Author: Li Bai era: Tang Dynasty
A bright moon rises from Qilian Mountain and crosses the vast sea of clouds.
The mighty wind blew Wan Li and crossed Yumen Pass.
At that time, Han soldiers pointed at the mountain road, and Tubo coveted the vast territory of Qinghai.
This is a land of wars in past dynasties, and few soldiers can survive.
The garrison soldier looked at the remote border town, and his hometown could not help but look sad.
The soldier's wife looked at the tower and lamented when she would see her relatives far away.
Appreciate:
This poem describes the scenery of frontier fortress, the experience of garrison soldiers, the pain of turning to garrison soldiers and the homesickness of women. The description at the beginning is for rendering, paving the way for the back, and the focus is on the feelings caused by the moon.
"Guan Shanyue" is an old topic in Yuefu. An Interpretation of Yuefu Ancient Poems: "'Guan Shanyue' grieves for his death." This poem of Li Bai inherits the ancient Yuefu in content, but it has been greatly improved.
The first four sentences can be said to be a vast frontier fortress picture containing three elements: Guan, Shan and Yue. In general literary works, we often see descriptions such as "the moon rises from the East China Sea" or "the moon rises from the East Mountain", and Tianshan seems to be the place where the moon sets in the west of China. Why do you say "the bright moon rises from the mountain in the sky"? It turns out that this is from the perspective of recruiting people. Looking back at the east, you can see the bright moon rising from Tianshan Mountain. Although Tianshan Mountain is not close to the sea, it is opposite to the sea of clouds. The poet combines the vast sea of clouds and the majestic Tianshan Mountains, which seems to be more common only after crossing the sea, and it is fresh and spectacular. Such a realm may be unsustainable in the face of ordinary poets with weak talents, but Li Bai is full of pen power. Next, "and the wind comes from thousands of miles, hitting Yumenguan battlements" is broader than the previous two sentences. Yang Qixian in the Song Dynasty seems to be afraid of problems with Wan Li, saying, "Tianshan Mountain is not too far from Yumenguan, but those who talk about Wan Li are like the moon from Tianshan Mountain, not from Tianshan Mountain." It seems safe to explain "Wan Li" with the imaginary distance from the bright moon to Yumenguan, but Li Bai is talking about the length of "Changfeng", not the distance from the bright moon to the earth. In fact, these two sentences are still from the perspective of the garrison. Standing in the moonlight on the northwest border, the foot soldiers looked at their homeland, feeling that the wind was mighty, as if crossing the Central Plains of Wan Li and Yumenguan. If we relate it with the poem "Autumn wind blows my heart to the jade gate forever" in Li Bai's Midnight Wu Ge, the meaning of this poem will be more clear. In this way, combined with the above description, it is characterized by Changfeng, Yue Ming, Tianshan and Yumenguan, forming the frontier fortress map of Wan Li. On the surface, it seems that only natural scenery is written here, but as long as you put yourself in the other's shoes, it is easy to feel the feeling of missing the countryside.
2. Mid-Autumn Moon
Author: Su Shi era: Song Dynasty
The twilight clouds are cold, and the silver-haired people silently turn to the tracts.
If you don't meet a good night in this life, where will you see the bright moon next year?
Appreciation: this small character, entitled "Mid-Autumn Moon", is naturally the joy of writing "Full Moon"; Sticking "Yangguan District" involves other feelings. It describes the reunion of the author and his younger brother Su Zhe after a long separation, enjoying the Mid-Autumn Festival, and also expresses the sadness and emotion of breaking up soon after the reunion.
This word is written from the beauty of moonlight to the joy of "full moon", and from this night this year to the Mid-Autumn Festival next year, it comes down to other feelings. The image is condensed, the realm is lofty and the language is beautiful and meaningful. Yangguanqu was originally written by Wang Wei's Twenty Xi Poems of Yuan Dynasty. Su Shi's ci poems are generally combined with Wang Wei's poems into four tones, which is a work written by the poet according to the score.
Step 3 meditate at night
Author: Li Bai era: Tang Dynasty
The foot of my bed is shining so brightly. Is there frost already?
I looked up at the moon and looked down, feeling nostalgic.
Appreciation: This poem is about the feeling of missing my hometown on a silent moonlit night.
The first two sentences of the poem are an illusion created by the poet in a specific foreign environment in an instant. A person who lives alone in a foreign country and is busy during the day can still dilute his sadness. However, in the dead of night, the waves of missing his hometown will inevitably surge in his heart. Not to mention on a moonlit night, not to mention on a frosty autumn night. "Could there have been frost?" The word "doubt" in the poem vividly expresses that the poet woke up from his sleep and mistook the Leng Yue in front of his bed for the thick frost on the ground. The word "frost" is better used, which not only describes the bright moonlight, but also expresses the cold of the season, and also sets off the loneliness and desolation of the poet wandering abroad.
