Knowledge about dinosaurs

■ explanation

Scientists have made the following explanations about how asteroids hit the earth and led to the extinction of dinosaurs.

Asteroids hit the earth quickly, causing drastic changes in the earth's environment. The huge impact throws a lot of rocks and dust into the air, which leads to frequent earthquakes, marine tsunamis and volcanic eruptions, and many forests are swallowed up by fires.

For decades, dust has been floating in the air, making it difficult for the earth to receive enough sunlight, so the number of plants has dropped sharply, leading to the collapse of the food chain from the bottom. At the same time, the weakening of sunlight makes the earth increasingly cold, and rainwater turns into hot acid rain mixed with volcanic eruption and falls to the surface, which leads to great challenges for the living environment of animals and plants.

Dinosaurs, which once ruled the earth for 65438+600 million years, could not adapt to the changes in the environment and were naturally eliminated. From black dragon and plesiosaurs living in the ocean, pterosaurs flying in the air to all kinds of dinosaurs living on land, no one was spared. In addition, many ancient creatures, including ammonites and marine plankton all over the ocean, were also extinct in this catastrophe.

Birds and mammals were badly hit, but they survived. Warm-blooded animals with long hair eventually replaced dinosaurs as masters of the earth, laying the foundation for the birth of mankind.

Supplement:

In the past, all scientists thought that dinosaurs were cold-blooded or warm-blooded like all reptiles, but with the increasing number of fossil data, people's understanding has also changed. Some people think that some dinosaurs may be warm-blooded animals. First of all, they think that some dinosaurs are extremely agile, and they don't crawl on the ground like snakes, but run on the ground with two hind legs, which can reach 20 to 90 kilometers per hour. This requires a strong heart and a high metabolism, which is obviously impossible for cold-blooded animals. Secondly, dinosaurs ate a lot. It is speculated that a 30-ton sauropod dinosaur may eat nearly 2 tons of food every day, and only warm-blooded animals need so much energy. This is also reasonable from the point of view that carnivorous dinosaurs are far less than herbivorous dinosaurs. In addition, there are some smaller dinosaurs, who are likely to be covered with a layer of feathers or hair, which is also to prevent the loss of body temperature. Other aspects, such as the study of bones, also preliminarily show that some dinosaurs were warm-blooded animals. As soon as the theory of warm-blooded dinosaurs was put forward, it was strongly criticized, but it is still difficult to reach a conclusion.

In ancient times, there used to be a group of strange creatures-dinosaurs. They ruled the earth, lived for nearly 15 thousand years, and finally died out magically. Everything we know about dinosaurs today comes from dinosaur fossils.

There are many kinds of dinosaurs, and their shapes and habits are quite different. Among them, the big one can be as big as dozens of elephants combined; Small, but almost like a chicken. As far as food habits are concerned, dinosaurs have mild vegetarians and fierce carnivores, and there are omnivorous dinosaurs that eat both vegetarian and vegetarian foods.

In addition, archaeopteryx also appeared with dinosaurs.

[Edit this paragraph] Discovered dinosaurs

The story of prout-Garon-Garon

Mrs Mantell found the story of dinosaurs really romantic. Mr Mantell was able to explore the ownership of dinosaurs with a rigorous and realistic attitude, which was indeed the first step for human beings to study dinosaurs scientifically and understand them.

But in history, humans have long discovered dinosaur fossils, but at that time, due to limited knowledge, they could not explain them correctly.

As early as 1000 years ago, during the Jin Dynasty in China, dinosaur fossils were discovered in Wucheng County, Sichuan Province. But people at that time did not know that it was the remains of dinosaurs, but regarded them as the bones left by the legendary dragons.

Based on the clues found in a historical novel "Mr. milken's Wife", a researcher named Huster at the University of Reading in England recently announced that he had finally discovered the following fact: 1677, an Englishman named prout-Garonne-Garonne wrote a natural history book about Oxford. In this book, prout Gallon Gallon describes a huge fossil leg bone found in a quarry in the parish of Karovilla. Prout-Garonne-Garonne drew a good illustration of this fossil, and pointed out that this thigh bone is neither cow's, horse's, nor elephant's, but belongs to a giant bigger than them.

