The first song:
Seeing friends off in the mountains, Chai Men is half hidden at sunset.
Spring grass is green every year, but what about you, my friend Prince? .
order
Farewell in the Mountains is the work of Wang Wei, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. This poem is written to bid farewell to friends, expressing the feeling of being reluctant to part with friends. The theme is common, but the idea is unique. Its most striking feature is not the word "farewell", but what it does and thinks after farewell, which expresses the poet's expectation of meeting his friends when the spring grass returns to green in the next year. The language of the whole poem is simple and natural, with deep and sincere feelings, originality and thought-provoking.
To annotate ...
(1) Mask: Close. Chai Fei: Chai Men.
(2) Next year: a "year after year".
(3) Wang Sun: the son of a noble person, here referring to sending away his friend. The last two sentences are translated into the meaning of the sentence "Wang Sun's wanderer does not return, spring grass grows and warblers fly" in "Chu Ci Zhao Hermit".
translate
Farewell to friends in the mountains, the sunset half masks Chai Men. Spring grass will give birth to new green next year, friend, can you give it back to me?
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This poem "Farewell in the Mountain" did not write a farewell scene from the pavilion, but was ingenious and chose a completely different point from ordinary farewell poems.
The first sentence of the poem, "Friend, I have watched you go down the mountain", tells the reader to say goodbye at the beginning, and uses a seemingly unemotional word "ba" to brush off the farewell scene and feelings. Here, from farewell to sending away, we skipped for a while. The second sentence, "I still closed my thatched door until now", was written during the day when pedestrians were sent away, and it took longer. When the poet connects his life with poetry, he cuts off the feelings and thoughts of those who bid him farewell during this time and regards it as a dark field.
The second sentence, "I closed my thatched door in the dark until now", does not write the scene of saying goodbye to my friends, nor does it exaggerate the environment and atmosphere when I leave, but only writes the act of covering Chai Fei in the evening after saying goodbye to my friends. Anyone who has experienced parting knows that the moment when pedestrians are about to leave is really depressing, but a sense of loneliness and disappointment often becomes more and more intense in the evening after parting. There must be a lot to write in this most difficult moment of parting and sorrow; But only one gesture of "Gai Chai Fei" is written in the poem. This is a very common thing that mountain people do at dusk every day, and it seems to have nothing to do with the farewell during the day. The poet links these two unrelated things together, so that the repeated actions every day show different meanings from the past, thus expressing feelings between the lines and seeing sadness between the lines. It makes the poet feel lonely and lonely, so he will naturally recall the voices and smiles of his friends, and his' joy' will emerge in front of him when he is in the mountains. At the same time, he will certainly imagine the whereabouts of his friends after coming out of the mountain, and he will look forward to their early return and reunion. In short, although the poet is in Chai Fei, his heart is outside Chai Fei. But the poet didn't say all this directly, so that readers can understand it from the details of the action of "shielding Chai Fei". If there is "blank" in a poem, it is chewy.
The first two sentences of this poem are a foil, and the last two sentences are the main body of expression. The third and fourth sentences of this poem "The grass turns green again in spring, but what about you, my friend Prince?" It is transformed from the words "Jun and Sun swim and don't return, spring grass grows and flowers grow" in "Chu Ci Zhao Hermit". However, Fu lamented that the wanderer had been gone for a long time, and these two poems would never come back when they broke up with pedestrians.
These two sentences use the meaning of "Chu ci Zhao recluse", but they don't feel like allusions at all, but they feel like affectionate words flowing naturally from the poet's heart. The allusions here are not only appropriate, but also flexible and ingenious. Wang Sun in "The Songs of Chu Recruit Hermits" is in the mountain where he stayed for a long time. The author of Ci wanted to recruit him to leave the mountain and go home, but Wang Weishi hoped his friend would come back to the mountain with his meaning. "Chu Ci Zhao Hermit" laments the wanderer's long separation, and on the day when Wang Weishi broke up with the pedestrian, he may never return. "Songs of the South Calling a Hermit" uses direct exclamatory sentences, while Wang Wei uses interrogative tone, which conveys more subtle and rich feelings.
As a question, "return" should have been raised to pedestrians at the time of parting, but it floated to people's hearts here when pedestrians had gone and closed at dusk, becoming a suspense that no one cared about. This is not the usual farewell speech, but the heartfelt expression after "farewell", which shows that the people in the poem are still shrouded in thoughts until dusk. Although I just broke up, I am looking forward to coming back soon, but I am afraid that I will not come back for a long time. As I said before, there are two periods from farewell to farewell, from "farewell" to "shielding Chai Fei". Here, I bid farewell to the evening of Sunday, think of the spring grass in the coming year, and ask if I will come back then. This is another jump from now to the future, and the jump time is longer. The word "can't go home" has the meaning of worrying, suspecting that friends will not come back after going, and expecting friends to come back next spring. Before Wang Wei, the poem "Reward An" written by Xie Tiao in Nanqi also used the sentence meaning of "Chu Ci Zhao Hermit" and wrote the sentence "Spring grass is greener in autumn, and the son has not died in the west".
The third sentence "Spring grass turns green", some books: "Spring grass turns green every year." In contrast, "Spring grass turns green" is more exciting. It's the epigram of the whole poem. This sentence describes the green of spring grass imagined by the poet in Chai Fei, which makes the whole poem colorful, picturesque and interesting, while the poet hopes that his friends will come back next spring to enjoy the deep affection of the mountains and have vivid and beautiful images to support them. The word "green" is poetic, and the word "bright" is wonderful.
This farewell poem did not bid farewell to the pavilion, but went one step further and wrote down the hope of reunion after parting. This is beyond the general farewell poem. At the beginning, the farewell scene was hidden, and the feeling of going home after saying goodbye became stronger and stronger, paving the way for the meaning of expecting it to come again. So I thought that the spring grass was green again, but it was difficult to return to people. The feeling of parting is beyond words. Heart inside, taste outside, really ingenious, superior.
Wang Wei is good at extracting seemingly ordinary materials from life and expressing deep and sincere feelings in simple and natural language, which is fascinating. This poem "Farewell in the Mountains" goes like this.
The second song:
I got off the horse, poured you wine and asked where you were going and why.
You said you would go back to Zhongnanshan because you were not proud of your life.
Just left, I want to ask again, look at the white clouds floating.
translate
Please come down and have a drink. I want to ask you where you are going. You said you were frustrated in your official career and wanted to live in seclusion in the border of Nanshan. Let's go. I won't ask again. White clouds are endless, enough to entertain themselves.
Distinguish and appreciate
This is a poem to send a friend into seclusion. On the surface, the sentence is dull, but in fact it is thin and tasteless, but the text is simple and profound. The first two sentences of the poem narrate and write the farewell wine, which leads to the following questions. Three or four sentences explain the reason why friends quit the race-"unsuccessful". Five or six sentences are comfort to friends, envy of seclusion, and denial of fame and wealth.
The whole poem is about seclusion, so as to belittle fame and express feelings of intoxicated white clouds and self-pursuit. The last two sentences of the poem are full of charm, poetry, envy and infinite emotion.