The eight diseases mentioned in Wen Jing and Mi Fei are ancient terms about poetic temperament. This was put forward by Liang in the Southern Dynasties, and it is also a defect in the application of the four tones.
It refers to eight disadvantages that should be avoided in poetry, namely, flat head, tail, bee waist, crane knee, big rhyme, small rhyme, side button and straight button. It is of positive significance to increase the aesthetic feeling of poetry art form and enhance the artistic effect of poetry, but it also brings some disadvantages.
This indicates that China's ancient poetry began to move from "archaic" poetry, the product of primitive natural art, to "modern poetry" of artificial art.
Extended data
Advantages and disadvantages of "eight diseases"
Shen Yue said that he was criticized by Zhong Rong and others at that time. Song's "Cang Shi Style" also said: "There is no need to stop writing poems, and the disadvantages are unfounded." Terminology of dual poetry. Refers to the duality of words and phrases in poetry. Can be two sentences relative, can also be a sentence relative. Duals generally use the same sentence patterns and parts of speech.
As a requirement of metrical poetry, the middle of metrical poetry must be a antithesis, and the first pair and the second pair are not necessarily antithesis. But there are also changes, either the neck joint is not relative or the tail joint is relative; The first couplet is rare. Quatrains are not necessarily opposites, but sometimes they are even sentences. Terms of rhythm in Gong Dui's poems.
Duality must use the same kind of parts of speech, such as noun to noun, pronoun to pronoun, adjective to adjective, adverb to lyrics, function word to function word. In ancient times, nouns were divided into astronomy, seasonality, geography, utensils, clothing, diet, stationery, literature, vegetation, birds and animals, insects and fish, physique, personnel and human relations. Strictly speaking, duality, part of speech and part of speech should be relative, which is called work pair.
Baidu encyclopedia-eight diseases
A boy stuck to me as soon as I entered the garden gate. He is about eleven or twelve years old, wearing a red vest and blue shorts with a drooping belt; All dirty, like a small landowner. Hairy crew cut and small round white face remind me of dandelions. He wandered around in front of me like a moth on fire, craning his neck to look at my spotlight.
2. My sister just entered the first grade of primary school. She is smart, sensible, good at singing and dancing, and very cute. Also, pigtails are upturned, two black eyes are rippling, two faces are red, and two eyebrows are getting thinner and thinner. She began to sing, her thin black eyebrows were raised one by one, her black eyes looked at the distance affectionately, and her two open little hands seemed to be wings, trying to fly beyond the cloud nine.
3. Eight diseases in ancient poetry, flat head, tail, bee waist, crane knee, big rhyme and small rhyme, what does the new buckle mean? First, a flat head
"One or two" in the previous sentence shall not be synchronized with "one or two" in the following sentence. For example, the ancient poem "Today's good feast is full of joy." "Today" and "Huan" are synchronous, "Day" and "Le" are synchronous and so on.
Second, the tail
The last word of the previous sentence must not be synchronized with the last word of the next sentence. For example, the ancient poem "There are tall buildings in the northwest and clouds in the sky." "Lou" and "Qi" are both flat sounds and the like.
Third, the bee waist.
The second word in a sentence cannot appear at the same time as the fifth word. It is also big at both ends and small in the middle, like the shape of a bee's waist. For example, the word "harmony" in the ancient poem "Farewell to Jun Jiu" is the same.
Fourth, crane knee
The last word of the first sentence should not appear at the same time as the last word of the third sentence. It is also thin at both ends and thick in the middle, like the shape of a crane knee. Such as the ancient poem "New Soviet Union", the original link:
4. Poetry about ambition 1. Since God has given talents, let them be used! , spin one thousand silver, all come back! . -Li Bai's "Into the Wine"
Interpretation: It means that when God gave birth to me, there must be something for me to complete. When the money is used up, these scattered things will come back later.
2. Smile at the sky and go out. Are we Artemisia people? -Li Bai's "Nanling children don't go to Beijing"
Interpretation: How can you bury the people and do nothing when you are away from home and covered in poetry and books?