Although prout-Garonne Province-Garonne Province didn't realize that this fossil was a dinosaur, or even associated it with reptiles, the specimen he described with words and illustrations has been identified by later paleontologists as the thigh bone of a dinosaur called Megalodon, and this fossil was discovered 145 years before Iguanodon was discovered in Mantels. Therefore, Hastert thinks that prout-Garonne-Garonne should be the first discoverer and recorder of dinosaur fossils.

In fact, the history of human discovering dinosaur fossils must have a long history. Long before Mantel and his wife discovered Iguanodon, Europeans knew that there were many grotesque huge bone fossils buried underground. However, people didn't know exactly where they belonged at that time, so they were always mistaken for "the remains of giants". As for China, as early as 2,000 years ago, we began to collect large ancient animal fossils unearthed underground for medicine, and called these fossils "keels". Who can be sure that the name "keel" has nothing to do with the discovery of dinosaur fossils?

The oldest reptile fossils can be traced back to the Paleozoic Pennsylvanian period (365,438+million years ago-275 million years ago). Tracing back to the source, it evolved from amphibians. Amphibian eggs need to develop in water. Reptiles evolved eggshells to prevent water from escaping. This major reform enables reptiles to survive without water.

By the Mesozoic era from 225 million years ago to 65 million years ago, reptiles had become the masters of the earth, so the Mesozoic era was also called the reptile era. Large reptile dinosaurs appeared in the early Mesozoic. Herbivorous Liang Long and Lei Long are the largest land animals. Tyrannosaurus rex is a carnivorous dinosaur. There are also ichthyosaurs living in the sea and pterosaurs living in the air.

Reptiles have multiplied on the earth for about 654.38+0.5 billion years. Among the animals of this era, dinosaurs are the most widely known. When people mention dinosaurs, they will see a huge and fierce animal. In fact, there are also small and docile dinosaurs among dinosaurs.

Dinosaur is a kind of vertebrate reptile, which was once produced in Mesozoic land swamp and had a long neck and tail. The hind limbs are longer than the forelimbs and have tails. Some of them are carnivorous, and some are herbivorous. They are huge and can be considered as the largest terrestrial animals. Its physique is similar to that of the oldest crocodile and beak in lower species, and slightly similar to that of birds in higher species.

The study of dinosaurs depends entirely on fossils. Paleontologists infer their shapes and habits from their fossils. According to paleontologists, dinosaurs are like living animals: there are big ones and small ones; Some people walk on two legs; Some people walk on four legs; Some eat plants, some eat animals; Some skin is smooth, and some skin has scales or bone plates. The similarity is that all dinosaurs have small brains and lay eggs on land (as do all reptiles).

[Edit this paragraph] Classification of dinosaurs

Early Cretaceous-Early Cretaceous-

Westerly Dragon (Westerly Dragon)

Xipo podeng

iguanodon

Mutabularon (Mutabularon)

Our dragon (fearless dragon)

Aquijubus (Aquijubus)

Aarti News (Aarti News)

Nanyang Dragon (Nanyang Dragon)

Ludelong

Connaron (Connaron)

Waldoro (dragon of the desert)

Fukui Ryong

Jinzhou dragon (Jinzhou dragon)

Tenontosaurus

The original Bacchus (Probactrosaurus)

Rellino dragon

Atlas dinosaur (Atlas dinosaur)

West Luo Long (West Luo Long)

Daryun (Australian Dragon)

Lightning beast dragon

Gerolone (Gerolone)

vertebrate

Xuanhualong

Stenopelix

Lin Long ()

Spinosaurus

Gaston Dragon (gaston Dragon)

Stegopelta (Stegopelta)

Tire hole

glyptodont

Armored dragon (Hoplitosaurus)

Polacanthids (Polypodiaceae)

Spinosaurus

Heavy armor (lizards)

Gobislon

Desert dragon

Mimi (Mimi)

Tianchilong

cedarpelta

Zunichella Topsy

Archaeoceratops (Archaeoceratops)

Chaoyang dragon (Chaoyang dragon)

Liaoning jiaolong

Hongshanlong (Hongshanlong)

Parrot dragon (parrot dragon)

psittacosaurus sinensis

P.meileyingensis, the parrot of meilaiying.

