The second song, Henghua, is that it is better to have no life than to know me like this. The second song is sadder. Of course, life is doomed to old age and death. But if you have your happiness, your joy and your hope in your life, aren't you a place with a lot of coke? However, the poet said, knowing that I am so beautiful and Ye Qingqing, it is better to have no life. If I had known that I lived such a life, I might as well not have been born in this world. What kind of life do you think? Is there no joy in life and nothing to be happy about? It is conceivable that if it is not in a miserable life, why would a person say that it is better to know me like this than not to live at all? Everyone is greedy for life and hates it. It's always because there are things in your life that can be missed and rejoiced. If your life is not missed and rejoiced, why don't you know me like this without life? This is a very profound aspect of writing about life's worries, and what deserves your attention is its Ye Qingqing. Some people pronounce the word qingqing directly. If it is green, it just means that the color is green. If it is pronounced as Huaqing, that is to say, Qingqing can be pronounced as Huaqing, which is the appearance of lush leaves. So when you say these flowers are flourishing, they are Ye Qingqing. Isn't that the leaves are still flourishing? Why do the following two sentences say that there is no life, so it is better to know me? It's so sad. Mao Zhuan said "Xing" and "Bi", which is very good. Finally, from the essence of leaves, it is better to think of nothing, prosperity and beauty. If it is Xing, that would be wonderful. We all saw the beauty of vegetation, so the peach blossom flew away and burned up its splendor. We also thought that our son would return to China and should be at home. If it is direct excitement, why do you say that no life is better than no life when you see such beautiful and lush leaves? Of course, Mao Zhuan didn't explain it, but I can quote two poems of the ancients to explain it.
As we all know, there was a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty, Li Shangyin, and Li Shangyin had a poem "Yong Huai", which was about abstinence, but you sang all night in vain. He said that this cicada, because it lives on a branch, is very tall and unpalatable. If you are on the ground and there are so many bugs, what can't you eat? What can I eat on such a high branch? So I can only eat the wind and drink the dew. You can only eat wind and drink dew, so your pure heart is hungry, and you sing in vain all night. You bark in the tree all day, who listens! Who wants to listen to your crying, you scream, who is moved by your crying, in vain, aren't you in vain? You screamed in vain. No one appreciates you, no one cares about you, and your pure heart is hungry because of this. You have been singing in vain all night. You wasted so many voices shouting there, oh, this last broken breath, it's so cold in the night, Luo Zhou can't stand it. When it is cold, especially in autumn, cicada's life will come to an end. Barking intermittently, unable to get through. Look at that cicada, it is so loud in summer, but it is so slow in autumn, isn't it? Oh, take a breath at this last fragment? What I want to write is the last sentence. What did Li Shangyin say about this? Say oh, this last broken breath, a tree is green and heartless, cicadas fall on the tree, and there are so many green leaves on the tree. The leaves are so lush and green, what's the matter? Why are they heartless? Because, such a beautiful and lush leaf, which one is concerned about the life of this cicada, which one is sympathetic to the life of this cicada, and which one can help this dead cicada? No, not one. So oh, this last broken breath, the tree is heartless; So green leaves can be so heartless and wonderful. This is authenticity, which means that you are intellectually inexplicable. Because intellectually, what you write is not as sad as dead, but the image written on your appearance is so lush. So, you think this ratio, you can't compare it. Decline is better than decline, and death is better than death. How can you say that there is no such lush life? So he said it was xing, which was the poet's feeling. You don't know that you accidentally saw a cloud shadow in the sky and a fallen leaf in the forest, which is why you are worried. You don't know its end, your sadness comes from your heart, you don't know its end, and you don't know how to explain it rationally. Therefore, this is xing, which is a feeling for no reason, as explained in Mao Zhuan.
