It would be difficult for others to travel in this world if there were no bad storms at the head of the river! ——Xin Qiji, Song Dynasty, "Partridge Sky: Sending People Off" If the river head is not in trouble, it will be difficult to travel in the world! I sang "Yangguan" till my tears were dry, and I had nothing to do but eat. The water floating in the sky brings endless trees, and the rain clouds bury half of the mountain.
Thousands of hatreds, now and in the past, should only be divided into joys and sorrows at separation and separation? If there is no bad storm at the head of the river, it will be difficult for others to travel on earth! Selected poems from the Song Dynasty, a sentimental farewell translation and annotation
Translation
I finished singing "Yangguan" but my tears were not dry yet, I regarded fame as my only thing (not interested in fame) and advised to eat more . The water and sky are connected, seeming to send the trees on both sides to the infinite distance. The dark clouds carry the rain, half burying the heavy mountains.
Throughout the ages, there are countless things that make people angry. Is it true that only parting makes people sad, while gathering makes people happy? The wind and waves at the head of the river are high and the waves are not very dangerous, but the journey on earth is even more difficult. Appreciation
Farewell words are a big family in words. Poems from the late Tang and Five Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty mostly describe the separation of men and women. Since ancient times, "the only thing that makes people feel ecstatic is farewell" (Jiang Yan's "Farewell"). Lingering feelings and sad and melancholy sounds often envelope the entire article. Xin Qiji's farewell speeches are often well-intentioned and always go beyond the ordinary. This song "Partridge Sky" can be a representative example. The poem begins with a description of separation.
Two lines from the top of the list: "I sang "Yangguan" to the end before my tears dried, and I have more time to do with my fame than to add a meal." The last sentence is a farewell. "Yangguan Sandie" is a farewell song written by the Tang Dynasty people. Adding the words "singing thoroughly" and "tears are not dry" makes it even more sad.
Judging from the author's character, farewell would never bring him such sadness. His emotions about his official career and worldly affairs have always been stagnating in his chest, and coincidentally, when he was touched by the farewell incident, he burst out of his emotions, so this was the case. The next sentence suddenly breaks down and talks about "fame", and the origin becomes clear. The author, like Lu You, attaches great importance to establishing a reputation for the country's recovery cause. His poem "Shui Long Yin" says: "Calculating an army thousands of miles away, fame is the foundation of true Confucianism. Whether it is known to the public or not." He believes that establishing fame is a matter of personal responsibility; "You should be persistent in your pursuit of fame and have lofty goals." However, in this poem, fame is regarded as "extra things" outside of one's life. It is an angry and passive remark about being dissatisfied with the imperial court's surrender to Jin and suing for peace, and his ambition to serve the country was difficult to fulfill, so he was forced to retire and become passive: "Let's have some extra meals." Using the sentence from "Nineteen Ancient Poems" "Don't abandon donations and don't return to the road, work hard to make more meals" is also an expression of anger. "The water floating in the sky brings endless trees, and the rain clouds bury half of the mountain." When writing about the scenery that one looks up to in the distance when bidding farewell, the scenery is vivid and the writing is very strong. Moreover, the flowing water on the horizon sends endless colors of trees far away, which is related to the idea of ??the traveler's journey after farewell; the clouds in the rain buried half of the green mountains, which is associated with the association of a gentleman being raped and evil. It is related to the villain covering up and suppressing. The two different thoughts and feelings in the related words of the scene sentence are not only closely related, but also implicit and full of lingering charm.