On the other hand, the last two sentences of the poem deepen homesickness through the description of actions and ways. The word "hope" takes care of the word "doubt" in the previous sentence, which shows that the poet has changed from a daze to a sober one. He stared at the moon eagerly and couldn't help thinking that his hometown was under the bright moon at the moment. So naturally, I came to the conclusion that "I sank back and suddenly thought of home". The action of "bowing your head" depicts the poet completely lost in thought. And the word "miss" left a rich imagination space for readers: the old brothers, relatives and friends in that hometown, the mountains and rivers, the grass and trees in that hometown, the lost years, the past … are all in my thoughts. A word "Xiang" contains too much content. Amin Hu Yinglin said: "Taibai quatrains are all written in words. The so-called people who have no intention of working are unemployed. " Wang Shimao thinks: "(quatrains) Only Violet (Li Bai) and Long Biao (Wang Changling) were extremely ambitious in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li is more natural, former residence. " What are "nature" and "unintentional work"? This song "Silent Night Thinking" is a sample list. Therefore, Hu specially put it forward and said it was "a wonder of ancient and modern times."
Think of my brothers on a moonlit night.
Author: Du Fu era: Tang Dynasty
A vagrant heard the drums heralding the battle, which was the first call of a wild goose on the border in autumn. The dew turns to frost tonight, and the moonlight at home is bright!
Brothers are scattered, and no one can ask about life and death. Letters sent to Luoyang city are often not delivered, and wars often do not stop.
Appreciation: the watchtower is more drum, and there are no traces of pedestrians on the road. The border town is deserted, the autumn wind is cool, and only the lonely geese moan. The frost and dew are particularly white tonight, which is still the kindness of my hometown, and the moon is also the brightness of my hometown. When brothers are separated, the family is ruined. Where can I find the news of life and death? Letters have not arrived for a long time, and the war has not stopped.
The first sentence of this poem, "A wanderer listens to the drums to herald a war", points out the heavily guarded and deserted appearance of "late at night" and "wartime" at the beginning. "Autumn" and "the sound of geese" in the second sentence further illustrate the season and place where he misses his brothers and sisters. It was autumn, flowers and trees began to wither, I was at the border, and the sad cry of lonely geese made people feel empty and lonely.
The sentence "He knows the dew will frost tonight" describes the solar terms at that time, and the Millennium can echo the bright moon in the next sentence, so that we can feel the cold and cheerless appearance at that time through the color "white". In the last four sentences, Du Fu is describing his feelings of missing his brother. Because of the war, he and his brothers were scattered in different places; The "homeless" in the sixth sentence is even more sad, because he was not only separated from his relatives, but even his hometown was destroyed by the war. In the last two sentences, he described the feeling that he didn't receive a letter from home because of the war and was very worried about everyone's safety. Especially the word "no truce" in the eighth sentence can echo the first sentence, and the whole poem is very complete in emotional expression.
5. Looking at the moon, thinking of a distant one.
Author: Zhang Jiuling years: Tang Dynasty
The moon, at this time is at sea, over the end of the world. ?
People who love hate long nights and sleepless nights and miss their loved ones.
Put out the candle to love this moonlit room, and I wander in the deep night dew in my clothes.
You can't have beautiful moonlight, just want to meet you in your dreams.
Appreciation: Looking at the moon and thinking about a distant place was written by the author when he left home, looking at the moon and thinking about his distant relatives and wife.
The ancients had deep feelings for the moon and rich associations. Looking at the moon and cherishing people is often the theme of ancient poetry, but it is rare to see Zhang Jiuling writing so quietly, lightly and deeply. Poetry expresses the poet's yearning for people far away through the description of the ups and downs of the protagonist's thoughts when he looks at the moon.
"The bright moon is in the sky, and the horizon * * * crosses the sea at this time", two sentences are lyrical, one is to write the scenery, and the other is to enter the mood from the scenery. The poet painted a picture in simple and natural language: a bright moon rises from Ran Ran on the other side of the East China Sea, showing an infinitely vast, magnificent and moving scene. It is precisely because the bright moon is so mysterious and unpredictable that it naturally evokes the endless thoughts of the people in the poem. He imagined that people who are far away from the world may be thinking about the moon at this time. In the poem, people don't say they miss each other at the full moon, but imagine they miss themselves at the full moon. The conception is ingenious and meaningful, which vividly reflects the profound sustenance of this poem. This poem with the word "sheng" is very vivid, which is similar to the word "sheng" in Zhang's poem "The bright moon on the sea is born with the tide". At this time, the phrase "Tianya * * *" comes from Xie Zhuang's Yuefu. These two sentences are composed of the sea, the bright moon and the horizon. Looking at the moon is a real scene, and looking at it from a distance is an artistic conception. The poet skillfully combines scenery writing with lyricism. While writing * * * to each other on the bright moon, it also contains homesickness, leaving room for association and imagination. The first couplet caught this problem, and the following sentences came into being.