However, Zhuan Zhu said that this is better than. There is a reason for the comparison. You have to give a reason and make reasonable arrangements. That is comparison. So what did Zhuan Zhu say? Zhu is great. He said that there used to be flowers, but now they have fallen, leaving only leaves. It's so sad. The wind blew crimson, the green leaves covered the branches, and the wind blew crimson, so now the green leaves are covered, so it's sad, because the leaves are so lush as far as flowers are concerned. In Li Qingzhao's words, he said he would ask the shutter, but he said Haitang was still there. Do you know that it should be green, so the green manure of leaves represents scattered red and thin flowers. So in a word, this poem is associated with the sadness of life from flowers and their leaves. Why should we say that there is no life? Because his life is really sad, that's the third song, sheep's head grave, and Samsung is here. People can eat, but they are seldom full. The ewe is a ewe; Grave, that is, it has a big head This head is very big, which means that the meat on it is very thin. That is to say, in a very poor age, it goes without saying that people don't have enough food to eat, and even their cattle and sheep don't have enough food and grass for them to eat, so three stars are in front of the sheep's grave. A fishnet is a fishnet used for fishing. If the fishing net is full of fish, how can you see the three stars in the sky reflected in the fishing net? Therefore, the three stars in your sky shine among the fish, which means that there are no fish caught, and there are no fish. It is true that people have no food, cattle and sheep have no food, and fish can't be caught. Therefore, at Yangtoufen, Samsung is squatting. People can eat, but they are seldom full. This new word means to read fresh, but less means less. Write the most basic life with the most basic and simple image. Yao Tao's most basic happiness and Heng Zhihua's most basic sadness. This is the image and affection of our early poetry, which is expressed in the Book of Songs.
You see, it changed in the Tang Dynasty. Behind them are two poems by Chen Ziang and Zhang Jiuling. Let's look at this poem by Chen Ziang first. He said: "Lan Ruosheng is born in spring and summer, and He Qingqing is flourishing; You are alone in the forest, and Zhu has purple stems. It's getting late, and the autumn wind is born; When the China era is gone forever, how can Fang Yi become? " He used plants, birds and animals said, he used plants, and I said poems about flowers. So they are all plants, he said orchids, orchids are orchids, look at so many orchids; If-if Du Ruo. Du Ruo is also a kind of flower, Lan Ruo, orchid and Du Ruo. These are two kinds of flowers that Qu Yuan appreciates most in Chu Ci, namely orchids and Du Ruo. It is said that Lan Ruo was born in spring and summer. In spring and summer, everything grows, orchids and Rico are flourishing, and Qianwei is a lush green vegetation. How's it going? Qingqing is lush, and it is lush, and Qingqing is actually lush. Where did he say this orchid and Du Ruo grow? It's in the open forest. An empty forest, a mountain forest without people. Color is a beautiful color in an empty forest. In the empty and uninhabited forest, there are such beautiful colors, so since it is in the empty and uninhabited forest, it is lonely and quiet. It is lonely and no one appreciates it. Therefore, there is also a poem in the Tang Dynasty that if bloom can be folded straight, someone will enjoy the flowers. If you love it, you fold it, which means you love it and you will appreciate it. Even if it is folded, it is willing, because someone loves it! But now the flowers in this empty forest don't even look at it. Empty forest color, so it is lonely, quiet, lonely, lonely and empty forest color. However, are plants and flowers open for you to see them? If you don't look at it, it won't open, it will still open. Therefore, although it is a lonely and empty forest color, it is the purple stem of Zhu, which no one appreciates and is so beautiful. It is the purple stem of Zhu, Zhu's color, purple color, such a beautiful life, such a beautiful color, no one has ever seen it! It was open and no one saw it. So it is late at night, slowly and slowly. The sunny sky, from sunrise to sunset, sunset, swaying autumn wind blowing up. It's getting late, the autumn wind is born, and the New Year has passed. This is a year. China is youth, a year of youth; Unexpectedly, it has completely withered. All the flowers and plants have withered. Even if you are a purple-stemmed orchid, you are also haggard and withered. So it's getting late, the autumn wind is blowing, and the old China is crumbling, completely crumbling. How can you be happy? Fang Yi, your fragrance, your beauty, your life, your friendship; Finally, finally, what did you accomplish? You didn't fight for nothing, no one saw you, no one appreciated you, where is the meaning and value of your life? It's getting late and the autumn wind is blowing. One day, China's age is declining. How can you be happy? You lived in vain, lived in vain, lived in vain, lived in vain. What's the point? This is Chen Ziang's poem Feeling.
