Song of Everlasting Regret
Bai Juyi
The emperor of the Han Dynasty was obsessed with beauty and wanted to overwhelm the country, but he could not get it for many years.
A daughter of the Yang family has just grown up, and she is raised in a boudoir and no one knows her.
It’s hard to give up on natural beauty, once you choose it, you will be on the side of the king.
Looking back and smiling, the sixth palace has no color.
In the cold spring, bathe in Huaqing Pool, and the hot spring water will wash away the fat.
The waiter lifted up the weakling, it was the beginning of a new grace.
The flowers on the temples are swaying with golden steps, and the hibiscus tent is a warm spring night.
The spring night is short and the sun is rising. From now on, the king will not go to court early.
There is no leisure for Cheng Huan to serve banquets, and spring outings are devoted to all nights.
There are three thousand beauties in the harem, and three thousand people love them all.
The golden house is made up to serve as a charming servant at night, and the jade house is full of drunkenness and spring.
Sisters and brothers are all in the earth, poor and glorious.
This makes the hearts of parents all over the world not to be reborn as a boy, but to be reborn as a girl.
From the heights of Li Palace, blue clouds can be seen, and the wind of fairy music can be heard everywhere.
Slow singing, slow dancing, silk and bamboo, The king is not satisfied with it all day long.
The Yuyang Gong stirs the earth and breaks the colorful clothes and feathers.
Smoke and dust arose from the Jiuchong City Tower, and thousands of horses traveled southwest.
The green flowers waver and stop, more than a hundred miles west of the capital.
The six armies had no choice but to turn their eyebrows around and die in front of the horse.
The flowers are left to the ground but no one can collect them, and the green gorse jade scratches the head.
The king hid his face and could not be saved. Looking back, blood and tears flowed together.
The yellow leaves are scattered and the wind is rustling, and the clouds linger in the sword pavilion.
There are few people walking at the foot of Mount Emei, and the flags are dull and the sun is thin.
The water of the Shu River is green and the mountains of Shu are green, and the love of the Holy Lord is expressed day and night.
Seeing the moon in the palace makes me sad, and hearing the sound of broken bells in the rainy night.
The sky spins and the earth spins back to Long Yu, hesitating and unable to go.
In the soil at the foot of Mawei slope, there is no place where Yu Yan died.
The monarch and his ministers take care of each other and wear their clothes, and look east to the capital to return home.
When I return, the ponds and gardens are still the same, with lotuses and willows blooming in Taiye.
Hibiscus is like a face and willows are like eyebrows, how can I not shed tears about this.
The peach and plum blossoms bloom in the spring breeze, and the sycamore leaves fall in the autumn rain.
There are many autumn grasses in the south of the West Palace, and the fallen leaves are full of red leaves that are not swept away.
The disciples of Liyuan have new white hair, and the prisoner Qing'e of Jiaofang is old.
The fireflies in the evening palace are quietly thinking, and the solitary lamp has been exhausted before falling asleep.
The long night begins with bells and drums, and the stars are about to dawn.
The mandarin duck tiles are heavy with frost, and the emerald quilt is cold.
After so many years of separation between life and death, my soul never came to sleep.
Linqiong Taoist priests from Hongdu can reach the soul with their sincerity.
In order to appreciate the king's thoughts, he taught the alchemists to search diligently.
Empty and control the energy, it rushes like lightning, ascending to heaven and earth to seek for all.
The blue sky above and the yellow spring below fall, both places are nowhere to be seen.
Suddenly I heard that there was a fairy mountain on the sea, and the mountain was ethereal.
The exquisite pavilion is filled with five clouds, and there are many fairies among them.
There is a character in the book who is too true, with snow-skinned and colorful appearance.
Knock on the jade in the west chamber of the Golden Palace, and if you turn to the small jade, you will be rewarded with double success.
Hearing that the Emperor of Han Dynasty envoys, the dream soul in Jiuhua tent is frightened.
Wandering around with clothes and pillows in hand, the silver screen of pearls and foil spreads out.
The cloud bun is half-way up to sleep, and the flower crown is not neatly arranged when I come down to the hall.
