The Mystery of "Jinse" through the Ages —— On Li Shangyin's Poems of "Jinse" ★ Li Shangyin, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty who was called "Xiao" by Du Mu, wrote many well-known poems in his life, especially "Reunion after a long separation, let alone reunion, the east wind rises and flowers fall, the silkworm dies, and the candle lights up at night ...". Li Shangyin's untitled poems are really a must. The so-called "untitled" refers to the poet's use of untitled famous articles because he doesn't want to make it clear. In addition, some poets imitate the method of The Book of Songs and take the first word of the poem as the title, but the title can't sum up the main idea of the whole poem. Such poems still belong to the category of "untitled". The first poem in Li Shangyin's poetry collection is entitled "Jinse", which is also an untitled work. Because of its flowery words, lingering feelings, blurred scenes and profound meanings, there has always been a debate about what is the center of poetry. According to legend, Huang Tingjian, the founder of Jiangxi Poetry School in Song Dynasty, found it difficult to understand after reading Jinse, and even asked his teacher Su Dongpo for advice. It can be seen that this poem has become the "Goldbach conjecture" in the literary world for more than 1000 years. The original poem goes like this: I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, each with a youthful interval. Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was bewitched by butterflies, and cuckoo crowed in the imperial spring. Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun. A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it! Every couplet in this poem is hazy. The first two sentences, listening to the complicated strings of Jinse, thinking about the past; The sound is complicated and confusing, so it's hard to say. Qian Qian's ten thousand memories and nine soulful songs form the multi-level hazy connotation of the poem. Zhuan Xu wrote that Du Yu turned into a bird from Zhuang Zhou Meng Die. In an illusory dream, Zhuang Zhou suddenly "dreams are butterflies, and butterflies are vivid." Suddenly I woke up again. "A week, then." I wonder if Zhou Zhimeng is a butterfly. Is the butterfly's dream a week? "This is a hazy dream. Du Yu looked at the emperor and became a cuckoo after his death. Every year in late spring and March, he cries for courtship, bleeding in his mouth and crying. What is written here is an ethereal and illusory bird. Poets write dreams and grievances, but what they want to express is the sadness and resentment in the hazy inner world. With tearful and poetic eyes, pearls and jadeite are written on the neckline. The moon is a pearl in the sky, like a bright moon in water; The bright moon falls between the seas, and pearls are bathed in tears-forming a hazy fairyland where pearls and tears are hard to understand for a month. The next sentence is the hazy scene of "Lantian is warm and fertile, and it can't be abandoned before it is imminent." "Throughout the All-China Federation, it is written that Yin and Yang are warm and cold, and jade is beautiful. Although the realm is different, disappointment is one. The hazy natural scenery reflects the hazy emotional world. The last sentence is a multi-level and tortuous analysis of the emotional world: such feelings have become an unbearable past at present, but how frustrating it was at the beginning! After reading the complete poem, we will find out: is the object pursued by the poet through expressing his feelings and devoting himself to love a lover or a political goal that fascinates him and urges him to devote himself? There is nothing explicit or implicit in this poem. The poet handed the greatest "confusion" to the reader. Generally speaking, Jinse can't be a "self-study poem". But there are also many people who deliberately seek depth and try to discover the so-called "secret" of this poem. Some people think that Li Shangyin "married the king at the age of twenty-five, which means that his wife is the same age, and his husband and wife are twenty-five, which is suitable for guqin." Some people think that "Jinse was the name of the aristocrat who loved Ji at that time." "Or Yun Jinse, the concubine of Linghu Chu. They asserted that Jinse was a work mourning women. However, many people disagree with this profound explanation. Su Dongpo's interpretation of the poem Jinse not only takes care of the relationship between the four middle sentences of the whole poem and Jinse, but also summarizes the complex thoughts and feelings that have been soaked for fifty years. He said, "This is ancient and modern music. Yun Jinse is also a musical instrument. Its string is fifty, its column is like this, and its sound is appropriate, resentful, clear and harmonious. Such as: "Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, butterfly bewitch" is just right; The king's longing for love is crying and complaining; Mermaids shed pearl-like tears in the moonlight green sea "is also very clear; The blue fields are breathing their emeralds to the sun. But for Li Shangyin, these four poems expressing the overall feelings of "comfort, resentment, purity and harmony" should have their specific significance. The so-called "Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, Butterfly bewitched" contains the element of "confusion" in "fitness", which is limited by the poem "at that time"; The so-called "Lantian is breathing its own jade against the sun", in the "harmony", gave birth to a short-lived hope and final disillusionment, but also limited by "the melancholy at that time." We can't help but see that there seems to be traces of "Rex Sacrifice" in the middle of Li Shangyin's poem "Jinse". Every poem written by people in the Tang and Song Dynasties begins with a good sentence and then becomes an article, which naturally increases the difficulty of finding a solution. Yuan Haowen in the Jin Dynasty had a long-standing theory about Jinse: Wang's longing for love was cooing, and a beautiful woman was complaining about China's New Year. Poets always love Quincy, but hate that no one writes about Jian Zheng. His views should be quite insightful. References:
/main/show_special.asp？ id= 14