Li is from Luoyang. At the beginning, I hid in Lushan Mountain with Brother Bo, but later I should have made a promise. When Xian Zongzhu was the prince, he helped others and found Zhou Xia's secretary to join the army. Tai Zhong, a doctor from Imperial College, returned to Kangzhou. Since the number Qingxizi. Book two volumes and compose a poem today.
Turn:
Li She: I met a good thief with culture.
(Masterpiece) Listening to music
Whispering first flies to the dust on the beam, and the lips do not move.
May the spring breeze blow further and let sorrow kill the whole city.
Li She to be introduced today, although she left behind more than 100 poems, really belongs to an unknown generation among the ten million poets in Qian Qian in the Tang Dynasty. However, the first time I read the book "The Shepherd's Words", it reminded me of my previous career of herding cattle, so I'd better write it down. "Shepherd's Word" says: "Cattle are herded in the morning, and cattle are herded in the river. Go to herd cattle at night and drive cattle in the village. Walking in the rain-covered Woods, folding and lying on the green grass, singing a little song. I am afraid that the tiger will bully the yellow calf. " After reading this poem, comrades who have had the experience of herding cattle will certainly laugh. The shepherd boy depicted in this poem is innocent, with a few Artemisia sticks stuck in his waist, a stiff chest and bursting with self-confidence. He thinks he is Li Guang, and he is not afraid of tigers coming. Yes, who didn't have such a childish chivalrous dream when he was a child? Compared with the hero in the Cowherd Picture written by Wu Zuoren, Zhang Daqian, Li Keran and Huang Yongyu, this naive little guy seems to be more lovable.
Li She, a native of Luoyang, is of unknown origin. Li has five brothers, all of whom are good children who love learning. When he was young, Li Shao and his younger brother Li Bo lived in seclusion at the southern foot of Wulaofeng in Lushan Mountain. The two brothers kept a white deer as a pet and took it everywhere, which was awesome. Deer is an extraordinary thing, not to mention a white deer with genetic variation. According to legend, many immortals use deer as mounts, such as the Antarctic fairy Weng; Li Taibai studied immortals, and once had the idea of "but let me, on my green slope, raise a white deer", but it is estimated that his old man's house has never even seen what a white deer looks like in the end. Do you think that the two brothers can lead Bailuyuan around the west without attracting attention? Ladies like to clink, because she is gentle; Comrade Tai Sen, on the other hand, likes to take a detour with a tiger, which is called a tiger. However, compared with Li's brothers, this lady and her husband are vulgar. As for keeping snakes and lizards ... forget it, I don't care about you. It is said that this white deer is very clever. The two brothers studied hard in the mountains and had no time to go to the supermarket. When there is a shortage of paper, pens and food, they hang a bag in the corner of Bailu, and put money and shopping list in it, so Bailu can go to Xing Zi Town to buy them. Because of this iconic white deer, people call these two brothers "Mr. Bailuyuan", and they also named the research place "Bailudong". Later generations formally established an academy here, which is the world-famous Bailudong Academy. Last time I visited Lushan Mountain alone, I had to give up my love in Bailudong Academy in the south because I was in a hurry and ran to the Torin Temple in the west. I have been depressed so far.
Also studying with brother Li is brother Li. This Cui Ying is not a good bird. Although he was born in Cui's family in Boling, his father didn't hurt and his mother didn't love him since he was a child. She left it at her grandfather's house, just like the left-behind children now. It happened that the baby didn't listen and grandpa's family didn't like it, so I developed a withdrawn and surly temperament. It is all caused by the lack of fatherly love and maternal love. When Cui Ying grew up, he learned the skills of writing articles. The first article he wrote was Orphan Song by the Road, which cursed grandpa, grandma, uncle and aunt. It is such a person that Zhang Jianfeng, the husband of the famous beauty Guan, regards him as a treasure and respectfully invites him to be a staff officer in his own army. Cui Ying was surprised at first sight in the darkness, and several shouts almost made Zhang Jianfeng's army collapse. Think about how horrible his voice will be. The generals were very angry and wanted to arrest him and cut off his meat to eat. Fortunately, Commander Zhang hid him. The next day, the generals gave a banquet. During the dinner, the supervisor shouted at Zhang, "I have endless requests. Please hand over Cui Ying's son of a bitch and punish him. " Zhang Jianfeng smiled and said, "OK, OK." After a while, Zhang Jianfeng raised his glass to the prison army and said, "Grandpa, I also have a request, asking everyone to release Cui Ying." Everyone laughed, and the matter went away. Otherwise, the wild and unruly Xiao Cui will really go to the frying pan naked with PP.
