sakura
(1) Morphology, variety and ornamental characteristics Sakura, also known as Japanese Sakura, is a deciduous tree of Prunus in Rosaceae. In spring, the flower tips open before the leaves, pink or white, and the bustling branches are unusually gorgeous. There are many kinds of flowers, including double, semi-double and single. Double petals and semi-double petals are usually not strong, mainly for ornamental purposes, and are famous flowers and trees. Japan is widely planted, and cherry blossoms all over the country come in spring, which is vast and magnificent and is known as the national flower of Japan. There are many kinds of cherry blossoms, and one belongs to cherry blossoms, which was often called cherry blossoms in ancient China. In the Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi wrote a poem, "A small garden is newly planted with red cherry trees, which swim around the flowers". At the same time, Liu Yuxi also has a poem "Chiba cherry leaves shine like snow". It can be seen that cherry trees have been artificially cultivated in ancient China and entered the courtyards of literati, but cherry trees are the main ornamental flowers and trees, which can be famous all over the world. Japanese cherry blossoms can be roughly divided into two categories: Hongshan cherry blossoms and Baishan cherry blossoms. Hongshan cherry blossoms are hardy and mostly planted in northern Japan, while Baishan cherry blossoms like warm climate and are mostly planted in southern Honshu. There are more than 200 varieties cultivated artificially, most of which have been cultivated artificially in recent years. The most introduced and cultivated variety in China is Cai Xiaying, also known as Peony Sakura, with rose-red flowers and double petals; The drooping Kyoto cherry blossoms have long double stems and droop when they open. Cherry blossoms are suitable for planting in parks, campuses, streets, mountains, waterfront and other places, whether it is group planting or solitary planting. In the campuses of Wuhan University, Nanjing Forestry University and other places, cherry blossoms are quite flourishing and have become a local afternoon scenery.
(2) Origin, Ecological Characteristics and Management Cherry blossoms are native to Japan, and some other species are native to China. Most species like humidity, are not resistant to dry wind, and are more cold-resistant, but not heat-resistant. Introduced to South China, some varieties can grow, but the growth is poor and the flowers are not prosperous. The requirements for soil are not very strict. Generally, arable soil such as peaches and plums can grow normally. Trees can grow naturally without pruning, but too dense and weak branches should be cut off to improve canopy ventilation and increase illumination. Like light, the planting should be sparse, the tall trees around should not be shaded, and the roots should be shallow, which can not tolerate strong winds. It is advisable to choose a sunny and sheltered place. General varieties do not need fertilization after planting. For the more expensive varieties, it is necessary to loosen the soil and bacon at the flower bud formation stage and before flowering in late summer and early autumn every year, and each fertilization 1 time can improve the flowering quality. Less diseases, pay attention to drainage in rainy season to prevent impregnation. Find pests such as aphids and scale insects as soon as possible, cut off and destroy branches with insects, and spray pesticides such as dimethoate to prevent and control them; In addition, longicorn beetles harm tree trunks and scarabs harm leaves, so adults should be lured and killed with poison bait in time and sprayed with chemical solution for control.
(3) Propagation technique: The original seed bears fruit after flowering and can be propagated by seeds. Seedless seeds cannot be stored dry, so they should be sown in wet sand bed in time to accelerate germination. 1 year-old seedlings can be used for grafting and drilling, and 2-year-old seedlings can be planted in nursery. Cultivars do not bear fruit after flowering, and adopt asexual propagation methods such as grafting, layering, cutting and rameting. Grafting is the main way to raise seedlings, which can be carried out with original seeds or cherry rootstocks, and can be carried out in early spring when the leaf buds are not sprouted, cut or sprouted. Layering can be carried out in the vigorous growth period, and strong side branches can be selected. General varieties can be raised by cutting with tender branches, and rare varieties are not easy to survive by cutting. There are often sprouting plants among root plants, which can be dug out and planted before flowering.