Seventh grade Chinese knowledge points
In early spring, Zhang and other 18 members of the Ministry of Water Affairs were present.
1. This poem was written by Han Yu to Zhang Ji, a poet in the middle Tang Dynasty. The "Imperial Capital" in the poem refers to Chang 'an.
2. In the first two sentences of the poem, the author grasps the two typical characteristics of early spring drizzle and early spring grass germination, and vividly describes the scenery in early spring and the joy of seeing spring at first sight.
3. Wind and rain are the messengers of spring. Wang Anshi wrote "Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan" in "Dengguazhou". Poetry and this poem have the same effect: the rain in the sky is crisp and the grass is far and near.
4. "The grass is near without it" describes the early spring, giving people a sense of beauty and depicting the picture presented by this sentence.
Moistened by the drizzle, the grass crept out of the ground, and from a distance, the earth showed a very pale green; A closer look shows that the grass seems to be hiding quietly again, making people unable to see what color it is.
The poem "A year's plan lies in spring" makes people motto "A year's plan lies in spring".
6. Why does the poet say that the scenery in early spring is "absolutely better than willow"?
Because the poet believes that the color of grass in early spring is unique to early spring, tender and full of moisture, which symbolizes the rejuvenation of the earth and the rejuvenation of thousands of families. It is not uncommon for willows to spread all over the city. In late spring and March, the color is strong, but it is not so pleasing to the eye.
7. The author wrote his understanding of early spring by contrast. Please apply this understanding to everything and you will get a universal truth.
All good things are in the bud, and they are developing in the direction of prosperity, giving people hope and hope.
8. What are the characteristics of the color of early spring grass written by "the color of grass is far from near"?
Early spring grass is characterized by its lightness, rarity and seemingly absence.
9, combined with the content of the poem, talk about the expression effect of the words "most" and "absolutely" in the poem.
Comparing the light grass color symbolizing spring returns with the smoke and willow scenery everywhere in the city in late spring, it is highlighted that the scenery in early spring is the most lovely.
10, how does this poem express the poet's thoughts and feelings?
Love and admiration for the early spring scenery.
Knowledge points of junior one Chinese exam
1.
Panic, fear.
Excessive taxes and miscellaneous fees: refers to all kinds of taxes and fees that the reactionary government forced the people to pay at that time.
Pay (Ji o): ① Pay, deliver and pay public grain. Surrender by force: surrender the enemy's weapons.
Conversation: The meaning of this article is to find some topics to talk with others.
Sleep soundly (hān): Sleep soundly and carefree.
Qu: Qu.
Sob (yè): This article describes the piercing sound of water.
2. Content structure
Laoshanjie is the "first difficult mountain" that the Red Army crossed. This article describes what happened in a day and a half in chronological order. Structurally, it can be divided into three parts.
The first part (1 paragraph) briefly introduces the Laoshan border. At the beginning, it is pointed out that "thirty miles high" means that the mountains in the Laoshan boundary are high and steep, suggesting that it is difficult to climb over.
The second part (paragraph 102- 103). 2-32) Describe how the Red Army crossed the old mountain boundary. This is the main body of the text, which can be divided into four layers according to the change of time sequence and place.
1 Lou (Section 2 1L) wrote from the afternoon to the dark, from the ravine to the foot of the mountain, describing the conversation between "we" and the Yao people, showing the strict discipline of the Red Army and the support and help of the Yao people to the Red Army.
On the second floor (12-22), it was written from after dark to before dawn, and from the foot of the mountain to the middle of the mountain, describing the height and steepness of the steep cliff. The Red Army camped in front of Leigong Rock, showing the hardships of climbing and the optimism of the Red Army.
On the third floor (paragraphs 23-30), it was written from dawn the next day to more than two o'clock in the afternoon, and from Leigongyan to the top of Laoshan Mountain. The rugged mountain road and the strong will of the Red Army are described, and it is pointed out that the Red Army's long March is to go north to resist Japan.
On the fourth floor (paragraph 3 1-32), after resting at the top of the mountain, I wrote from the top of the mountain to the bottom of the mountain, describing the scene of the Red Army going down the mountain and expressing the joy of successfully reaching the camp.
