The first couplet wrote the poet's dilemma of staying in Jianghan in a self-deprecating way. The title of this poem is "Jianghan", and the first word of the first sentence is a symbol of wandering. "Homesickness" means that the poet wants to return to his hometown but can't, so he has to wander around and wander around the world. The poet is homesick but unable to return, becoming a degenerate at the end of the world, which contains the poet's infinite bitterness. The sentence "Gan Kun" contains two meanings of "belittling oneself and being conceited", and it is smart to label "Gan Kun" as a corrupt Confucian.
Couplets closely follow the first sentence, and the antithesis is very neat. Through the description of the natural scenery in front of him, the poet showed his deep "homesickness" feelings. A cloud floating from the horizon and a lonely night hanging on the bright moon, he thought of his guests, as if he were as lonely as the clouds and the moon. In this way, my feelings are integrated with the scenery outside. Literally, the poet sees a lonely moon, but in fact, they are used as metaphors of the poet himself. The poet integrates his inner feelings into the external scenery, feeling that although he is wandering around, his loyalty to the country is still as bright as a lonely moon. People used to think that these two sentences were "mixed with scenes and could not be distinguished."
The necklace is directly connected with the second sentence, which vividly shows the poet's spirit of actively using the world and uses metaphors to write the poet's mental state despite adversity. As far as the format of metrical poems is concerned, this combination is metonymy. "Sunset" is the antonym of "autumn wind". The former is a fictional writing, which is a metaphor for "twilight". The first couplet is clearly written about a lonely moon in a long night. The sunset in this couplet is by no means a real scene, but a metaphor. Huang Sheng pointed out: "The setting sun is a metaphor for the teeth of twilight", which is for chanting, not writing scenery. Otherwise, it is contradictory to watch the lonely moon and the sunset in a rhyme. While that lat is in writing. Being in Jianghan, facing the autumn wind, the poet not only lost his sentimental feelings in the past, but also felt "sick for Sue". This change is the embodiment of the poet's heroic mentality and active spirit of using the world. This just shows that the "pedant" in the second sentence is not simply the poet's contempt for himself. This is quite similar to Li Bai's ideological realm of "feeling prosperous and easy in autumn, who is worried about autumn", which shows the poet's mental state of going forward bravely in adversity.
Couplets borrow the allusion of an old horse who knows the way, and once again show the poet's feelings of being old and strong. "Old horse" is the poet's self-comparison, and "distance" refers to the driving force. The poet pointed out that the ancients saved the old horse not by its strength, but by its wisdom. Although the poet is a "pedant", his heart is still strong and he wants to get sick. Just like an old horse, he intends to show that although he is old and sick, he still has wisdom to use and can still make a difference. In addition, the poem naturally reveals the implication: "I am really a worthless pedant, even worse than an old horse?" Express disgust.
The whole poem uses euphemistic and implicit techniques, which fully shows the poet's psychological state of being strong and brave. Although the poet is 56 years old, there is no hope of returning to the north, and his livelihood is shrinking. Nevertheless, loneliness and loyalty still exist, and courage still exists. This poem embodies the indomitable spirit of resisting old age and is very touching.
Second, expand the scope of knowledge:
1, appreciation of original words: Jianghan
I am wandering in Jianghan belt, and I miss my homeland and can't return. In the vast world, I am just a pedantic old Confucian.
The sky is far away, and the moon is always lonely.
The heart of the setting sun is still strong, and the autumn wind is sick.
Since ancient times, the old horse has not spent its physical strength because of its wisdom. Therefore, although I am old and sicker, I can still do it.
2. Introduction: Jianghan is a five-character poem written by Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. This poem describes what the poet saw and felt when he wandered around Jianghan, and that he was not pessimistic and depressed because of his difficult situation, old age and illness, which embodies the spirit of "martyrs are full of courage in their twilight years". Although the whole poem is euphemistic and implicit, it is very touching.
3. About the author: Du Fu (7 12 ~ 770), with beautiful words, tried to call himself a young man at night. Take Jinshi as an example. He used to be a foreign minister in the school department, so he was called Du Gongbu internationally. He is the greatest realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and is known as the "poet saint" after the Song Dynasty, and is also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. His poems boldly exposed the social contradictions at that time and expressed deep sympathy for the poor people. Many excellent works show the historical process of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, which is called "the history of poetry". In art, he is good at using various forms of poetry, especially rhythmic poetry; Various styles, mainly depression; Refined language with high expressive force. There are more than 1400 poems, including Du Gongbu Collection.