What good things do you think Brother Li and his brother can learn from Cui Ying, a madman with bad conduct? Li Houlai made many mistakes, which I think has a lot to do with the influence of this bad boy. In history, Li was involved in "sexual madness, and treacherous court officials hated it and could not use it for a long time." Really close to the ink. In the sixth year of Xian Zongyuan, Li She was appointed as a counselor to judge the prince. "Probation" means that he is not qualified, so he works first and then becomes a full member. In October this year, eunuch Liu Xiguang accepted a bribe of 200,000 yuan from general Sun Ai, and promised to intercede with the emperor for him and find a chess piece for our time. Liu Xiguang was forced to commit suicide after the incident was exposed by their political opponents. Another eunuch close to Liu Xiguang, Tu Tu Cheng Cui, was also suspected of having an affair with Liu Xiguang. So, the officials jointly wrote a book, participated in one of his books, expelled Tu Tu Cheng Cui from Chang 'an, and sent him to Huainan to be an army supervisor. Didn't you say that Li was involved in "sexual madness"? It's reflected now. He wants to engage in political speculation. Li Jieren felt that Tu Tu Cheng Cui was still deeply loved by the emperor, but he was released only under the pressure of public opinion. If he can leave Tu Tu Chengcui to the emperor through letters, both the emperor and Tu Tu will be grateful to him. So I quickly wrote a letter and sent it to the hospital. At present, most party and government organs have a small box hanging at the door to accept the opinions of the masses. This thing was called "Yi" when it was shelved in the Tang Dynasty. Suiyuan is an institution set up by the imperial court to facilitate officials and people to write letters. It is managed by a squire (renamed as "Xianna Ambassador" in Xuanzong), similar to the current petition department. At that time, the official in charge of this school was an empty vision. He was the nephew of Li Taibai's old friend Kong Chao's father. Empty vision is very principled. After reading Li She's letter, he refused. Li had no choice but to bribe the eunuch and give the letter directly to the emperor. In a rage, Kongjian participated in one of his books, saying that Li She not only had sinister intentions, but also went beyond the petition. This was a big crime, so Li exiled her to join the army as treasurer (now Yichang, Hubei), and this political gambling failed to catch up with her political future. Being an exile is very uncomfortable. A few years later, he was pardoned and wrote a poem "Forgive": "When Skynet first released Chu prisoners, it was humiliating. He Kun is not a person, but also goes fishing in the Lancang River. " There is remorse in the poem, which seems to change the past temper. But not long after, he was demoted to Yiling County, Zhou Xia as a county magistrate for unknown reasons. This time, he wrote a song called "Revisiting Yiling and Titling Zhuoleji Temple": "At that time, I was exiled to Yiling and wanted to become a monk when I was free. Who knows that the heavier the karma, the more ashamed to burn the lamp. " It shows the meaning of birth more than the last poem. No wonder it really feels bad to be demoted to the south to be an official. The poem "Yueyang Farewell to Zhang Hu" says: "Ten years later, I will be a courtier with white hair and Jiang Chun." He also said, "I heard that there is forgiveness in the trap of mountain malaria, but I don't want to borrow time." Full of blood and tears, I feel that life is hopeless. It can be said that it is cold and desolate. About this time, Li Jieren became fascinated with religion, which was revealed in the first two fallen poems. He not only believed in Buddhism himself, but also preached with monks and sent his wife to buddhist nun as a nun. The poem "Send your wife to the Tao" says: "People don't return to the waves, and the piano is inseparable. Even if we meet again in an empty door, we will watch in the autumn moon. " Alas, if I had known this, why not take the right path?
However, Li still does not repent. He wants to go all the way to the dark, hit the south wall and never look back. Li Chengxiang recommended him as Dr. imperial academy. The professor at the national university did a good job, but he had to follow Li to the front. How many prime ministers can walk away without being dragged down by political opponents? Therefore, when Li fell, he was also unlucky and exiled to Kangzhou (now Deqing, Guangdong). I wonder if he brought home the best Guangdong inkstone.
Stick to the end, and I'll tell you an interesting story. According to Dai Fan's Friends of Yunxi in the late Tang Dynasty, in the second year of Changqing, Li Shao, who was working as a doctor in imperial academy, went to Jiujiang to visit his younger brother Li Bo, who was then the secretariat of Jiangzhou. When the ship was driving to the roundabout, it suddenly met a group of thieves who robbed the house. Dozens of thieves with knives and guns ordered them to stop the boat. When the ship stopped, the robber asked, "Who is on board?" The boatman replied, "It's Dr. Roger Lee." After hearing this, the gangster ordered his men to stop the robbery and said, "If it is really Dr. Li, we won't rob him of his money. However, my generation has long heard of his poem title, and I hope he can write a poem for us. " After listening to this, Li She spread out the rice paper and wrote a quatrain: "It rained at dusk, and the river went up to the village, and the greenwood vendor knew about it at night. He doesn't have to run away from his first name and surname. Now he is a semi-gentleman in the world. " It seems that the Tang Dynasty is far from reaching the standard of a harmonious society. Hearing this, the bandit leader was overjoyed. Instead of robbing Li, he gave him many fruits of his labor. Of course, Li is also embarrassed to refuse-people have bright knives in their hands, but they dare not make the king angry. Moreover, the fat pig arched and pushed it out of the door. Isn't that sick?
