Listening to Xiao in Yazhai, the original poem was suspected to be the voice of the people's sufferings. Some small collectors in Caozhou County always care about their feelings.
Philosophical materialism holds that consciousness is the reflection of objective things in the human brain. But when people think about the same objective thing, they often form different understandings and conclusions. From the subjective factors of people, it is mainly caused by people's different positions, different world views and different knowledge composition. The scene of praying for rain described in the poem clearly tells us that in class society, because people belong to different classes and have different class status, their views (reflections) on many issues are quite different. If we want to understand things correctly, we must first look at the problem from the standpoint of the fundamental interests of the people.
"Birds fly high, and lonely clouds go to leisure alone." Li Bai, a poet in Tang Dynasty
2. materialist dialectics: there is no accident in this world, only necessity! Philosophy is a science about truth and the whole real world; And the sum of reality is nature (nature in a universal sense).
The highest state of philosophy is human nature.
Man is man's god.
What man thinks and advocates, his God does. How valuable a man is, how valuable his God is, that's all.
If people want happiness, they must love each other.
The pursuit of happiness itself cannot be satisfied, and it is even unintentional if other individuals' pursuit of happiness is not satisfied at the same time.
Love wants others to be happy and makes others happy.
3. What are the famous sayings about materialism? 1. Vitality is the theme of the world. -ancient naive materialism, China
2. Heaven and earth create everything together, and Yin and Yang change again and again. -Xunzi
Heaven is always there, not for Yao's survival, not for Jie's death. -Xunzi
4. Heaven and earth are in harmony, and everything is born by itself. —— Wang Chong
5. One day, one place, everything is born, and everything is born. —— Wang Chong
6. "Too empty is qi" and "everything can be shaped"; Everything is like this; Everything is anger. "-Zhang zai
7. The five elements of Qi, Heaven and Man intersect and win. -Liu Yuxi
8. Water is the starting point of everything. -Thales, Ancient Greece
9. Everything originates from fire, and it is also destroyed by fire and belongs to fire. -Heraclitus in ancient Greece
10. Atoms are the same foundation of the world-Park Jung-soo, an ancient Greek Democrat
1 1. —— Wang Chong
12. Don't learn to know yourself, don't ask yourself, act in ancient and modern times, and have nothing. —— Wang Chong
13. heaven and earth create everything together, and yin and yang change again and again. -Xunzi
14. There is no single fire in the world, but there is an essence in the world. —— Wang Chong
15. Angry people are justified. —— Wang Fuzhi
16. Style means spirit, while style means no spirit. Form is the essence of God, and God is the application of form. -Fan Zhen.
17. Water is the source of everything. -Thales
18. People worry when they are sick, and fear is a ghost. —— Wang Chong
19. This world is an eternal living fire, which burns and goes out according to the law. Heraclitus
20. I am willing to stamp with blood to ensure that the world is material. Feuerbach
Materialism: the fundamental view of materialism is to admit that the essence of the world is matter, and there is matter in the world before consciousness. Matter determines consciousness, and consciousness is the reflection of matter. Contrary to materialism, the fundamental view of idealism is that the essence of the world is consciousness, not matter determines consciousness, but consciousness determines matter.
The fundamental difference between materialism and idealism is formed around the relationship between matter and consciousness. The relationship between matter and consciousness is the basic question of philosophy, which is not only an inevitable question of all philosophies, but also a question that all philosophies must answer first. Which is the origin of matter or consciousness, who decides who, is the most important aspect of the basic question of philosophy. Different philosophies have different nature in answering this aspect. The basic problem of philosophy is also the basic problem in practical work. To truly recognize that matter is the source and matter determines consciousness is to persist in proceeding from reality in practical work and make the subjective conform to the objective.
The development of materialism
naive materialism
Also known as spontaneous materialism. Slave society and feudal society developed in ancient times. In its primary stage, it is very natural to regard natural phenomena as the unity of infinite diversity and look for this unity in things with fixed shapes and special things. For example, Thales, an ancient Greek philosopher, believed that everything originated from water and returned to it after various changes. Simple materialism is often combined with simple dialectics. When China's ancient materialism regarded the five elements as the origin of the world, it also used the relationship between the five elements to explain the connection and development of the world. Naive materialism is a theoretical generalization based on intuitive experience and superficial understanding of nature, which lacks certain scientific argumentation and strict logical system and contains some speculative elements. Therefore, it is intuitive.