He was driven into the dark valley by fate, but he planted lilies in the valley.
1. Su Dongpo is brilliant.
At the age of 265,438+0, he went to Beijing to take the exam and wrote The Theory of Criminal Loyalty, which was greatly appreciated by the examiner Ouyang Xiu and won the second place (Ouyang Xiu thought it was Ceng Gong's article, but in order to avoid suspicion, he gave the second place). After this article, he was included in China's View of Ancient Literature. You know, this is a young man of 2 1 year old.
Ouyang Xiu's evaluation: I don't feel sweaty after reading The Book of Poetry. Soon! I should avoid the road and let him out.
Even predicted that decades later, the world will not remember him but only Su Shi.
Su Shi is not only unique in his creation, but also ranks among the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. In the creation of ci, he started a bold school with poetry as his ci. It can even be said that if there is no Su Shi, there may be no later Xin Qiji. In poetry, although he and Huang Tingjian are called Su Huang, as far as overall achievements are concerned, it can be said that no one can compare with him in the whole Song Dynasty. In calligraphy, he is listed as one of Song Sijia. At that time, many people were proud that Mo Bao got Su Shi. In painting, his dead wood ink bamboo is unique in literati painting.
It can be said that Su Shi was born after the peak of cultural development in China, and he is the product of the times.
2. Su Shi really cares about people and things.
During his stay in Korea, Su Shi had political differences with people because of the reform of the new law. Many people say that Su Shi is stupid. In fact, whether Su Shi opposes the thorough implementation of the new law or abolishes it, he stands on whether it is beneficial to the people.
During his tenure at the local level, he also did many good deeds for the people, saved the locust plague in Mizhou, personally led the people in fighting floods in Xuzhou and built the Su Causeway in Hangzhou.
Even after being demoted, he is doing his best to benefit the people, helping abandoned babies in Huangzhou and donating money to build bridges in Huizhou.
Su Shi wrote a large number of poems about people's livelihood, expressing deep sympathy for the suffering people and satirizing excessive taxes and official inaction.
Silkworms want to be old, wheat is half yellow, and rain waves are behind the mountains. The farmer dropped out of school and abandoned the basket, and the white fairy was in the hall. ("Tour Tianzhu Kannonji in the Rain")
Satire bureaucrats, stand aloof and watch people's disasters.
I am the messenger of Zhu Jiujiu, urging farmers to enter Xinghua Village. Now the scenery is picturesque, and the county magistrate urges money to knock at the door at night. ("Chen Jichang Zhu Chencun Wedding Photo II")
This is a satire on the heavy taxes imposed by the imperial court, which made the people unable to bear the burden and led to the desolation of the countryside.
More infectious are his Wu Zhong Tian Fu Tan and Litchi Tan.
Japonica rice ripens late this year. When will the frost wind come? Frost wind came, rain poured down, and fungus grew on loquat head.
My eyes are dry and my tears are endless. I can't bear to see Huang Sui lying in the mud! Stay overnight in January, and take food with you when it is sunny.
Sweating into the market, the price is as cheap as chaff. Selling cattle, paying taxes, tearing down houses and cooking are not as superficial as going hungry next year.
Officials today want money instead of rice, and northwest Wan Li recruits Qiang people. Palace is more bitter in the imperial court, but it is better to be a Hebo woman! (Wu Zhongtian Fu Tan)
A fly in ten miles, a fire in five miles. I know it's litchi and longan.
Flying over the mountains and seas, the leaves and branches of the wind are as fresh as new ones. As soon as the beauty in the palace broke her face, she was shocked by heaven and man, and her blood spilled for thousands of years.
Yongyuan litchi came to Jiaozhou, and Tianbao took it from tribute. So far, I want to eat Fu Lin's meat, and no one has been there.
I hope god has mercy on the child, I won't get sores. Rain is good for gold, but people are not hungry or cold.
Have you noticed that the grain buds of Wuyi River are Cai's favorite? Strive for new pets, each with his own plans, and strive for official tea this year.
What does my king lack? Why is your mouth so ugly? Luoyang Xiang Jun loyal home, pity also into Yao Huanghua. ("Litchi Sigh")
Among them, Litchi Tan was written by him when he relegated Huizhou. This depends on a person's personality, and often depends on his performance when he is frustrated. Su Shi was banished from the wild in his later years, which is already a trough in the trough, but he still cares about the people.
Even at the expense of speaking out for the people, offending powerful people and exposing the shameless behavior of bureaucrats fighting for new things by name, Su Shi's love for the people can be seen.
If it is only the above-mentioned feature, Su Shi will only make us feel that he is a respected and admired elder.
He is still loved by countless people after thousands of years, including Su Shi's true temperament, approachable and unrestrained.
3. true temperament.
Su Shi has a famous saying:
Words come from the heart and rush to the mouth. If you spit them out, you will be against others. If you think you'd rather be against others, you'll spit them out. ("Four Chapters")
It was Su Shi who had an idea in his heart that he wanted to say it. His heart is consistent with his words.
This is why his article has great appeal, because it runs through the truth.
Su Shi's true temperament actually has its philosophical basis. In Su Shi's philosophical system, emotion occupies an ontological position, and everything must be rooted in human feelings.
So his making friends, writing and being an official are all based on his inner feelings. Su Shi is a man of true temperament, not hypocritical.
Smart and accessible
Su Shi is a smart, approachable and informal person.
Su Shi's loyalty and punishment for evil said: "Hao Tao is a scholar and can kill people. Said to kill the third, Yao said to kill the third. "
Both Ou and Mei admire his writing, but they don't know the source of these words. Su Shi thanked him and asked him. Su Shi replied, "How do you know the source!" It can be seen that Su Shi is heroic.
