"Fu Tao" is a door idol made of red wood, which also refers to Spring Festival couplets, that is, "New Peach" is a new Spring Festival couplets, and "Old Rhyme" is an old Spring Festival couplets. The ancients painted or wrote the names of door gods on mahogany boards and hung them on doors to ward off evil spirits. In the Five Dynasties, couplets began to appear in Fu Tao, and later "Fu Tao" also referred to Spring Festival couplets.
"Thousands of households always exchange new peaches for old ones" comes from Yuan Ri written by Wang Anshi in Song Dynasty. The poem is as follows:
Wang Anshi in Northern Song Dynasty
The roar of firecrackers, the old year has passed; The warm spring breeze ushered in the New Year, and people happily drank the newly brewed Tu Su wine. The rising sun sheds light on doors of each household, New peachwood charm is put up to replace the old.
translate
In the sound of firecrackers, the old year has passed, enjoying Tu Su wine in the warm spring breeze.
The rising sun shines on thousands of families, and they all take down the old peach blossom symbols and replace them with new ones.
To annotate ...
(1) January day: the first day of the first lunar month (the first day of the lunar new year), that is, the Spring Festival.
(2) Firecrackers: the crackling sound made by the ancients when they burned bamboo. It was used to exorcise ghosts and evil spirits, and later evolved into setting off firecrackers.
(3) Except for one year old: one year old has been used up. Year: year. Except: the past.
(4) send warm: send warm, send spring.
(5) Tu Su: the name of medicinal liquor. According to the ancient custom, the whole family drinks this wine soaked in Cao on New Year's Day to ward off evil spirits, avoid plague and live a long life.
(6) Thousands of households: every household. Describe a big house or many families.
(7) Bend: It looks bright and warm at sunrise.
(8) Day: New Year's Day.
(9) Peach: Fu Tao is an ancient custom. On the first day of the first lunar month, people write the names of Shen Tu and Lei Yu on a mahogany board and hang them by the door to ward off evil spirits. Also called Spring Festival couplets.
Introduction of works
Yuanri is a seven-character quatrain written by Wang Anshi, a politician in the Northern Song Dynasty. This is an impromptu poem about welcoming the new year in ancient times. This poem describes the scene of getting rid of the old and welcoming the new. Based on folk customs, it absorbs the typical materials of ordinary people during the Spring Festival, grasps the representative details of life: setting off firecrackers, drinking Tu Su wine and changing peach characters, which fully shows the happy atmosphere of the Spring Festival and is full of life breath.
works appreciation
This poem describes the moving scene of excitement, joy and Vientiane renewal on New Year's Day, and expresses the author's thoughts and feelings of reforming politics. Full of cheerful and positive spirit.
The first sentence, "One year old in firecrackers", sent away the old year and ushered in the new year in firecrackers. Sentences are closely related to the topic, rendering the lively and joyful atmosphere of the Spring Festival.
The second sentence, "Spring Breeze Warms Tu Su", describes people drinking Tu Su wine in the warm spring breeze.
The third sentence, "Every family is dying", is written that the glory of the rising sun shines on every family. Using "absolutely" to express the splendid scene at sunrise symbolizes the infinite bright future. In the conclusion, the phrase "Always exchange old symbols for new peaches" not only describes the folk custom at that time, but also contains the meaning of exchanging new cloth for old cloth.
"Fu Tao" is a kind of red wooden board painted with gods, which is hung on the door to ward off evil spirits. Every new year's day, take off the old peach symbol and put on a new one. "New peaches for old symbols" closely echoes the first sentence of firecrackers to send the old year, vividly showing the scene of Vientiane renewal.
Wang Anshi is not only a politician, but also a poet. Many of his poems about scenery and things contain strong political content. Through the description of New Year's Day and the new atmosphere of New Year's Day, this poem expresses its ambition, optimism and self-confidence of ruling reform, eliminating the old and enriching the people.
Creation background
This poem was written at the beginning of Wang Anshi's New Deal. In order to get rid of the political and economic crisis faced by the Song Dynasty and the constant intrusion of Liao and Xixia, 1068, Song Shenzong summoned Wang Anshi to "turn to the right repeatedly", and Wang Anshi immediately wrote to advocate political reform. The following year, he devoted himself to politics and presided over the political reform. In the New Year of the same year, Wang Anshi wrote this poem in association with the new atmosphere at the beginning of the political reform.
Brief introduction of the author
Wang Anshi (102 1 year 18 February 18-1086 May 2 1 day), whose real name is a politician, writer and thinker in the Northern Song Dynasty, is one of the "Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
Wang Anshi wrote a lot in his life. In addition to poetry creation, there are a considerable number of academic works involving Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism.