Fifty-six words, such as coral on the seabed, are thin and hard to name, unfathomable, but naked and powerful. There has never been anyone before, but it is Du Fu's poems that say something, not Tang Poetry. However, this poem should be the first of the seven laws in ancient and modern times, not necessarily the first in the Tang Dynasty.
Let's enjoy Du Fu's A Journey to the Mountain and see if he is worthy of such high praise.
Climb the peak
The wind is fast and high, the ape cries sadly, and the birds are circling in the white sand.
The endless trees are rustling leaves, and the Yangtze River is rolling unpredictably.
Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness.
After all the hardships and hatred, the white hair is full, and the wine glasses are damaged.
This poem was written in the second year of Dali (767). In 765, Yanwu, who took care of Du Fu, died of sudden illness. He lost his backer in Shu, left the thatched cottage with his family, went all the way east and arrived in Kuizhou in April of the first year of Dali (766). Du Fu lived in Kuizhou for one year and nine months, during which he wrote more than 450 poems, which is one third of Du Fu's poems handed down from ancient times.
During this period, he was poor and ill, but "articles hate life", which is also the stage of his poetry. Whether it is flat, antagonistic, etc. , or transitional grammar, are handy. His poems are well versed in meter, and his skill has reached the state of perfection.
"Climbing the Heights" was created at this point, with poetic outburst and skillful meter.
Poems in the Tang Dynasty are naturally flat and parallel, and we use flat and parallel to mark the flat and parallel of the whole poem, in which "urgency", "whiteness", "falling wood", "nothing", "independence" and "turbidity" are all entering tones, and the flat and parallel tone is used to enter tones:
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Plain, plain, plain.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Plain, plain, plain.
This is the standard seven-line flat format, which rhymes with the first sentence, and there are several flat places, so you can compare them yourself. However, when we read this poem, we will find a problem. "Mourning", "Returning", "Coming", "Taiwan" and "Cup" rhyme but not rhyme. Actually, the pronunciation has changed. These words all belong to the "Ten Grey" part of Pingshui rhyme, that is to say, the vowel sounds of Hui are ui, Hui, lui, tui and bui. Of course, it's just a rough pronunciation, but it must rhyme.
Pingshuiyun
Nowadays, when quoting "leaves fall like the spray of a waterfall, and I watch the long river always roll forward" and "I am from 3,000 miles away. Sad this autumn, come with me for a hundred years, climb this high alone. "There is no problem in pronunciation in Mandarin, which is more appropriate. But as a metrical poem, rhyme is a hard requirement. We just know that the pronunciation at that time was rhyming, which does not prevent us from reading single sentences now.
In addition to leveling and rhyming, the formal requirements of metrical poems are also contradictory. Generally speaking, mandibular joint and neck joint are needed, but later, because it is too difficult, only neck joint is needed. But this song "Climbing Up" is correct in eight sentences.
After reading this poem, it seems that the first couplet and the last couplet are not right, and the two couplets in the middle are not reluctantly right. However, if you read it carefully, you will feel that "in a poem, every sentence is a rule, and in a sentence, every word is a rule". Not only can you learn the whole article, but every couplet is a antithesis. In the first couplet, the word "the wind is urgent" is opposite to "the sky is high", and "Zhu Qing" is opposite to "Sha Bai". The words are clever and unobtrusive, and the confrontation is harmonious and appropriate. This is great. Compared with Li Bai's vertical and horizontal cooperation, walking alone for thousands of miles is naturally another refreshing aesthetic feeling.
At this point, the template format analysis of regular poetry is completed. It is estimated that after reading it, you will know why this poem has such a lofty position in the seven-character poem. However, about poetry and grammar, we have not yet begun to understand.
The wind is strong and the sky is high.
This poem is divided into two parts. The first four sentences are about climbing mountains to see the scenery, and the last four sentences are about expressing feelings.
In the wild wind in the vast sky, apes are sobbing, and birds are flying home on the clear lake and white beach. Why are you in such a hurry? This is the characteristic of Kuizhou. The direction of Kuizhou is famous for its many apes, and the gorge is even more famous for its strong wind. Wind, sky, apes whistling, bamboo, sand and birds flying are six kinds of scenery, which are made in heaven and naturally paired. With the poet's sight, he turned from a height to a sandbar on the river. The water is clear and the sand is white, and the birds fly in the wind and hover back and forth, forming a beautiful picture. The scenery is interlocking but echoing each other, which is really a beautiful sentence.
Chin Association "leaves fall like the waves of a waterfall, and I watch the long river always roll forward" continues to write about scenery on the basis of antithesis and changes its writing style. It no longer just depicts the scenery, but captures the charm and begins to blend into its own feelings. Leaves rustling around us, and swift river in front of us. It is "boundless" and "endless" that make "rustling" and "rolling" more vivid, reminiscent of the endless sound of trees falling down and the momentum of rolling the Yangtze River, and naturally give birth to the turbulent sorrow of years passing by and unfulfilled ambitions. It means gloomy and sad, but the confrontation is very neat and magnificent, such as "a hundred rivers return to the sea", which is really a unique step in ancient and modern times.
Wan Li mourns autumn.
"I have come to three thousand miles away. Sad this autumn, with my hundred years of sorrow, I climbed this height alone "necklace was transformed into the situation of Ming and Syrian poets." "Sorrow for autumn" and "illness" are not only relative, but also logically related. Autumn is not necessarily sad, but it can be morbid and depressed, and sadness will naturally surge. At this point, I finally pointed out "autumn" and "staging" as footnotes for the scenery described above. At the same time, "Wan Li" and "Centennial" echo the "Boundless" and "Endless" of the Jaw Association. The poet's wandering anxiety and loneliness, depressed ambition and the return of the sick body are mapped into "rustling tree" and "rolling the Yangtze River", which are combined. Isn't this unique way of writing?
Tail couplet "fortunes frost temples, heartache tired wine dust thick" to undertake the neck couplet, ending in antithesis. Poets are down and out, but more and more white hair. He hopes to get drunk, but he can't drown his sorrows because of illness. It's hateful. Originally in high spirits, Chongyang climbed high, but because of this boundless autumn color, people fell into sadness. This hatred is really hard to get rid of. Poetry is the conclusion, but there is infinite sadness outside the poem.
Poet saint
This kind of sadness in the rivers and lakes conforms to the chaos of the great era and the sufferings of ordinary people, and also reflects Du Fu's concern for the country and the people, and does not violate the name of "poet sage".
After careful analysis, which metrical poem can surpass it in meter, antithesis, grammar, conception, image and realm?
"However, this poem should be the first of the seven-character laws in ancient and modern times."