The wind blows and the fairy mantle is fluttering, just like the dancing of colorful clothes and feathers.
The jade face is lonely and full of tears, and a branch of pear blossom brings rain in spring.
I look at the king lovingly, and my voice and appearance are blurred once I say goodbye.
There is endless love in Zhaoyang Palace, and the sun and moon grow long in Pengcai Palace.
Turning back and looking down at the world where people live, I can’t see Chang’an but the dust and mist.
Only the old things show my deep affection, and the tin alloy hairpin will be sent to the future.
Leave one strand of the hairpin to form a fan, break the gold hairpin into two halves.
But the heart of teaching is as strong as gold, and we will meet in heaven and on earth.
I sent my farewell message again with great care and sincerity, in which I vowed to know each other.
On July 7th, in the Hall of Eternal Life, in the middle of the night when no one was whispering.
In the sky, I wish to be a winged bird, and on earth, I wish to be a twig.
As time goes by, this hatred will last forever.
"Song of Everlasting Regret" is one of Bai Juyi's most popular poems. It was written in the first year of Yuanhe (806), when the poet was serving as a county captain in Wuxi County (now Zhouzhi, Shaanxi). This poem was composed when he and his friends Chen Hong and Wang Zhifu visited Xianyou Temple and were inspired by the stories of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei. In this long narrative poem, the author uses concise language, beautiful images, and a combination of narrative and lyrical techniques to describe the love tragedy of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei during the Anshi Rebellion: Their love was ruined by the rebellion they caused. We are endlessly eating the bitter pill of this spirit.
Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Concubine Yang were both historical figures. The poet did not stick to history, but relied on a little shadow of history, based on the legends of the people at that time and the songs of the neighbors, to create a twists and turns and moving story. Describe and sing it in a round and round, sentimental art form. Because the stories and characters in the poem are all artistic and are complex and true representations of people in reality, they can create ripples in the hearts of readers of all ages.
"Song of Everlasting Regret" is the song "Eternal Regret". "Eternal Regret" is the theme of the poem, the focus of the story, and a seed buried in the poem that affects people's hearts. As for what to "hate" and why to "eternally hate", the poet does not directly narrate and express it, but shows it to the readers layer by layer through the poetic stories in his writing, allowing people to figure out, savor, and understand for themselves. Feel.
The first sentence of the poem: "The Emperor of Han valued beauty and thought of his country." It seems very ordinary, as if the story should have started from here, and the author did not need to put any thought into it. In fact, These seven words are of great content and are the outline of the entire poem. They not only reveal the tragic elements of the story, but also evoke and guide the entire poem. Immediately afterwards, the poet used extremely frugal language to describe how Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty focused on and pursued beauty before the Anshi Rebellion, and finally got Yang Guifei, who "looked back and smiled with all her beauty, and the pink and white in the sixth palace have no color". It describes Yang Guifei's beauty and charm. After entering the palace, she was favored because of her beauty. Not only did she "newly inherit the favor", but her "sisters and brothers were all from the earth". It repeatedly exaggerates how Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty indulged in sexual pleasure, had fun, and indulged in singing, dancing, drinking, and sex in the palace after he got the imperial concubine. All of these led to the Anshi Rebellion: "The Yuyang Chao incited the earth to come, shocking the colorful clothes and feathers." This part writes the internal cause of "eternal hatred" and is the basis of the tragic story. Through this realistic period of palace life, the poet ironically introduces us to the hero and heroine of the story: an emperor who values ??sex over country, and a charming and doting concubine. It also vividly hints to us that Tang Xuanzong's lustful behavior was the root of this tragedy.