There are three sentences at the bottom: "There are thousands of hatreds in the past and present, and only separation and separation are joys and sorrows?" The "cleavage" and "sorrows and joys" here are compound words with partial meanings. Due to the stipulations of the situation of the title "giving away" and the lower sentence "hate of the past and present", "lihe" only takes the meaning of "li", and "sadness and joy" only takes the meaning of "sad". The upper column is written about farewell, and the lower column is supposed to be lyrical with the main theme of "Don't Hate", but the author twists the line and says that there are thousands of hateful things in modern and ancient times. Isn't it only the farewell that is sad? Use a rhetorical question tone, which is more *** than a positive judgment tone. The lyrics are sent to others but actually say that parting is not the only sad and hateful thing, which shows that the thoughts and feelings of the lyrics will be further developed. Immediately afterwards, he expressed his inner voice in a voice that sounded like shouting or swallowing: "If the storms at the head of the river were not bad, it would be difficult for others to travel in the world." Pedestrians embark on a journey, "There are many storms in the rivers and lakes, and the boat may be lost" (Du Fu's "Dream") Li Bai"), but the author believes that the encounter here is more dangerous than it is. It is an invisible "turmoil" that exists in people's hearts and in personnel struggles; it makes people fearful and hateful, and is worse than ordinary hatred of separation and sorrow of travel. "Qutang is noisy and there are twelve beaches. People say that the road has been difficult since ancient times; people have always hated people and are not as good as water. It is easy to make waves in the flat ground." (Liu Yuxi's "Bamboo Branch Poems") The ancients have already spoken about it. The author here does not simply borrow the poetry of his predecessors, but has his own personal experience. He was determined to restore his career all his life. When he was an official, he liked to raise money to train troops and enforced the law strictly. He offended the capitulationists and powerful wealthy families many times, so he was impeached and removed from office several times. For example, when he was serving as the pacification envoy of Hunan, he prepared to establish the "Flying Tiger Army". Later, when he was serving as an official official in Liangzhexi Road Tidian Prison, he was accused of being "corrupt and violent" and "violent" and was dismissed from office. This is a clear example of "turbulence and evil" in personnel matters. The last two sentences written by the author contain more sad experiences and show a broader and more thrilling artistic realm. The emotion is dripping, but the words are still implicit. Li Bai's "The Road is Difficult", "If you want to cross the Yellow River, it is blocked by ice, and you will climb the Taihang Mountains covered with snow", which is the same sadness and indignation; Bai Juyi's "The Road to Taihang", "The difficulty of the journey is not due to the water or the mountains, but only to the repeated human feelings". It can explain the cause and essence of grief and indignation. Appreciation 3
The poem begins with a description of separation. Wang Wei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, has seven unique poems in his "Send Off the Second Envoy of the Yuan Dynasty to Anxi": "The morning rain in Weicheng has cleared the dust, and the guesthouses are green and the willows are new. I advise you to have a glass of wine. There are no old friends when you leave Yangguan in the west." After entering Yuefu, I thought I was saying goodbye. .
Li Dongyang's "Lutang Poetry Talk" said: "As soon as this poem came out, it was not recited for a while, and it became a three-part song. The subsequent chants of farewell, thousands of words, almost cannot be beyond the meaning." It is commonly known as "Yangguan Sandie", also known as "Weicheng Song". Here, the farewell scene is condensed into "singing" (singing is finished) but "the tears are not dry", showing the miserable situation of the image. When he answered, he said the right thing: "Fame and fame are all that matters, so let's add food." "Fame" refers to official title. Zhang Hua's poem "Reply to He Shao": "I am self-sufficient and knowledgeable, and my ambition is not fame." Treating fame as "another thing", or "not caring about fame", is really rare in feudal society. Xin Qiji's poem "Partridge Sky" said: "A guest talks about fame with great enthusiasm, because he reminisces about the events of his youth." The poem "Partridge Sky" goes like this: "In the prime of life, banners support thousands of men, and brocades suddenly ride across the river at the beginning." Surrounded by thousands of troops and horses, breaking through the siege and crossing the river to defect to the Song Dynasty court was certainly a patriotic feat, but it was not just for fame! "Finish the king's affairs in the world and win fame both before and after his death" ("Broken Array"). In feudal society, they are interconnected. In other words, only by "reaching" can we "benefit the world". Therefore, we regard fame as nothing more and urge to eat extra meals. In the specific historical situation of "the country's hatred has not been avenged by the strong man" (Lu You's poem), there is not much broad-mindedness here, but more anger, irony, and lust. Severe.