The following is Zhang Jiuling's poem Feeling. These two poems happen to be relative, which are quite different from Peach Blossom and Constant Flower just now. Yao Tao is the direct and most basic joy and sorrow of life. But now I have some introspection on some people's thoughts, the essence and thinking of some thoughts, and the meaning of thinking is integrated into it, that is to say, where is the meaning and value of your life. Therefore, Chen Ziang's poem means that your life is valuable and useful. Someone needs to know you, appreciate you and appoint you. This is the value and meaning of your life. But immediately, you can see that there is an opposite saying, that is, Zhang Jiuling, who said, "The leaves of orchids are tender in spring, and the flesh of osmanthus is bright in autumn. Life in the world is full of vitality, which naturally conforms to the beautiful season. However, why do you think that a forest hermit, attracted by the sweet wind, is satisfied with beauty and will not be transplanted more than any other natural flower? "Zhang Jiuling said well. He also said that orchids in spring and delicate orchid leaves. Look at the leaves of orchids. In spring, a leaf grows so luxuriantly. Osmanthus fragrans in autumn, osmanthus fragrans, has such a bright yellow. Autumn is in the tree. He said that life is independent. Whether it is orchids or osmanthus, they all show a kind of life and are thriving. With such joy and happiness, it shows a kind of happiness in life. This is the same. The task of adapting them to the growth of seasonal life is himself, everyone himself, and himself; For festivals, there is a beautiful season. Orchids are born in spring. They have a beautiful spring. Osmanthus fragrans blooms in autumn, and autumn has a beautiful season. As long as you have lived, as long as you have lived, as long as you have had a brilliant life, you are worthy of your life. He said that life is self-sufficient, which makes them adapt to the four seasons, but why do you think that a forest hermit, seduced by the sweet wind, is content with beauty? Who would have thought that it was in the deep mountains, living in seclusion, smelling the wind, and he smelled the fragrance of this orchid and osmanthus. So, he likes you and appreciates a kind of love. Enjoy the fragrance, mountain people, smell the fragrance of orchids and osmanthus. He said that I really appreciate this orchid and osmanthus. I'll go and have a look. I'll break a branch! But Zhang Jiuling said: I am an orchid, and I am a sweet-scented osmanthus. I don't need your appreciation or your comparison. Plants have their own hearts. As a plant, nature has its own life. I naturally have my own beauty. I don't expect anything from beautiful women, even if you are a beautiful woman. You will find that this is emotionally different from Yao Tao and Henghua. In Yao Tao and Yihua, he added a lot of introspection, ideals and aspirations from the most natural, essential and simple basic joys and sorrows of life, and there was rational speculation in it, which was not a direct and simple metaphor like the Book of Songs. What does it have? It is the most ancient China. Illustrates his ideal and significance as a person. This is a metonymy, which goes further than the original Book of Songs in content and expression.
Ok, now let's look at the third group of poems, which are two fallen petal poems. Chen in the Qing Dynasty, you see, is becoming more and more complicated, and it is also an out-of-date poem. Life and death know that the color is empty, but it is comparable to the United States and the East Wind. Wake up birds who hate singing, fall in love with nettles, stay awake in the rain and end in spring. There is no such thing as reincarnation, except to ask Weng. Let's watch the first song first, and then watch the second song later. These two poems are very wonderful. They are all classic, but they are fresh, with classic expression and content. Because the words in them often have a source, that is, the peach blossom flew away and burned its brilliance. Among the earliest poets in the Zhou Dynasty, he was primitive. He doesn't rely on it, he doesn't look up the dictionary, he doesn't look for any books, he feels it by intuition, so he says it by intuition. But now, the words of these two poems have both origins and connections. If I really want to use a modern western theoretical point of view, as we said at the beginning, my explanation now is a modern point of view, even if it doesn't need a little modern theory. Just because I am a modern person, I combine these poems and make such an explanation. This is something I haven't done before. This is already a modern view. Now, if we say a modern point of view, in addition to what my point of view says, according to my reception aesthetics, everyone who accepts it, every reader, has already integrated himself into it. Every reader has his own different reading horizon, a reading horizon, and everyone has his own sense of development, not only that. Now, because I say that it uses all the words of the ancients, it blends in and condenses in it. There is a word in the west called intertextuality. When we say the text of an article, we say it is the text, but we don't call it the article, we call it the text, which is different. It is a text, this article, a topic, an independent thing. Not fixed. Its life is given to it by your readers. It's a text message. This is not a text message. It's a text message. The text of this article itself is a thing. Everyone reads it. There can be different understandings and different feelings. Moreover, in this passage, every word it uses is every language it uses. In principle, languages are symbols and symbols, and every language is a symbol. If the symbols of each language are used in a country or a nation for a long time, then this language symbol carries a kind of traditional information of this country and this nation. At this time, this symbol, this language is not just a single language, it has a cultural background in it, and at this time it becomes a cultural code, a cultural code and a language code, which will give you a lot of associations. So you can have many associations in a poem. In fact, it originated from the German linguist Saussure. He said that every language has two axes, one is the horizontal axis, that is, the grammatical structure, and the other is the vertical line. This is your associated structure, which consists of two lines, one horizontal and one vertical. Then this association is on the vertical axis, so there is an inter in the middle, which is the intertextuality between them. Now China translated it into intertextuality, that is, intertextuality. In this text, there are other people's texts, that is, the relationship between these texts is combined into a very rich content.