Ulron

Shengshanlong

Nu Luo Long (Nu Luo Long)

Ciobalon (Leah, Qiao Ba)

Super dinosaur

Asian dragon

Augustinia

Mongolian dragon (Mongolian dragon)

Niger dragon (Niger dragon)

Heath Terry Yalong of Isis

Leosolon (Leosolon)

Rebbachisarus.

Limalong (Limalong)

Amagat dragon

Amazon dragon

Pujin Gulong (Pujin Gulong)

Jiangshan Dragon (Jiangshan Dragon)

Chondrosaurus (Chondrosaurus)

Arago Dragon (arago Dragon)

Pelorosaurus (deformed dragon)

Australasian dragon (Australasian dragon)

Bird buttock disease (bird buttock disease)

Venetian dragon, an addict.

Astroden (Astroden)

Ocamerotes (Ocamerotes)

Pleural cavity (pleural cavity)

Sonorasaurus (Sonorasaurus)

sauroposeidon

Cedar dragon (Cedar dragon)

Gao Long (Aepisaurus)

Argos dragon (Argos dragon)

Clasmodosaurus (Clasmodosaurus)

Dragon (pterosaur)

Cube Tilong

Macron (Macron)

Don Huaron

Buwanlong (Phuwiangosaurus)

Tidal dragon (Paralititan)

Gobititan

Androsaurus (Androsaurus)

Malawian dragon

Altispinax

Squid (squid)

Capital dragon

Ba Long (Antarctic Dragon)

Yinlong

Jia He Long (Lulong)

Shengshanlong (Shengshanlong)

Wakinosarus (Wakinosarus)

Vogt E Long.

Kerma pterosaur (Kerma pterosaur)

Protodinosaur, a kind of protodinosaur

Spinosaurus

Ligabueino, small power.

Becks spinosaurus

Waldoraput

Homo erectus (Homo erectus)

Early Cretaceous-early Cretaceous

African dragon hunters

Tugulong (Tugulong)

Siamese dragon

Jiguanlong (Jiguanlong)

barite

Like E Long.

Angry person

The lofty dragon (Angaturama)

Fokila Ptor

Akron dragon (Akron dragon)

Dwarf dragon

New hunter

Ceratosaurus (ceratosaurus)

Giant dinosaurs in the south.

Bahamian dragon (Bahamian dragon)

Chilean dinosaur

Gun dragon

Birds like chrysanthemums.

Habibis looks like a bird.

Seven birds in seven towns

Agile dragon

Kakuru (color snake dragon)

Akron (Akron)

Nqwebasaurus (Nqwebasaurus)

Ned colbert

Santana laput

Scipio Knicks (Scipio Knicks)

Yaflandia (Yaflandia)

E Long ()

Sinosauropteryx (Sinosauropteryx)

Toona sinensis

Mei (Mei)

Mircia; Milicia

Protoarchaeopteryx

Timmy-like

Yixianlong (Yixianlong)

Small dragon hunting

Caudipteryx

Microraptor

Gu's Microraptor

Chinese bird dragon (Chinese bird dragon)

Tommy Tam (Tommy Tam)

Eotyrannus (dinosaur)

Siamese cat (siamese cat)

Tonuchiron

Curved teeth (China Curved teeth)

China is a dragon hunter.

paranasal sinus

archaeornithomus

Shenzhou Dragon (Shenzhou Dragon)

Trident dragon came from the mountains.