Below, the poet describes in detail the scene of the emperor's soldiers fleeing into the southwest in a hurry after the Anshi Rebellion, especially the destruction of the love between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei during this turmoil. "The six armies had no choice but to do nothing. They died in front of the horse with their eyebrows turned. The flowers and flowers left the ground without anyone to take it, and the green and green golden birds and jade scratched their heads. The king hid his face and could not save him. Looking back, the blood and tears flowed harmoniously." This is what they wrote in Mawei Poe's farewell scene. "The six armies did not send out" and demanded the death of Concubine Yang because he was angry that Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was infatuated with women and was causing harm to the country and the people. The death of Concubine Yang is a key plot in the whole story. After that, their love became a tragedy. Then, from "the yellow leaves are scattered in the wind and the wind is blowing" to "the soul never comes to dream", the poet It captures the heart-wrenching "hate" in the character's spiritual world, and uses a sour and touching tone to describe and describe Tang Xuanzong's loneliness and sorrow in Shu after the death of Yang Guifei. He also reminisces about the past on the road and sees things after returning to the palace. Thinking about people, touching scenes and feeling emotions, all kinds of feelings about things and people all year round. The lingering longing for lovesickness makes people feel heartbroken. Precisely because the poet exaggerates the emotions of the characters to such an extent, the arrival of the Taoist priests and the appearance of the fairyland later give people a sense of reality, and they no longer think it is just a castle in the air.
From "Linqiong Taoist Hongdu Guest" to the end of the poem, it is written that the Taoist helped Tang Xuanzong find Yang Guifei. The poet adopts a romantic approach, suddenly going up to the sky and suddenly down to the earth, "the blue sky above is poor and the yellow spring is below, and neither place can be seen". Later, Yang Guifei was found on the ethereal fairy mountain on the sea, and she reappeared in the fairyland in the image of "a jade face lonely with tears, a pear blossom with spring rain", and she enthusiastically welcomed the Han family's envoys. The poem reiterates the previous oath, reflects Tang Xuanzong's longing for her, and further deepens and exaggerates the theme of "everlasting regret". At the end of the poem, it ends with "It lasts for a long time and sometimes it ends, this hatred lasts forever", which points out the theme and responds to the beginning, and it is "clear and clear", giving readers room for association and aftertaste.
The first thing that gives us the enjoyment of artistic beauty in "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" is the touching and moving story in the poem, as well as the exquisite and unique artistic conception of the poem. The center of the whole article is the song "Eternal Regret", but the poet starts from the "heavy color" and tries his best to elaborate and exaggerate it. "The sun rises high", "does not go to bed early", "nights are full of nights", "not seen enough", etc., seem to be extremely happy, like a comedy scene. However, the extreme happiness reflects the endless hatred behind it. . Tang Xuanzong's debauchery harmed the country, which led to political tragedy, which in turn led to the love tragedy between him and Yang Guifei. The creator of the tragedy finally becomes the protagonist of the tragedy. This is a special and twisty part of the story, and it is also the reason why the hero and heroine in the poem have "eternal hatred". Many people have said in the past that "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" has an allegorical meaning, and this is where the allegorical meaning of this poem lies. So, how does the poet express "eternal hatred"? The poet's depiction of the death of Concubine Yang Guifei in Maweipo was extremely delicate, and he vividly expressed Tang Xuanzong's inner conflicts and painful feelings that he couldn't bear to part with but couldn't save. Because of this "bloody and tearful" farewell, there is that endless hatred. Subsequently, the poet used many pens and inks to repeatedly exaggerate Tang Xuanzong's longing for Yang Guifei from all aspects. However, the storyline of the poem did not stop at one emotional point, but followed the layers of the character's inner world, sensing his scenery. Constantly changing, moving time and the story forward, using the characters' thoughts and feelings to develop and promote the development of the plot.
Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty went to Shu after a farewell, and felt very sad and miserable in his heart. On the way back to Shu, he revisited old places, which brought back sad memories. After returning to the palace, he felt sad after seeing things during the day, and couldn't sleep at night. I thought about it day and night but couldn't get it, so I put my hope in dreams, but "it's been years since birth and death, and my soul has never come to dream." At this point in the poem, the "hate" of "everlasting regret" has been written very touchingly, and it seems that the story can end here. However, the poet changed his writing style, opened up a different realm, and with the help of the colorful wings of imagination, he conceived a charming and moving fairyland, pushing the plot of the tragic story to a climax, making the story more twists and turns, with ups and downs, and waves. This turn of events is both unexpected and reasonable. Due to the constant conflicts and collisions between subjective desires and objective reality, the poem vividly expresses the characters' ever-changing psychology, making the story more vivid and moving.