Life and death know nothing. You see the flowers have fallen. From birth to death, you said that I had already understood it philosophically. If I had known the color was empty, I would have died. This is an unchanging truth from ancient times to modern times. I knew the color was empty when I was born and died. The ancients said I can't stand it, but ideologically and philosophically, I know that there is life and death, that is, color emptiness; I have understood it philosophically for a long time, but you can be patient with your country and make friends with the east wind, and you are mentally prepared. Rationally speaking, you say I agree and I agree. But emotionally, how can you stand it? Can you stand it? Can you stand it? What can I stand, is to pour the power of the whole country and pay Dongfeng? Such a beautiful color is now blown away by the east wind. So I know knowing is one thing, but I can't stand it. I can't stand this sadness, so I said, "Life and death are empty." But I can pay the east wind to wake up those birds who hate crying. It was the birds outside that woke me up. There are words here. Meng Haoran's I woke up easily in this spring morning, and birds were singing everywhere, but now I remember that night, that storm, and I don't know how many flowers were broken. So the fallen flower, he used a text written by an ancient man, because it was when I woke up in the bright spring morning last night. When I woke up, there were birds everywhere, and the birds woke me up. In the Tang Dynasty, there was another poem about driving away orioles. All their music came from trees. They woke her up when she was dreaming. She went to the camp in western Liaoning to be with him. I dreamed that my husband was at the front line in western Liaoning, and I was having a party with him in the dream, but the orioles woke me up and drove the orioles away. Don't shout on the branches, they woke her up when she was dreaming. When you screamed at the oriole, you awakened my dream. She went to Liaoxi camp to be with him, and I dreamed that Liaoxi was with the person I loved. You woke me up before I arrived, so he said to wake the birds. Of course, in fact, Tang poetry is all about reality, realistic dreams, realistic birdsong, and birdsong woke me up. But when Chen was used as a poet in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, he was neither a realistic flower nor a realistic bird. How many dreams does life have? Have you ever had a beautiful dream in love? Have you ever had a dream in your career? What is this? What, what language, awakened your love dream? What, what language, awakened your career dream, awakened your dream, such a beautiful dream, is a screaming bird, suddenly a screaming bird awakened your dream. Who, what, and what language awakened your dream, fell in love with a net bug and was caught in the net. When the falling flower floated down, it landed on the spider web. Xin Qiji wrote a poem that hurt spring, saying that drawing a spider web on the roof would make a fuss. Only the spider web under the eaves has kept falling flowers and flying flocs, which is also the water that falls out of the spring flowers. The fallen flower is a spider web. Leave this fallen flower there. Does the spider have feelings for this flower? Is the silk on the spider's web the thread of love? In love, if cobwebs are sentimental, how about catching fallen flowers? Is it lucky? But maybe it's luck, I didn't let you drift, I left you there, but when you look back, it's not a beautiful flower that you are caught in a spider web. There are flies and mosquitoes on the spider web! You can see that this poet wrote a very delicate and complicated realm of life, from the simple Book of Songs to the rational expression and ambition in the Tang Dynasty. We all have feelings, whether it's your family, your friends, your lovers or your children. You have tangled feelings for them, and they also have tangled feelings for you, which is of course a beautiful thing. It's freezing in the cold, sleepless in rainy nights and winding in spring, which has another source, intertextuality. This is Li Houzhu's words, cold and insomnia in the rain. Outside the curtain, the rain is gurgling, spring is fading, and Luo Can can't stand the cold. I don't know if I am a dream guest, but I am insatiable in one day. Don't lean against the fence alone, it is infinite, and it is easier to see when you are away. Running water falls from flowers and disappears in spring. On earth and in the sky, it is flowing water, so Luozhou can't stand the cold in front of the fallen flower. So now he says it's raining and it's gurgling outside the curtain. Luo woke you up. Luo Can can't stand five years of cold, and neither can you. May is the coldest day. Once, you couldn't stand the cold of Luofu, in the continuous rain outside the curtain. After waking up from this dream, he means, what is this? Spring is running out, Luofu is cold and rainy, and spring is full of twists and turns. This means that Du Qiuniang has a poem "Jin Lu Qu", which advises you not to cherish golden clothes and to cherish youth. When the flowers should be folded, we should fold them quickly, and don't wait for the flowers to wither before folding one. So he said that spring had stopped, and the golden bunches and flowers had fallen. You can't fold the branches in vain, and the golden thread will end in spring. Everything is over, the flowers have fallen, and there is no such thing as reincarnation. Myth says that there is a kind of rejuvenation fragrance. If you light this rejuvenation fragrance next to the dead, you can revive the dead. Will someone really come back from the dead in the world? There is no such thing as reincarnation incense, no, no, and it will never come back. Flowers fall and never return to the branches; When people die, they will never come back to the world. There is no such thing as reincarnation incense, except to play Tong Ming and ask Beyon, why? Why do people have to die when they are alive? Why is there joy and sadness in life? Why? So Qu Yuan wrote Tian Wen very early and asked why this day was like this!