This mountain king wants poems for free. He is really a good thief with culture and love to learn. Think about today's society. Dai Houying, a famous writer, kindly helped a fellow countryman, but was finally killed by this rotten person. Alas, people's hearts are not ancient, and a thief's trip is known!
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original work
Pastoral ci
Cattle are driven far away, and the grass around the village is dense.
The hungry bird pecked the cow's back and prevented me from playing with my head.
Into the vicious grass, many cows spread out and sang to the reeds when they were white.
Blowing leaves across the embankment should be accompanied by three or four whips.
"Niu Niu eats grass and touches it, and the lawsuit is broken!" [ 1]
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works appreciation
The main idea of the poem is: because the village is surrounded by dense crops, I am afraid that cows will eat them, so I put them far away, which is a vicious circle. Spring is beautiful and licorice is everywhere along the vicious river, which is really a good place for grazing. There are a lot of cows here! Cows can eat grass and drink water freely, so the shepherd boy doesn't want to play with other cowboys on the hillside for the time being; But nasty birds, hovering in the sky. They are hungry and always fly to the back of cattle to peck ticks. How could you leave it? Cattle are aggressive, especially the little white cattle released by the shepherd boy are more naughty. Sometimes it lowers its head to eat grass, and sometimes it raises its head to scream. This song is not a signal that an object is looking for tentacles, is it? It's really worrying. I can't leave it for a moment. At this time, a familiar voice suddenly came from the shepherd boy's ear, and someone was whistling with reed leaves rolled. He knew that his companion had put the cow on the other side of the embankment, so he blew it up with leaves and responded to each other. He looked at the grazing cow and shook his whip several times, and said the following two words of warning to the cow. There is an allusion in this sentence.
It turned out that in the Northern Wei Dynasty, TaBaHui was appointed as the secretariat of Wanzhou. On the way from Xindu to Tangyin, because he wanted to lubricate the horniness of the wheels, he sent people to cut corners everywhere, scaring the people not to let the cows out. This violent story is widely circulated among the people and everyone knows it. "The housekeeper cut off his head" was casually said when the shepherd boy waved his whip. For an ignorant cow, this is of course tantamount to playing the piano, but it is regarded as an effective threat to the shepherd boy. This is worth pondering.
After the rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, the buffer region became independent and civil war continued. It is very common for the government to rob and slaughter folk livestock under the pretext of military supplies. Yuan Zhen, a contemporary poet of Zhang Ji, reflected in "Ancient Poems of Yuefu Tianjia Ci": "In the past 60 years, there have been wars and chaos, and grain wagons have been rolling every month. One day, the government army collected sea clothes and drove to eat beef. " Even the meat is eaten up, so it's natural to cut off the two horns on that head to boil keratin. This was the objective reality at that time. For this reality, Zhang Ji did not describe it in this poem, but at the end, he borrowed the mouth of the cowherd and nodded gently, meaning that if there is nothing, the people's fear and confrontation with the government can be imagined.
The whole poem is ten sentences, which is a wonderful picture of herding cattle. The first eight sentences vividly describe the environmental background of the pasture, the psychological activities of the shepherd boy and the dynamics of cattle, which is full of interest. However, the theme of the poem is not here; It is not until the last two sentences that readers can see the poet's intention. From the first eight sentences to the last two sentences, it is natural to use a pen handy; Sharp satire in the relaxed ridicule, the intention is very clear and profound.
The language of poetry is simple and fresh, clear as words, showing a kind of exquisite kung fu of "meticulous work without leaving traces" [1]
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Brief introduction of the author
Zhang Ji is like Zhang Ji.
(about 767- about 830) a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Originally from Wu Jun (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), he moved to Wujiang (now Wujiang Town and County, Anhui). In 799 AD (the 15th year of Zhenyuan), he was a scholar, and successively served as Taichang Temple Master, imperial academy Assistant Professor, Doctor, Minister of Water Affairs, and Guest Doctor. He is an official of the Ministry of Water Resources, so he is called Zhang Shuibu and Zhang Yesi. Because of his poor family and serious eye diseases, Meng Jiao was nicknamed "Poor and Blind Zhang Taizhu". His understanding of the social function of literature is similar to Bai Juyi's. Make friends with Han Yu, Bai Juyi, Meng Jiao and Wang Jian. Poetry mostly reflected the social contradictions and sufferings of people's livelihood at that time, and Bai Juyi pushed it easily. Just a sword, he is called "Zhang Wang" in the world. And Zhang's collection. [2]