One day, I will ride the wind and waves, sail straight and cross the deep sea. -Li Bai's "It's hard to go to me"
Interpretation: The day will come when the ideal will be realized. I will show my talent and make great achievements.
4. the yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, and the broken loulan does not return. -Wang Changling's "Seven Military Services, the Fourth"
Interpretation: The Great Wall has worn through its helmet and armor in many battles, and it will never return if it does not defeat the enemies of the West.
5. The country is still broken, why should I cherish it? -Ji Hongchang's "Yi Poetry"
Interpretation: I hate not dying against Japan, and I hate not being ashamed today. The country is still so broken, why should I cherish this head
1. Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that other mountains are short in the sky ... —— Du Fu, "How majestic Mount Wang is!
Interpretation: I must climb the top of Mount Tai and overlook the mountains, which will be extremely small.
2. Bow like a full moon, look northwest and shoot Sirius. -Su Shi's "Jiangchengzi Mizhou Hunting"
Interpretation: I will try my best to fill in the carved bow, aim at the northwest and bravely shoot the enemy Sirius.
3. if you want to eliminate disasters for saints, you are willing to decline and cherish the old. -Han Yu's "Moving to the Left to Show Grandnephew"
Interpretation: I originally wanted to remove things harmful to society for the emperor. How should I care about my declining years?
Andrew's long wings are like clouds, and I am inspired by the wind. -Han Yu's Tribal Tiger
Interpretation: how can you grow big wings like clouds, flap your wings in the wind and go straight to the sky!
5. I smile to the sky from the horizontal knife, and I will stay in my courage. -Tan Sitong's The Wall of Prison
Interpretation: As long as heroism is left behind, I will laugh in the face of death.
Sentence describing the boy's appearance 1. He is about thirteen or fourteen years old. A small black and fat face with a pointed nose. Long hair, I haven't cut it for a long time A pair of big eyes are shining under thick eyebrows, and black eyes are turning proudly.
The bush was pushed away and a child's head stuck in. This is a boy, about twelve or thirteen years old, with a dark, thin face and dusty hair about two inches long. It's a mess. It looks like a magpie nest.
Tweety is a beautiful girl, and she is famous in the mountains near here. She spends every day in the wind and rain, but she won't wither, her face is white and her eyebrows are clear. When you smile, your mouth flaps like a calm meniscus, and when you speak, your voice sounds like an oriole's hoof.
A boy stuck to me as soon as I entered the garden gate. He is about eleven or twelve years old, wearing a red vest, blue shorts and a drooping belt. All dirty, like a small landowner. Hairy crew cut and small round white face remind me of dandelions. He wandered around in front of me like a moth on fire, craning his neck to look at my spotlight.
5. This surprised me. Looking up, I saw a 12-year-old girl sitting high on a branch, holding a harmonica in her hand and preparing to play. She is wearing a lux cashmere sweater and a pea-green skirt. Two little feet in lux shoes are hanging and pulling, which is very comfortable. Her pigtail head leans on her right shoulder, her big watery eyes blink at me, and her nose is slightly upturned, revealing a naughty look. As soon as you see her, you will like her from the bottom of your heart.
6. Xiao Ju is fourteen years old this year, but his figure is not high, his arms are still so small, his cheekbones are still protruding, and his ten fingers are like a pile of dead bamboo branches, which seems to be broken when folded; Because she is thin, she looks very light.
7. Jianhua has a uniform figure, neither fat nor thin. His black hair is combed into two slender braids, his ruddy oval face, big round eyes and two deep dimples on his cheeks are lively and lovely.
There are two country children in our yard. One is my sister, with pigtails and a little flower jacket. One is a younger brother with hair on his forehead, like a teapot lid.
9. Xiaomaha (Mongolian), with fine features, red lips and white teeth, round face, high nose, black curls, is quite handsome. It's just that the ears are long and ugly, but the old people all say it's a "Buddha statue". They are blessed.
10, that's a skinny boy with fine eyes. Especially those eyes bigger than ordinary people, shining with wisdom. He dragged his clogs, a shabby green uniform hanging down to his knees.
