Manjianghong Zhong Qiu Ye Chao
Song Dynasty: Shi Dazu
All waters return to the yin, so the tide is
Manjianghong Zhong Qiu Ye Chao
Song Dynasty: Shi Dazu
All waters return to the yin, so the tide is full moon. Partial only, cool autumn and half broken, fighting into a pair of unique. Something grinds the golden mirror, who will take the galaxy? I'm going to ask Zixu to see Chang 'e tonight, and I've come to settle my grievances.
Under the light, the dragon *; Straight up, toad hole. Looking at the world, the hole is like a brush. Excitement can drive away powder, and a toast can swallow five mountains. The Ming dynasty said it was like Cao, and my heart was breaking!
translate
The surging river belongs to the sea, and the ebb and flow of seawater are all related to the moon. Just wait until, after half an autumn, they spell a bright full moon and spectacular tides. At this time, after someone wiped the surface again, the moon seemed brighter and rounder. The arrival of the river tide is like the milky way being dug a gap and rushing down. When I think of Wu Zixu who died unjustly, I will look at Chang 'e in the moon palace.
The moonlight poured down on the dragon cave on the seabed. The tide showed the moon official where toad was hiding. The space full of moonlight is bright and clean, while the vast sea is as white as snow, and the vast world is clean and clear, just like brushing it with a brush. I went straight into the sky, as if to drive away the makeup in the middle of the month. He raised his glass to drink, as if he could swallow wuyue and China in one breath. Tomorrow, if I tell my children about the wonders I saw in the tide watching tonight and the lofty sentiments I generated, they will be terrified!
To annotate ...
Man Jianghong: epigraph name, also known as Shang Jianghong, Nian Liangyou and Shang Chunqu. Two-tone 93 words, the first 47 words, eight sentences and four rhymes; The last movie has forty-six words, ten sentences and five rhymes. Most people use phonology.
Yin: refers to depression.
Tide letter: tide. Because of its timing, it is called "Chaoxin".
Half broken: refers to half a month.
Fight: Fight. Double stop: refers to the full moon and tide.
Golden mirror: the metaphor of the moon.
Grab (nájué): Grab. Take it.
Zi Xu: Wu Zixu was a doctor of the State of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Injustice: A long-standing grievance refers to the fact that Fu Cha, the king of Wu, did not listen to Wu Zixu's advice and gave him a sword to commit suicide.
Dragon *: It is said that there is a palace where dragons live underwater, that is, the Dragon Palace.
Straight up: refers to the sound of the tide.
Toad Cave: Moon Palace. According to ancient legend, there is a toad on the moon, namely *.
Dong Ran: The appearance is clean. Brush: brush away dirt.
Make-up: white powder on the face and black in the painting are all cosmetic ornaments used by women.
"Toast" sentence: Fu Cha, the king of Wu, killed Wu Zixu and Gou Jian, the king of Yue, killed doctor Wen Wen, which is a condemnation of their killing of ministers.
Say it like this: talk about it. Ercao: the second generation.
The heart is broken: Jiang Yan's Biefu: "It makes people want to take away their children, and their hearts are broken." If the heart is broken, the center will be damaged, that is, regret.
Make an appreciative comment
Shi Dazu was originally a graceful and restrained poet. The reason why predecessors praised him is mainly because he has that kind of graceful and delicate ci style. In fact, his ci style is not limited to "graceful and restrained". Like this poem, it expresses the heroism he doesn't often see in his chest. Style also appears gloomy, impassioned, sonorous sentences, deep artistic conception, calm brushwork, full of heroism that stirs people today. This can greatly help readers to deepen their comprehensive understanding of people and their words.
Mid-autumn tide is a spectacular sight of nature. As early as the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Shi wrote "Five Wonders of Watching Tide on August 15th", and his first poem said: "You should know that the jade rabbit is very round, and it has been frosty in September. The message is that the door is closed and the night tide stays in the moon. " Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty also wrote excellent works such as "The Prime Minister is fishing in his stomach to watch the tide". Shi Dazu's Mid-Autumn Night Tide inherited Su and Xin's "bold and unconstrained" ci style to some extent. Write the mighty momentum of the night tide, write the bright moonlight in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and express the word * in the chest, which makes people seem to hear the sound of Qiantang chamber.