"Song of Everlasting Regret" is a narrative poem with a strong lyrical component. The poet uses the lyrical techniques that Chinese traditional poetry is good at in narrating stories and shaping characters, harmoniously combining narrative, scene description and lyricism. , forming the lyrical looping characteristics of poetry. The poet sometimes injects the characters' thoughts and feelings into the scenery, and uses the refraction of the scenery to highlight the characters' mood; sometimes he captures the characteristic scenery and things around the characters, and expresses the inner feelings through the characters' feelings about them, rendering them layer by layer, just right. It expresses the difficult-to-reach feelings deep in the heart of the characters. On the way Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled to the southwest, there were yellow dust, plank roads, and high mountains everywhere. The sun was dim, the flags were dull, and the autumn scenery was desolate. This is a sad autumn scenery to highlight the sadness of the characters. In the land of Shu, facing the green mountains and green waters, I still can't forget my love day and night. The mountains, mountains and rivers in Shu are originally very beautiful, but in the eyes of the lonely and sad Tang Xuanzong, the "green" of the mountains and the "blue" of the water are not the same. It makes people sad. The beauty of nature should be enjoyed in a peaceful state of mind, but he doesn't, so it only increases the pain in his heart. This is to write about sadness through beautiful scenery, making the emotion deeper. The moonlight in the palace and the ringing of bells in the rainy night are already very sultry. The poet captures these ordinary but characteristic things and brings people into a sad and heartbroken state. In addition, the sight and smell, the color One sound, intertwined with each other, and the language and tone also show the character's inner sorrow and desolation, which is another level. On the way back to Dudu, "the world was spinning", which was originally a happy thing, but the old things were over again, and the beautiful face was gone, and I couldn't help but shed tears of sadness. The narrative adds another layer of painful memories. After returning to Chang'an, "When I came back, the ponds and gardens were all the same. The hibiscus in Taiye was like the willows. The hibiscus was like the face and the willows were like the eyebrows. How could I not shed tears at this?" During the day, due to the triggering of the environment and scenery, I associate the scenery with the people. The scenery remains the same, but the people are gone. I can't help but burst into tears. I seem to see the appearance of Concubine Yang from the hibiscus flowers in Taiye Pond and the weeping willows in Weiyang Palace. It reveals the extremely complex and subtle inner activities of the characters. "The fireflies in the palace are quietly thinking about each other in the evening, and the solitary lamps are all lit up before they can fall asleep. The bells and drums are beginning to ring in the long night, and the stars are about to dawn." Written from dusk to dawn, it focuses on the scene of being haunted by emotions at night and being unable to fall asleep for a long time. This kind of bitter longing is like this "when the peach and plum blossoms bloom in the spring breeze", and it is also like this in "the autumn rain when the sycamore leaves fall". When I saw that the "Liyuan Disciples" and "Ajian Qing'e" from those years had turned gray and faded, which aroused my longing for the joys of the past, I felt sad. From the loose yellow leaves to the green mountains of Shu, from the rainy night in the palace to the triumphant return, from day to night, from spring to autumn, I touch things and feel sad everywhere, and think about people when I see things, repeatedly exaggerating the suffering of the protagonist in the poem from all aspects Pursuit and search. If you can't find it in real life, go to the dream to find it. If you can't find it in the dream, go to the fairyland to find it. Such ups and downs and layers of rendering make the characters' emotions spiral and rise to a climax. It is through such layers of rendering that the poet repeatedly expresses emotions and goes back and forth to make the characters' thoughts and feelings deeper and richer, making the poems "delicate in texture" and more artistically appealing.
As an eternal narrative poem, "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" has a high artistic achievement. Throughout the ages, many people have affirmed the special artistic charm of this poem. How does "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" artistically infect and seduce readers? It is perhaps its greatest artistic feature, its melodiousness and pathos, and it is also its power that has attracted readers for thousands of years, making them infected and seduced.