Pelecanimimus-like

Menodon

Ray Partor (Ray Partor)

Ornithodesmus (bird method)

Utahraptor

Deinonychus

Graciliraptor (Gracililaput)

Alashan dragon (Alashan dragon)

Beipiaolong

Geronis (Geronis)

Shenzhou elevator

Lucky bird

Sapphire (sapphire)

Jinzhou bird

Jan Dangol Nice (Jan Dangol Nice)

Confucius

Confucius bird

Confucius bird

C.chuanzhou Confucius bird

Sun Shi Confucius bird

Great Wall Bird (Great Wall Bird)

protozoan

Chinese bird

Huaxia bird

Chinese bird with tail

Longcheng Niaoyi (Longcheng Niaoyi)

Cuspirostorisornis(Cuspirostorisornis)

Large toucan

Long-winged bird

Bologna (Bologna)

Ji Bena (Ji Bena)

Liaoxi Hornus

Otto Gornis (Otto Gornis)

Protopterosaur (protopterosaur)

Liaoning bird

Chaoyang bird

Songling bird (Songling bird)

Yanonis (Yanonis)

Yixianniao

Long billed bird

Aberrationdontus (Aberration Dontus)

Ocean bird

-Late Cretaceous.-Late Cretaceous

Rat dragon (squirrel dragon)

Eutectic (eutectic)

Mivron

Newtonian dragon (Newtonian dragon)

Long-billed dragon (long-billed dragon)

Sidormimus

Sigmund Masas Dragon (Sigmund Masas Dragon)

Build canglong (build canglong)

Knee dragon

Joe (CompsoSuchus)

The wounded dragon

Genyodectes (Genyodectes)

Jabbar Pria (Pria, Dzubur)

Birch order (Birch order)

Muscle Dragon (iloc Les)

Zuo Fu is lighter than E Long.

Rugopus

Northwest Argentinean dragon (Noarosaurus)

Evil dragon

velociraptors

Raptors ()

E Long (Betassos)

Heterogeneous dinosaur (heterogeneous dinosaur)

Tarascolon (Tarascolon)

E Long, India.

Abelilon (Abelilon)

Majunglong (Majunglong)

Taolong (Taolong)

Kano Taurus (Kano Taurus)

Indian dragon (Indian dragon)

Ceratosaurus erectus (ceratosaurus erectus)

Majungasales (Majungasales)

Win Wang Long (Lagaron)

Scaleless dragon (scaleless dragon)

Spinosaurus

Delta dragon (delta dragon)

Alnwick Saos (alnwick Saos)

Bagaraatan (small dragon hunting)

Archaeornithoides

Heavy-legged dragon

Diplodocus (Diplodocus)

Swamp bird dragon

Yu Xialong (La Bocania)

Richard Ostesia (Richard Ostesia)

European claw dragon (European claw dragon)

Anodontosaurus

Avimimus

The wounded dragon

Yang shanlong (goat dragon)

Unenlagia (half bird)

La Hornavis, a flying bird.

Shuang Ye Long

Itemirus

Shilong (Shilong)

Cyclosaurus qinggankoulong (Cyclosaurus qinggankoulong)

Dai Nong Nong (Dai Nong Nong)

Alilong (Zhilong)

Albertosaurus (Albertosaurus)

Gorgosurus (gorgosurus)

O' brisson

Nanotyrannus (Nanotyrannus)

Style giver (style giver)

Dinosaur (dinosaur)

Shanshanlong

Fear of dragons

Tyrannosaurus rex (Tyrannosaurus rex)

Tyrannosaurus rex (Tyrannosaurus rex)

Tyrannosaurus

Tyrannosaurus rex (Tarbosaurus)

T. Luanchuan Tyrannosaurus (Tyrannosaurus Luanchuan)

Araucanorraptor (Araucanorraptor)

Boluo gouveia (Boluo gouveia)

Ostrich dragon

Byron Sarus (Byron Sarus)

Ornithopoda (ornithopoda)

Tooth-injured dragon

Narrowclaw dragon (narrow claw dragon)

Fear of birds (fear of birds)

Orcomimus-like

Birds like Garudimimus.

Gallimimus-like

Goose-like

Like an emu dragon.

Birch order (Birch order)

An ostrich-like dragon

People in China like birds.