1 1. My sister is ten years old this year and is in the third grade of primary school. On her red face, a pair of big eyes are smart. Black hair, two curved eyebrows, like a crescent moon. One of her white teeth is missing. When she smiles, she becomes an open tooth, which is very cute.
12, Li Zhou, the second hurdle, is the best lesbian student in our class. She has dark skin, small round eyes and thin lips. My grandmother said that people with thin lips can talk, which is true. Li Zhou talks like a machine gun. Whenever she speaks, the big furry brush at the back of her head is still swaggering. When she saw me with Shi, she curled her lips and said rudely, "Shi is hitting a bodyguard."
13. My brother is a fifth-grade primary school student. Round head, chubby face, a pair of big eyes, laughing, there are two small dimples in the corner of his mouth. He is about my height, and some people think we are twins. In fact, he just turned ten, three years younger than me.
14, I looked this Xiao Qiang brother up and down. His short and fat figure is half a head shorter than mine. There are a pair of small squints on the dark face, which is embarrassing. When his mother asked him, he blushed and looked rustic. I really looked down on him.
6. Sentences or words describing the head He is seven years old. He is neither tall nor thin, but he looks very energetic.
He has short hair, a handsome face with bright black eyes and a high nose like a carrot. People who have been to his house say that he has good features and is a good-looking boy.
My sister is very cute. She has been three months. A few days ago, it was my sister's centenary birthday. My mother drove her little sister to "Love You Baby" and took some photos.
My sister has a pair of sparkling eyes, a bulging face and a very small mouth. She has a pair of lovely ears, and a pair of small hands clenched their fists and swayed from time to time.
Look! That meaty little foot like steamed bread is so cute! I love my sister. My favorite classmate is Geng Hao, a handsome boy. Look! He is not tall, but he looks strong. His arms and legs are like ripe corn cobs.
He likes to wear a coat without buttons, and he says, "That will be more imposing." Geng Hao's head is round, his red face is round, and coincidentally, his shiny black eyes are round.
I like his smile best. When he laughed, his black eyes turned into two crescent moons. His little red mouth likes telling jokes. His jokes always make us laugh until the end, and then the curved crescent moon appears again.
My father is the first mate of the merchant ship of ocean shipping company. He is very tall, his yellowish hair is naturally curly, his white square face is embedded with a pair of smart eyes, and his nose is particularly big under his high nose.
When I was a child, I often looked at his nostrils and asked, "Dad, why are your nostrils so big?" He always answers with a smile; "Choose a horse with a big nose, because a horse with a big nose runs fast. Dad was a sprint champion at school when he was a child. Do not believe you ask your mother. "
At this time, my mother and I will look at his big nostrils and laugh. Dad is thin, of medium build, with a pair of modest eyes and a flat head. His high nose looks more energetic.
The chiseled lips are covered with whiskers like steel needles. Dad has a lot of knowledge. He often tells me many amazing and interesting science stories and tries to exercise me in many ways.
There is such a little boy in our class. He is not tall, his body is like a small tree, and his limbs are like fresh shoots. His thin body bears a big head, which really worries people whether his weak body can hold on. His face is very white, and the most striking thing is his big watery eyes, which are wide and round. Sometimes it really reminds people of the Monkey King's critical eyes in The Journey to the West.
People say, "The eyes are the windows to the soul." His big head is full of rich knowledge, which is enviable.
He also has a clever little mouth, red, and sings a beautiful song! Do you know him? Want to know who he is? He is Wang Yuxi from our class. My cousin is five years old this year. Although she is only five years old, sometimes I don't know, so I have to give her three points.
Cousin is very cute, with two dimples on her chubby face. Sometimes when we smile at her, she will say, "I know what you are laughing at. You are laughing at my dimples. "
With that, he poked her dimples with chubby fingers, looking very proud. The most attractive thing about my cousin is her eyes. Her black eyes are so big that they almost occupy the whole eyeball. They are dark and seem to have no end in sight.
