine, have so few works handed down from generation to generation at the age of 85? I'm afraid there are two reasons for this: First, some of his works are ghostwritten by Ruan Yuan and Fashan, so a considerable part of his paintings have become works of Ruan and France (paintings are printed on behalf of money); Second, North Koreans like his paintings, and some of his works may flow into North Korea, so there are not many domestic collections.
Departmental payment
There are five different ways to write Zhu Henian's official payment * * *, namely Yeyun Zhu Henian, He Nian, Zhu Henian in Hailing and Taizhou Zhu Henian. The word "crane" is written in the ancient word "_", without the word "bird", which means flying away. If the reader encounters the word "crane" next to the word "bird", it can be judged that the painting is suspected of fraud. According to the author's statistics, Zhu Henian has eleven seals, namely "Crane", "Year of Lian Zhuyin", "Wild Cloud" (three parties), "Crane" (two owners), "Year of the Crane", "Bai Xia Fu An", "Fishing Bay" and "Zhu Henian". These stamps and seals not only show that this painting was made by Zhu Henian, but also are the first-hand historical materials for studying Zhu Henian's native place and artistic thought. For example, in Ci Hai, there are patterns such as "The Year of He Zhu in Hailing" and "The Year of He Zhu in Taizhou". The ancient county name "Hailing" ruled in Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province in the Western Han Dynasty and was abandoned in Taizhou in the early Ming Dynasty. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it was ruled by Hailing County, and after the Southern Tang Dynasty, it was ruled by Taizhou. Zhu Zunian's signature "Hailing" shows that he is from Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, thus solving the long-debated question of his native place in the history of painting. Another example is "Wild Cloud", which means that his paintings are not confined to the ancient environment, but like clouds floating in the sky, unpredictable and have a changeable and creative artistic style. In addition, Zhu Henian's works are also found in records, such as Imitating the Bamboo Map of Xihe River in Luo Pin in the 12th year of Jiaqing (1807), Atlas of Canglang Map in the 13th year, Nine Old Pictures of Xiangshan, etc. But it has not been passed down from generation to generation. In 2003, a set of landscape atlas of Zhu Henian 12, which was broadcast on CCTV's Jianbao program, was titled "Zhu Yeyun Atlas", and was signed by Shao Qing, an important official in the late Qing Dynasty, an official in the Ministry of Industry, an official in the Ministry of Punishment and an official in the Ministry of Military Affairs, Pan Zuyin. It is a rare meticulous landscape painting of Zhu Henian, which has just surfaced recently.