The second poem, before running water, the stream goes or stays, and the lingering fragrance is swaying in the green pond. Swallow fish can be thick and covered with mud and moss. It is difficult to find a pure land when you are big, but it is closest to a tall building when you are sad. Pigeons never have heavy branches and leaves. They grow gloomy in summer and seldom rest. Isn't it said that running water will fade in spring? The flowing water in western Guizhou, why do you say western Guizhou? Because there is a poem in China's ancient Yuefu poems called "Qianxinan Qu", which is the name of a song. There are two sentences in "Qianxinan Qu", saying that flowers drift with the flow, flowers fall with the flow, the flow falls with the spring, and flowers drift with the flow. What do you see? When did you see the flowers come back with the running water? No, so running water disappeared in spring, so he used an ancient Yuefu poem. Before the running water, the stream went and stayed, and the lingering fragrance swayed in the head of Bichi. This poem is really detailed and beautifully written. Look at China's classical poems. With the development of the times, the content and feelings have gradually become so complicated and the expression techniques are so exquisite that people can't fall behind. The flower fell, it fell from now on, and we were broken. It really doesn't exist. But the most unbearable thing is that although the flowers have fallen, the fragrance is still there, and the lingering fragrance is still floating around. So where did the fallen flower go? Some fell in the soil and were picked up by swallows to make nests. Some landed on the fish and fell into the water. The fish vomited and vomited, and the fish swallowed it. It used fallen flowers as bait, so it swallowed it and wanted to swallow it. Well, do you think swallows and fish are passionate about falling flowers? So it will pick you up to make a nest and swallow you as bait. On the surface, you seem very close, but mud and moss cover up your for different reasons. Did you fall into the soil and be polluted, or did you fall into the moss and be covered up? There is actually another source, interest. It was at the end of the Tang Dynasty, and there was a poet named Han Wo, whose fine print was Dong Lang. Han Donglang's two fallen petal poems, he said, always teach moss to cover up the feelings of ease, and if it is muddy, it will be more sad. Where did you leave the flowers? If you fall on the moss ground and are covered with moss, it is still gratifying; If you fall into the mud and get dirty by it, it's sad. Therefore, he said that dirt and moss cover you, and moss cover you is still comforting, but you are still more sad when you are dirty. The reasons for dirt and moss cover are different. Everyone has everyone's life, everyone has everyone's destiny, and everyone has different experiences. As a life, what happened to you? Whether it's dirt or moss, the reasons are different. Everyone's karma is different, and everyone's experience is different. So he said that a swallow's fish can be thick, and mud and moss cover it up for different reasons. It's hard to find a piece of pure land in the shed, but the saddest thing is that the flowers will fall near the tall building. The saddest thing is that flowers falling from high places are already short. You didn't see it fall, but it already did. However, what fell from such a high place, the saddest thing is that it is near a tall building, and it also has a source, using Du Fu's poems. What does Du Fu's poem say? Speaking of flowers, as high as my window, hurts the heart of a wanderer, because I see from this height that sadness is everywhere. Just look at this late Qing poet. He combines the works of predecessors, Li Houzhu's poems, Han Wo's poems, Du Fu's poems, and poems written by predecessors and people in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu's poems are closely related to the combination of reality.