When she asks you for something, she looks at you with pleading eyes, and your heart suddenly softens. She will give you whatever she wants. My mother works as a teacher in a health school.
She has big bright eyes under her bushy eyebrows and a nagging mouth under her straight nose, but she has a caring heart in her chest. Teacher Sun is the math teacher in our class.
She is of medium height and looks like 35 years old. An amiable face, always so kind.
The eyes seen from those black-rimmed glasses are always so bright and kind. Her language is always so profound, so wonderful and makes people laugh.
The female teacher's surname is Song. Because she is young, she is only 20 years old at most. So we all call her Miss Song, and some female students kindly call her Big Sister. Teacher Xiao Song is tall and dressed simply.
There are two arch eyebrows on the face of melon seeds, a pair of bright and sharp eyes embedded under the arch eyebrows, and a glib mouth. Teacher Xiao Song tied two long ponytails and dragged them to his shoulders.
Feng Cheng is a classmate in our class. He is not tall and his eyes are big and bright. In particular, he has two big ears and two thick lips, just like a big clock.
To this end, the students gave him a nickname-"Big Clock". Coincidentally, since the second grade, Feng Cheng has kept the classroom open and locked in the class every day, just like ringing a bell. This nickname is called "Open".
Zhang Shan, my deskmate, is very delicate and watery, but she ended up with the nickname "Zhang Luneng". Li became a member of the Health Committee of the "Second Bar" because she was nosy.
Although she is small and short, her voice is very high. No matter who did something wrong, she will get to the bottom of it and make you apologize.
Therefore, I secretly changed her name to "Mera". The classroom stopped talking as soon as the invigilator came in.
He has a high nose, bright eyes embedded under long black eyebrows and a thick beard under his nose, which makes people know that he is a strict invigilator. He glanced at the classroom and then began to speak: "Students, today is the time for you to report your primary school results to your motherland. Do the problem carefully, and don't be careless at all. After receiving the test paper, you should see the questions clearly, don't glance left and right, whisper, answer questions carefully, and strive for good results. "
My father is a humorous person. Dad is short and thin, with white skin and black hair, and that curly "big wave" hairstyle. Anyone who sees him will think that he has permed his hair in the barber shop.
His colleagues say that he is a fallen Christian, and I think so. Artist, a famous binding artist in five provinces of Central and South China. His solo exhibition was well received by many celebrities.
He is also a funny man, especially fond of joking. I wonder if they are all artists.
7. That poem about free and easy looks at Yuhang in the east, and the sea of clouds is boundless.
I don't know when I became famous, come back brilliantly and laugh with you. Don't use wine to tell the feelings of parting. There has always been another reason for the wedding banquet.
Flowers will take you there tonight, walk across the pond, and see tears in a trance like yang hu. It's you, Yang. A flute and a sword make a dash for the rivers and lakes, and a pot of eternal hatred for wine! Two feet turn into earthly roads, and heaven covers the earth. I want to go to heaven from the west and I will see the moon twice. I don't know where to stay tonight. Pingsha, Wan Li, leave me. Those who left yesterday can't stay. People who disturb my heart today are more troublesome. Autumn geese are escorted by Changfeng, and I treat them in this villa and drink my wine.
The bones of great writers are all your brushes. In Tianyuan, I grew up beside you, Xiao Xie. We all yearn for the distance and want to go to the blue sky to embrace the bright moon.
But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with our swords and raise our glasses to drown our sorrows. Since the world can't respond to our desire, I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and each string has a youthful interval in the Ming Dynasty.
Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was bewitched by butterflies, and cuckoo crowed in the imperial spring. Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun.
A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it. Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he wants to go, and never point his golden cup at the moon empty! .
Since God has given talents, let it go and be hired! As for the money, although it is scattered, it will get together again. Qiu Lai is very concerned about him, but he is not ashamed of Ge Hong for cinnabar. Crazy songs, empty life, who is domineering? .
8. A sentence or poem about self-reliance 1. Long-term cadre Li Bai
My hair barely covers my forehead. I am picking flowers and paying by my door.