In the well-known Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia, Shang Kun said that "humanity is the Chibi of the Three Kingdoms Zhou Lang". This "humanity is" actually shows that this place is not the real ancient battlefield of Chibi, and Su Shi only uses Chibi to express his feelings.
Su Shi visited Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism, studied their thoughts, made friends with people of Buddhism and Taoism, and spread many stories.
Hu Yin, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said Su Ci in the Preface to Wine Prescription.
The Su family in Meishan, washed with beautiful fragrance, got rid of the degree of turning around for a rainy day, making people climb high and look far, hold their heads high and sing, and escape from the dirt.
Writing is the externalization of people's inner spirit, and the reason why Su Shi's ci makes people feel chic and detached is precisely because of his inner spirit.
The poem that best reflects Su Shi's natural agility and understanding is Dingfengbo;
Don't pay attention to the beating rain in the forest. Mei sings a long whistle and walks leisurely. Bamboo poles and sandals are more dexterous than riding horses. What's to be afraid of? A raincoat and hemp fiber, despite the wind and rain, still live my life.
The coolness of spring breeze awakens my wine, and the cold begins to be cold, and the peak of the sun is the sun, but it is satisfied in time. Looking back at the place where I met the wind and rain, going back, for me, there is no wind and rain, but it is still sunny.
In the down and out of life, he still maintains the natural and unrestrained life, and only Su Shi can listen!
amiable and easy of approach
Although Su Shi is brilliant and important, he has never been an "adult" image, but he is approachable.
He himself said, "You can accompany the jade emperor in the world, and you can accompany the beggars in the wilderness."
He made many civilian friends, including farmers and singers, in the relegated Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou.
According to legend, Su Shi was relegated to Hainan and met an old woman, comforting Su Shi: "Inner Han was rich in the past, and it was a dream in spring!" People in the village call this woman "the woman who dreams of spring".
Song Sushi's "Drinking Alone to Ziyun Weihui's Thousands of Li Sifu": "Every time you throw a shuttle, you will be trapped in the neighboring east, and only change the fan every time." An old civilian woman stayed in Su Shi's poems.
6. Be proud of the hardships of life.
A talented person who cares about the world should have a beautiful and smooth life.
But no one can tell fate. Su Shi also studied this problem, and finally he came to the conclusion that it is normal that heaven and humanity are not equal, and it is accidental that good people are rewarded.
Su Shi's life is like a roller coaster here. Thanks to Su Dongpo, if he were an ordinary person, he would be tortured to death.
What attracts Su Shi most is his contempt for suffering.
First of all, this is reflected in the poem "Looking back at the bleak place, never coming back, rain or shine" written by Ding Feng during his Huangzhou period; The breeze and bright moon in Qianchibi Fu.
The external amorous feelings, rain and snow can't affect Su Shi, which actually means "changing circumstances at will" in Buddhism.
Su Shi was demoted to Hainan in his later years, and he wrote a poem "Stay in the wind for five miles in Wokou on October 1st":
There has been no wind in Changhuai for a long time, so let's be clear. At present, when the snow waves are full, I begin to feel the Ye Ping Pass.
I can't breathe for a long time before two big mountains control us. The lone boat is a mulberry, dancing all night.
The boatman calls more, but the weak cable leans. I have been proud of worrying all my life, and I have been embarrassed for a long time.
Ghosts bully me, let me talk. There is still wine in the bottle. Who can quit?
Su Shi's attitude is that he is a master, his life is miserable and his fate is uncontrollable. This is Su Shi's absolute belief in self-strength. "I am the only one in the world."
The late Su Shi researcher Mr. Leng once said:
If people fight against fate, they will always be losers, because fate is born when people fight against it. When people no longer simply fight against fate, but use it as a means to improve the moral realm, fate disappears and the realm appears. The realm is not to abandon fate, but to contain and observe fate at a higher level-a metaphysical value.
In this way, everything you experience is food. Impermanent fate becomes a means to develop one's personal realm.
Just like this, Su Dongpo's relegation experience in Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou did not destroy him. On the contrary, he took his master's attitude and unpredictable fate as his personal realm, and finally reached his ultimate spiritual path.
It is clear, lofty, vast and vast.
We can get a glimpse of it in Crossing the Sea on the evening of June 20th.
On the third night, the bitter rain will eventually clear up.
Who decorated the clouds and the moon? Natural beauty and clarification of ocean colors.
In his spare time, Chaucer took advantage of music to get a general understanding of Xuanyuan's music.
I don't hate the narrow escape in the south. I spent the rest of my life traveling.
The bitter rain finally dissipated, and the bright moon hung high, clear and vast between the sea and the sky.
This is the clarity of Su Shi's mood in his later years.
Su Shi's unyielding attitude towards the fate of suffering and his exploration of the solution to suffering provided spiritual support and solutions for countless people who were abused by fate in later generations.
He was driven into the dark valley by fate, but he planted lilies in the valley.
Being demoted to Huangzhou changed from Su Shi to Su Dongpo.
Dongpo is a piece of land of Su Shi in Huangzhou. He used to farm there, so he was named Dongpo layman.
It is also this turning point that his love for the people, his natural and unrestrained, his approachability, his arrogance and his unyielding attitude towards suffering and fate are all presented in an unprecedented way.
For Dongpo, his tragic fate may be unfortunate, but it is lucky for countless readers in later generations.
A little helpless, assuming there is heaven, I want to ask him what he thinks. )
If Su Shi belongs to the Northern Song Dynasty, then Su Dongpo belongs to the eternal.