Because it was written in the "Mid-Autumn Night Tide", the whole word was written very close to the tide and the bright moon. The first two sentences, "Water belongs to Yin, so the tide is full of confidence and the moon is empty", respectively explain the tide and the moon, meaning that water belongs to Yin and the moon is the essence of the moon, so the surplus and emptiness of the tide-the ebb and flow of the tide-are related to the circle of the moon. The two groups of verbs "Gui" and "Xu Ying" used here store huge "potential energy" for the following description of high tide at night. The river of no return has accumulated a lot of "power". At this time, under the gravity of the moon, it will turn around, lift all its strength and rush to Qiantang River, which is very spectacular and thrilling. So, after explaining the tide and the moon respectively, I put them together and wrote, "Only when it is partial, the cool autumn is half broken, and the bucket is double." Only in the Mid-Autumn Festival every year (that is, when the autumn is cool and half broken), the ten-minute full moon and the "August tide" caused by "snow spraying on the mountain" (Li Bai's "Hengjiang Ci": "What is Zhejiang like in August? Taosishan Snow Spray), pieced together into a spectacular "double wonder". What makes them "strong" and "strange" are written in the following two sentences: "Something polished the golden mirror brighter and rounder" is about the moon, and someone polished it brighter and rounder: "Who robbed the Milky Way" is about the river tide, which rushed down like a gap was dug in the Milky Way. For the latter, we might as well quote a detailed description of the tide in Zhejiang (Qiantang River) from the Southern Song Dynasty to read with it, so as to strengthen our perceptual knowledge. The article "Watching the Tide" in the third volume of Old Wulin wrote: "The tide in Zhejiang is also a grand view of the world. From hope to 18, it is the most prosperous. Fang Qi is far away from Haimen, just like a silver line; As soon as we approached, Yucheng Xueling came the next day. Loud as thunder, shocking and whipping, swallowing the sky and covering the ground, extremely heroic. " As for the former (Mid-Autumn Moon), there are many descriptions by predecessors, so there is no need to repeat them. In short, here and now, watching the bright moon and listening to the river tide, how can we not be amazed and excited? However, due to the different life experiences and specific moods of tide watchers, their associations and feelings are different in the face of the "double wonder" of this world. For example, Pan Lang in the early Song Dynasty wrote that his mood after watching the tide was "I don't watch it a few times in my dream, but I am still chilling in my dream" ("Jiuquanzi"), mainly about his thrilling feeling; Su Shi, on the other hand, after watching the tide, "laughed at the tide and lost his job" (Nan Gezi), and seemed to realize the philosophy that life is like "sand in the tide" ("turning the world into dust and sand"). Xin Qiji said: "What do you know when you are tired? The white horse goes east. Unfortunately, human nature is eternal "("fishing "). In his view, it was the ghost of Wu Zixu driving a white car. The word Shi Dazu expresses another kind of imagination and artistic conception: "I want Zi Xu to see Chang 'e tonight and settle my grievances. "A key point here is the word" snow ":the moonlight is white and crystal clear, and white waves pour like snow-capped mountains, which just symbolizes that Wu Zixu's grievances have been washed away. Zhang Xiaoxiang's "Niannujiao Guo Dongting" was written near the Mid-Autumn Festival and flooded the lake on a moonlit night: "The bright moon is in the sky, the bright river shines, and it is clear inside and outside. "There is another cloud:" When you are alone, you are full of ice and snow. "This is actually about his noble character of" transparency "and" courage and snow ". The poem "Seeing Chang 'e with a child" in the epic is intended to express Wu Zixu's childlike heart through the scene of a bright moon in whitewater, and also to rehabilitate a loyal and patriotic hero like Wu Zixu. It can be seen that although history is a courtier, it also has its own political likes and dislikes and concerns about state affairs.
Xia Tan continued to write closely with Jiang Chao and Mingyue. "The light goes straight down, the dragon *" is about the moon, giving consideration to the sea: when the moonlight sets, it goes straight to the dragon cave on the seabed *: "The sound goes straight up, the toad cave" is about the tide, and the moon: the sound of the tide directly shocks the moon palace where toad is hiding. The word "straight" is magnificent, which fully shows the spectacular scenery of jathyapple and the mid-autumn night tide. "Looking at the heavens and the earth, the hole is like a brush", then combine the two: the sky is clean, the moonlight is clean, the "ground" is clean, and white waves spray snow; From top to bottom, there is a school of "holes are like brushes", that is, Zhang Xiaoxiang's so-called "crystal world". In this respect, the poet's heart is excited again. "Excitement can drive makeup, and a toast can swallow five mountains. When the Ming Dynasty said it looked like Cao, my heart would break! " These first two sentences are just in line with the so-called "empathy" theory today. According to this "empathy theory", in the process of creation, things and I can influence each other and penetrate each other. For example, if the emotion of "I" is transferred to "things", there will be Du Fu's poems such as "longing for spring" and "the petals have shed tears, and the lonely bird has sang sorrow". The form and spirit of "things" will also affect the poet's mentality and mood. For example, when people see pine trees, they will feel virtuous, when they see plums, they will feel detached and exquisite, and when they see chrysanthemums, they will feel the cold in Ao Shuang. Shi Ci clearly said "I can arouse my anger" and "I can raise my glass", and these last two sentences clearly expressed his lofty sentiments of arousing my anger, which were induced and surging under the Vichy scenery of "light down" and "sound up". -of course, this is also related to his internal conditions that contain this inspiring pride. Inspired by foreign objects, a cavity flew into the sky, which seemed to drive away the makeup (beauty) in the moon; This made him drink again, as if he could swallow the five mountains in one gulp. These two sentences are "sophistry". One shows the author's open mind and passionate mood here and now; The other-if you think about it carefully, it also includes hatred and condemnation of Fu Cha, the king of Wu, Gou Jian, the king of Yue, or the bait stone of "honey trap", because it was they who conspired to kill Wu Zixu. Therefore, although these two sentences are all about their own excitement and lofty sentiments, they are based on two aspects: "Moon" (the fairy in the pink moon) and "Tide" (the story of Xu Zuotao brewed by the wuyue dispute). Therefore, we can't treat them as digressions. The last two sentences "summed up" the above. The poet said: If the Ming Dynasty told your generation about the wonders I saw in watching the tide tonight and the lofty sentiments I was born with ("Ercao" means contempt), you wouldn't be frightened! At this point, the word love reached * and came to an abrupt end at the same time. If you feel a loud buzzing in your ears.
Creation background
Shi Dazu wrote this word after observing the tides of Qiantang River in Qingyuan year of Song Ningzong (1205). In the summer of May (1204) in Jiatai, Song Ningzong, Han Biaozhou decided to cut gold and wrote to Ningzong, making Yue Fei the "King of Hubei". In April of the following year, he again investigated Qin Gui's crime of neglecting the country and corrected "absurdity and ugliness". As the right-hand man of Han Biaozhou, the author wrote in his writing that Wu Zixu's grievances can be cleared, which may be related to this matter.