Draco (Nomingia)

Heyuan Dragon (Heyuan Nia)

Kananahus (Kananahus)

Asian monitor lizard

Spinal stenosis

One-legged dragon

Bury the fire dragon (Citipati)

Shell Tyrannosaurus (Shell Tyrannosaurus)

Female camel dragon (Ingenia)

khan

Oviposition raptor

Alvarez dragon.

Patagonian claw dragon (Patagonian claw dragon)

Mononychus (Mononykus)

parvovirus

Shuvuuia (bird-faced dragon)

achillobator

Adalong (Adalong)

Bambi Teratosaurus

Korean dragon (Korean dragon)

Giant Raptor (Giant Raptor)

Pyrraptor

Mutant Raptor (Mutant Raptor)

Atrophic dragon (atrophic dragon)

Zhuo Meilong (Zhuo Meilong)

Bird-billed dragon (bird-billed dragon)

Erlianlong

Inner Mongolia Dragon (Inner Mongolia Gulong)

Northronicus (Northronicus)

Hidden dragon (secret dragon)

Dragon of death

Nanxiong Dragon (Nanxiong Dragon)

Segenolon

Jilong (Kamakura era)

Animal bone dragon (animal bone dragon)

Pterosaur australis

Bugenasaura (Bugenasaura)

Strange dragon (cylon dragon)

Tarancorn

Ode Romers

Paqueron (Paqueron)

Long-nosed dragon (Lofohorsaurus)

Rhabdomyolysis (rhabdomyolysis)

Mochlodon

Zalmoxes (Zalmoxes)

Slow-moving dragon (Ankylosaurus)

Bird foramen (bird foramen)

Widowed dragon

Gaspari nylon (Gasparinisaura)

Chief Dragon (Dragon Dragon)

AnaBuys dragon (Anabisetia)

Bihar dragon (Bihar dragon)

Paraodon (Paraodon)

flat

Craspedo East (Craspedo East)

Hai pu Xi Bei ma

Wide wild dragon (wide wild dragon)

mandschurosaurus amurensis

Erectile dragon (erector dragon)

Dragon (Lonely Dragon)

Former Hadro (former Hadro)

Crotalon (Crotalon)

Gilmour Dragon (gilmour Dragon)

Telmatosaurus (swamp dragon)

Dragon (three dragons)

Gadolong

Pterosaur (pterosaur)

Elombia (Elombia)

Bactrosaurus (Bactrosaurus)

Qingdao Dragon (Qingdao Dragon)

Xia Long

Parasaurolophus (Parasaurolophus)

Japanese dragon (Japanese dragon)

Heilongjiang dragon (Heilongjiang dragon)

Jack Sloan (Jack Sloan)

Blue Dragon

Olorotitan with fan crown

Bathpordia (Bathpordia)

Guanlong

Hyperion (Hyperion)

Duckbilled Dragon (Duckbilled Dragon)

Little duck-billed dragon; magby

G bellows dragon (Kerberosaurus).

Shuangmiaolong (Shuangmiaolong)

Dragon (Theseus)

Short-tailed dragon (short-tailed dragon)

dragon dance

Longlong (Longlong)

Gryposaurus (Gryposaurus)

Little Noble Dragon (Critto Dragon)

Anatotitan (Anatotitan)

Edmontosaurus (Edmontosaurus)

Shandong Dragon (Shandong Dragon)

Tanius (Tanius)

Protodinosaur (protodinosaur)

saurian

Tianzhulong

Ankylosaurus (ankylosaurus)

Black Mountain Dragon (Black Mountain Dragon)

Peishanlong

Prikonoton (Prikonoton)

Pika (pika)

Stegosaurus (stegosaurus)

Ancient Ili dragon

Mugualong

Carnivorous dragon

Abandoned robot dragon

Sauropods (sauropods)

Nodosurus (nodosurus)

Struthiosaurus (Struthiosaurus)

Niobranon

Texan

animal

Edmonton Ankylosaurus (Edmontonia)

Sylvester (Sylvester)

Panlong (Panlong)