When you, my love, ride a bamboo horse, run in circles and throw your childhood.
We live in an alley in Qingkan. We are all young and happy.
When I was fourteen, I became your wife, and I was too shy to laugh.
I bowed my head and went to the dark corner, unwilling to pay attention to your thousands of calls.
But at the age of fifteen, I raised my eyebrows and laughed, knowing that no dust can seal our love.
Even to death, I will wait for you in my post, and I will not lose heart in the silent watchtower.
When I was sixteen years old, you embarked on a long journey, crossing the Qingtang Canyon full of rocks and swirling water.
Then in the fifth month, I couldn't help it anymore. The ape shouted in the sky.
I looked at the place where you walked, your footprints in front of our door, each hidden under the green moss.
Hiding under the moss is too deep to sweep away, and the first autumn wind adds leaves.
Now, in the eighth month, yellow butterflies, two by two, are hovering on the grass in our western garden.
Because of all this, my heart is broken, and I am worried that my bright cheeks will fade.
Oh, finally, when you come back through three Pa areas, send me a message home in advance! .
I'll pick you up, and I won't mind the distance, all the way to Sha Changfeng.
I remember in my boudoir, I don't know the smoke.
Marry a long-term cadre, and the sand will wait for the wind.
The south wind starts in May, and I want you to go to Baling.
The west wind rises in August, and I want you to carry it forward.
How about being sad? You see less and leave more.
When I arrived in Xiangtan a few days ago, my dream became more and more turbulent.
Last night, the wind was so strong that it broke the trees on the river.
Simon Simon is dark, where there are pedestrians.
Good riding clouds, Li Zhu Landong.
Yuanyang Qingpu, Yujinping.
Self-pity for more than fifteen, the color is peach blossom red.
As a businesswoman, she is worried about water and wind.
Li Chi Ngai of Boolean Operators
I live in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and you live in the lower reaches.
I miss you every day, but I can't see you, so I drink Yangtze River water.
The water of the Yangtze River flows eastward for a long time, and I don't know when it will stop, and neither will their lovesickness and parting hatred.
I only hope that your heart is the same as mine, and you will not live up to this mutual yearning.
Become evil
Evil!
I want to know you,
Live a long life and never give up.
There is no mausoleum in the mountains, and the river is exhausted.
Thunder and earthquake in winter, rain and snow in summer,
Heaven and earth are one, but dare to separate from you!
4. Qin Songer Sima Xiangru.
Feng Feng returned to his hometown and traveled around the world looking for his emperor.
I didn't know what to do when I didn't meet Xi. Why don't I go to Sishang today?
There are beautiful women in the boudoir, and the people in the room are poisoning my intestines.
Why do you want to be a mandarin duck, and it is soaring!
Emperor Xi Xi lives with me. He must be a princess forever.
Who knows in the middle of the night?
My wings fly high, and I feel sad when I think about them.
5. Queqiao Xianqin Hall
Bo Yunqiao, flying stars spread hatred,
Yin and Han are both dark.
As soon as the golden wind and the jade dew meet,
There are countless people in the world.
Tender as water, ritual like a dream,
Endure the magpie bridge and return home.
If the relationship is long,
Are you still here, day and night?
6 Jiangchengzi Su Shi
Ten years of life and death are two boundless.
Never think, never forget.
A lonely grave thousands of miles away, desolate and nowhere to talk about.
Even if we don't know each other when we meet,
Face covered with dust, temples like frost.
When night came, my dream suddenly came home.
Xiao Xuan window, get dressed.
Care for each other without words, only a thousand lines of tears
It is expected that the heartbreak will break every year.
Moonlight night, short matsuoka.
7. Yan Dao Ji's partridge
Colorful sleeves diligently hold the jade clock,
Those days, I was drunk and red.
Dancing low in the center of the willow building,
Song is the bottom wind of peach blossom fan.
From parting, remembering meeting,
A few times, I dreamed of being with you.
There is only one silver plaque left tonight,
I'm afraid meeting is a dream.