The third part (paragraph 33) points out that the Laoshan boundary is the first difficult mountain that the Red Army passed through in the Long March.
Learning methods and skills of classical Chinese in junior one.
In the process of learning classical Chinese, we should first form a good habit of learning classical Chinese. Then, in the process of learning classical Chinese, according to the "three-step" learning method, effective information in classical Chinese can be extracted more quickly. So, how to take the "three steps"?
First, learning classical Chinese, the most important thing is the knowledge of classical Chinese words and sentence patterns. Only by accumulating certain knowledge of classical Chinese can we read classical Chinese fluently.
1 Pay attention to learning and learn to teach yourself.
Be sure to translate word for word with the help of notes before class, and don't wait for the teacher to explain. Pay attention to find out difficult sentences and submit them to class discussion, and ask teachers and classmates for advice. It is necessary to classify keywords, highlight key points and break through difficulties. There are many notional words in classical Chinese that are polysemy and multi-purpose. We should be good at memorizing, comparing, summarizing and sorting out, and learn the words "vividly".
Follow the principle of "word for word" to understand and experience.
Whether it is a notional word or a function word, its meaning and usage are always displayed in a specific language environment. To accumulate classical Chinese vocabulary, we should not memorize it by rote, but try to figure it out in combination with "context"
3. Keep in mind the main sentence patterns of classical Chinese.
There are five kinds of Chinese classic sentence patterns: judgmental sentence, interrogative sentence, passive sentence, ellipsis sentence and inversion sentence, and each sentence pattern has several different forms. Remember the form that is easy to remember and understand.
Second, Chinese textbooks emphasize the reading and reciting of classical Chinese, with the intention of enabling students to master the knowledge of classical Chinese, understand the meaning of the text and cultivate their language perception ability through more reading and reciting. Reading can be divided into four steps:
1 notes, take a general look at the text.
Finish the rough reading task in the preview. The primary task of rough reading is to dredge the text, and then perceive the text on this basis, and grasp the structure of the text as a whole. Combined with notes, read it two or three times according to the context, and then contact the context, you should be able to understand the content of the text. In rough reading, you should draw difficult words for discussion in class.
Ask questions, solve problems and read the text carefully.
Through intensive reading in class, we should be able to correct pronunciation, orthomorphism and sentence break accurately, solve the problems encountered in rough reading and analyze the structure of the article. We should improve our understanding of the content of the article.
3. Deep understanding and intensive reading of the text
Try to read tone, intonation and rhythm in intensive reading. Through intensive reading, we can deeply comprehend and understand the work, feel the emotion of the article and grasp the characteristics of the article.
4. Appreciate and evaluate, be familiar with the text
This step mainly depends on the initiative of students after class. We should be familiar with reading, strengthen the learning effect of classical Chinese vocabulary, and deepen our understanding of the content and structure of the text. We should consciously improve our literary appreciation and evaluation ability.
Third, from the perspective of words, it is to summarize from time to time and summarize chapter by chapter.
The most important link in reading classical Chinese is the mastery of real function words, which is also a headache for many students when they first come into contact with classical Chinese. Different from primary schools, the classical Chinese in junior high school textbooks is more difficult in length and annotation of real function words. Therefore, the suggested learning method is to prepare a small accumulation book that can be used for three years or even longer, and reasonably accumulate the real function words in classical Chinese.
Take the classical Chinese that must be memorized in the first volume of the seventh grade as an example: "Wolf" kills fear and throws it at bones. When explaining the usage of the word "one" in Chinese, we can contact all the classical Chinese we have studied before and summarize the usage of the word "one" to form a system. You can contact the usage of the word "one" in Guancanghai, Twelve Chapters of the Analects of Confucius and Commandments. In this way, it is sorted out in the form of a table, and its different explanations are classified and integrated according to part of speech, example sentences and sources, leaving some blanks under the table for easy addition and modification in the future. The system thus formed has become a "unique secret book" for students, which can run through their whole Chinese learning career.
Table: A table compiled with the explanation of the word "Qu" in the first volume of the seventh grade textbook as an example.
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