Sauroposeidon sauroposeidon (Sauroposeidon sauroposeidon)

Tsagantegia (White Mountain Dragon)

Marius (Marius)

Shanxi Dragon (Yamashita)

Talarurus (Talarurus)

Xu Long ()

American dragon (American dragon)

Cephalopods (Cephalopods)

Tarchia (Tarchia)

Manicure Long (Saichanya)

Baotou dragon (true head dragon)

Draw a dragon (Pinacosaurus)

Clayton dragon

Short-legged dragon (short-legged dragon)

Megalodon (Megalodon)

Tula ceratosaurus (Tula ceratosaurus)

Fine-horned suborder

Before starting a business

Ceratosaurus asiaticus

Microceratosaurus (Microceratosaurus)

Slender gyro (slender gyro)

Uda ceratosaurus

White horned dragon (white horned dragon)

Kulera Topsy

Sela Topsy

Chamsron (Chamsron)

Polyonax (Polyonax)

Oolong (oolong)

Pentagonal gyro (pentagonal gyro)

Anchiceratops (ceratosaurus)

Aleurosaurus (Aleurosaurus)

Niujiaolong

Diptera (Diptera)

Triceratops (Triceratops)

Thick-nosed dragon (thick-nosed dragon)

He Shenlong (He Long)

Monoclones (Monoclonus)

Short horned dragon (short horned dragon)

Eniosron

Benzoin dragon (benzoin dragon)

Center dragon

Avaceratops (Avaceratops)

Agasomas (Agasomas)

Mandibular deformity (mandibular deformity)

Aleurosaurus (Aleurosaurus)

Bagaceratops (bagaceratops)

Ramallah Topsy (Ramallah Topsy)

Platypus (platypus)

Brevikla Topsy

Protoceratops (protoceratops)

Magno Strids (Magno Strids)

Yueqianlong

Montana ceratops (Montanoceratops)

Pachycephalosaurus (pachycephalosaurus)

Styx dragon (Styx dragon)

Microcephaly (microcephaly)

Gravity dragon (gravity dragon)

Forebrain (forebrain)

Taylor brain (Taylor brain)

Sphaerothulus (Sphaerothulus)

Stegosaurus (stegosaurus)

Posterior cranial head malformation

Ornatotherolus (Ornatotherolus)

Micropachycephalosaurus (Micropachycephalosaurus)

Goyocephala (Goyocephale)

Wan Nanlong (Wan Nanlong)

? South Indian dragon

Qinling dragon (Qinling dragon)

Hisatosaurus (Hisatosaurus)

Giant neck dragon (giant neck dragon)

Shanlong

Egyptian dragon (Egyptian dragon)

Bruhart Kaylon (Bruhart Kaylon)

Curved dragon

Curved toothed shark (curved toothed shark)

Northern Dragon (Northern Dragon)

Huabeilong

Snake dragon (snake dragon)

Gao Qiao Dragon ()

Jinuolong (Jinuolong)

Majaron (Majaron)

Pellegrini nylon (Pellegrini nylon)

Epachthosaurus

Argentinean dragon (Argentinean dragon)

Slender dragon (Lilalong)

Antarctic dragon (Antarctic dragon)

Bonita Dragon (Sura, bonita)

La Plata dragon.

Nemeron (Nemeron)

Magic dragon

Raping dragons (raping dragons)

Alamolon

Yinlong

Titan dragon

Isilon

Lin kanglong

Wind dragon; Fenglong

Gondwana Titan (Gondwana Titan)

Epithelial carcinoma of posterior urethra

Newken ken dragon.

Rocaron

Saltalon (Saltalon)

Otto cologne (Otto cologne)

Tawa Luo Long (Tawa Luo Long)

Duo mei ke long

Southern horned dragon

Apsara Weiss (Apsara Weiss)

Apartonis (Apartonis)

Fish bird (fish bird)

Limena Weiss

Yellow bird

Anisz, Pasqui (Anisz, Pasqui)

ducker

Judinonis

Chalk bird

Asian yellow bird

Paracania

Yellow bird (yellow bird)