Appreciation 2
Farewell words are a big family in words. Poems from the late Tang and Five Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty mostly describe the separation of men and women. Since ancient times, "the one who is in ecstasy can only say goodbye" (Jiang Yan's "Farewell"). Lingering feelings and sad and melancholy sounds often envelope the entire article. Xin Qiji's farewell speeches often have good intentions and are always beyond the ordinary. This song "Partridge Sky" can be a representative example.
When he answered, he said the right thing: "Fame and fame are enough to add food to the meal." "Fame" refers to official title. Zhang Hua's poem "Reply to He Shao": "I am self-sufficient and knowledgeable, and my ambition is not fame." Treating fame as "another thing", or "not caring about fame", is really rare in feudal society.
The two sentences "Floating Sky" at the beginning use the scenery to reflect the emotion and highlight the color. First, write about the water in the river: the water and the sky are connected, as if sending the trees on both sides of the river to the infinite distance; then, write about the clouds in the sky: the dark clouds carry the rain, and half of the heavy mountain ridges are buried. It is precisely "emotions are reflected in the quietness of the scenery, and single feelings are exposed; scenery is beautiful in emotion, and the scenery alone is stagnant" (Song Zhengbi's saying is quoted in the second volume of Shen Xiong's "Ancient and Modern Ci Hua·Ci Pin"). And "romantic words must be set off by the scenery, so they are of deep and flowing beauty" (Volume 2 of Wu Hengzhao's "Lianziju Cihua"). In this way, the desolate feeling of the behavior is pushed to a higher level. "The water floating in the sky sends endless trees, and the rain clouds bury half of the mountain" contains the author's desolate and sad feeling when leaving and the anger that his ambition is unfulfilled. The author uses scenery to express his emotions. First, he writes about the connection between water and sky, which seems to send the trees on both sides to the infinite distance. Then he writes about the clouds in the sky. The dark clouds carry rain and half of the mountains are buried. The emotion is contained in it, which is really subtle. Dew, rich aftertaste. Xin Qiji (1140-1207), a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. His original name was Tanfu, changed to You'an, and his nickname was Jiaxuan. He was Han nationality and a native of Licheng (now Jinan, Shandong). When he was born, the Central Plains was occupied by Jin soldiers. At the age of 21, he joined the anti-Jin rebel army and soon returned to the Southern Song Dynasty. He has successively served as the pacifier of Hubei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, and eastern Zhejiang. He devoted his life to resisting gold. He once published "Ten Comments on Meiqin" and "Nine Discussions" to lay out strategies for war and defense. His poems express the patriotic enthusiasm of trying to restore the country's unity, express his grief and indignation about the unrealistic ambitions, and condemn the humiliation of the then rulers for peace; there are also many works that sing about the mountains and rivers of the motherland. The subject matter is broad and he is good at using allusions from previous generations into the lyrics. The style is majestic and heroic yet also delicate and charming. Because Xin Qiji's anti-golden ideas were inconsistent with the political views of the peace faction in power, he was later impeached and dismissed from office, and retired to Daihu, Jiangxi.
Xin Qiji I would like to ask, how are the river tide and the sea water like the love of a king and the heart of a concubine? The river poured more than ten feet, and the city was filled with the crow of cocks and the barking of dogs. The waves are turbulent and the wind and clouds are opening and closing. The Qingjiang River embraces the village, but the Changxia River village is quiet. The rustling of the Wu leaves sends a cold sound, and the autumn wind on the river stirs up the guest sentiment. The river carries Emei snow, and the river flows across the Three Gorges. Don't get drunk when seeing off guests in a high-rise building. The moonlit heart of the cold river is lonely. Jingzhao is sandwiched between two mountains, and the Yellow River flows in the middle. The river is deep and the bamboos are quiet for two or three houses, and the busy red flowers reflect the white flowers. The mountains are dim and the apes are sad, and the Cangjiang River flows rapidly at night. I live at the head of the Yangtze River, and you live at the end of the Yangtze River. The shadow of the lone sail in the distance is gone in the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River can be seen flowing in the sky. The trees are falling and the wild geese are crossing south, and the north wind is blowing cold on the river. The trees are low in the open sky, and the clear moon on the river is close to the people. Thousands of fallen trees and mountains, the sky is far and wide, and the moon is clearly visible along the Chengjiang River.