1. Poems about the material cycle of the ecosystem
Poems about the material cycle of the ecosystem 1. Poems about living things
1. Moon black geese fly high , Shan Yu fled at night. .........New Moon
2. It's a pity on the third night of September, the dew is like pearls and the moon is like a bow. …………The crescent moon at the beginning of the month
3. The moon is setting, crows are crying and the sky is full of frost. The bells ring at midnight on the passenger ship, …………The first quarter moon
4. The dusk clouds are gone Overflowing with clear cold, Yinhan silent jade plate. …………Full Moon
5. The moon is darker than half of the house, and the Beidou is slanted in the south. .........The last quarter moon
6. Where to wake up tonight, on the bank of willows, with the waning moon in the morning breeze. …………The crescent moon at the end of the month
7. On the willow branches above the moon, people meet after dusk………… The full moon
8. Sitting on the ground and walking 80,000 miles a day, surveying the sky Look at a thousand rivers. …………Equatorial linear speed and revolution
9. The beauty of April in the world is over, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple are beginning to bloom. ………… Vertical climate in mountainous areas
10. I want to ride the wind back home, but I am afraid that it will be too cold in the high places. …………Vertical changes in tropospheric temperature
11. Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue and purple, who can practice dancing in the air with the colors. …………Scattering
12. Suddenly, like a spring breeze coming overnight, thousands of pear trees bloom. .........Leng Feng
13. The apricot blossom rain makes your clothes wet, and the willow wind blows on your face without chilling it. .........Warm front
14. Sneak into the night with the wind, moistening things silently. …………Nuan Feng
15. During the Qingming Festival, it rains heavily, and pedestrians on the road feel like they are dying. ......... Quasi-stationary front in South China
16. The wind roared in Luntai in September, and the gravel in the river was as big as a bucket, and the rocks were scattered all over the ground in the wind. ......... Wind transport
17. The sky is never clear for three days, and the ground is never three miles flat. …………Kunming quasi-stationary front and karst landforms
18. The sun rises in the east and rains in the west, but there is no sunshine but there is sunshine. .........Convective rain
19. You have not yet heard of your return date, and the night rain in Bashan swells the autumn pond. ...... Valley wind and terrain rain
20. Why should the Qiang flute blame the willows? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass. ......... Monsoon area and non-monsoon area
21. The yellow plum rain has stopped at three o'clock, and the wind is coming for the first time thousands of miles away. ………… Drought
22. The southern branches are warm and the northern branches are cold. There are two kinds of spring breeze. ......... Topography and climate
23. Wear a fur coat in the morning and gauze in the afternoon, and eat watermelon around the stove. ...... Temperate continental climate
24. Spring is spring all year round under Luofu Mountain, and the reeds, oranges and bayberries are fresh one after another. .........South subtropical climate
25. The sun warms the chest, and the wind chills the back. .........The alpine climate of Qinghai-Tibet
26. A mountain has four seasons, and the weather is different ten miles away. .........Alpine climate
27. The spring river tide reaches the sea level, and the bright moon on the sea rises with the tide. ......... Tides and moon phases
28. When you reach the top of the mountain, you can see all the mountains and small mountains at a glance. .........Mountainland
29. The sky is clear, the fields are vast, and cattle and sheep are visible in the windblown grass. .........Inner Mongolia Plateau
30. The stars hang down on the plains and the fields are vast, and the moon surges into the river. .........Plain
31. The river is a green belt, and the mountains are like jade hairpins. ......... Kashit landform
32. People walk under water, and boats travel in the sky. .........A river on the ground
33. One mountain cannot tolerate two tigers. ......Ecosystem energy flow
34. The falling river is not a heartless thing, it turns into spring mud to protect the flowers. .........Ecosystem material cycle and biological cycle
35. Jujube sprouts and cotton is planted. .........Biological indicator
2. Material cycle of the ecosystem
All material cycles in the ecosystem are completed driven by the water cycle. Therefore, without water Without circulation, there would be no ecosystem function, and life would be difficult to maintain.
In the gas cycle, the main storage reservoirs of substances are the atmosphere and ocean. The cycle is closely connected with the atmosphere and ocean, has obvious global nature, and has the most complete cycle performance. For substances that belong to gas-type cycles, their molecules or certain compounds often participate in the cycle process in the form of gases.
Substances that fall into this category include oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc. The gas circulation speed is relatively fast, and the material source is abundant and will not be exhausted.
The main reservoirs associated with rocks, soil and water are sedimentary cycles, such as phosphorus and sulfur cycles. The sedimentary cycle speed is relatively slow. The molecules or compounds of substances participating in the sedimentary cycle are mainly transformed into nutrients that can be bioavailable through the weathering of rocks and the dissolution of sediments, while the conversion of seabed sediments into lithospheric components is A rather long, slow, one-way transfer of matter that takes thousands of years.
The main reservoirs of these sedimentary cycle materials are in soil, sediments and rocks, and there is no gas state. Therefore, the global nature of this type of material cycle is not as good as that of gas-type cycles, and the cycle performance is also very imperfect. Substances belonging to sedimentary cycles include: phosphorus, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, manganese, iron, copper, silicon, etc. Among them, phosphorus is a typical sedimentary cycle substance. It is released from rocks and eventually deposited on the seabed. , transformed into new rocks.
3. Falling red is not a ruthless object, but it turns into spring mud to protect flowers. These two poems directly reflect the material cycle of the ecosystem
1. Characteristics of energy flow:
1. One-way flow-the energy released into the environment by various parts of the ecosystem through various channels can no longer be used by other organisms;
2. Gradual decrease-ecosystem The energy fixed in each part of the food chain decreases step by step. The energy at the previous level cannot sustain the needs of a small number of organisms at the next level. The further to the back end of the food chain, the fewer the number of organisms, thus forming a pyramid-shaped structure. Trophic level relationships.
2. Material circulation in the ecosystem:
The material circulation in the ecosystem is generally in a stable equilibrium state under natural conditions. In other words, for a certain substance, the input and output amounts in each major library are basically equal.
3. Falling flowers are not heartless things, they turn into spring mud to protect the flowers
The fallen flowers decompose into organic fertilizers in the soil, and the trees (flowers) absorb nutrients from the soil. , forming a material circulation system with a basic balance between input and output.
Therefore, these two poems directly reflect the material cycle of the ecosystem.
4.
/link?url=K0JPEo6QRg2TDZzkbJ_z2e4EC5B-QsRMpSytFKz__. Material cycle 1. Characteristics of energy flow: 1. One-way flow - each part of the ecosystem passes through various channels The energy released into the environment can no longer be used by other organisms; 2. Gradual decrease - the energy fixed in each part of the ecosystem decreases step by step, and the energy at the previous level cannot sustain the energy of a few organisms at the next level. Need, the further to the back end of the food chain, the smaller the number of organisms, thus forming a pyramid-shaped trophic level relationship.
2. Material circulation in the ecosystem: The material circulation in the ecosystem is generally in a stable equilibrium state under natural conditions. In other words, for a certain substance, the input and output amounts in each major library are basically equal.
3. Falling red flowers are not heartless things. They turn into spring mud to protect the flowers. The fallen flowers are decomposed into organic fertilizers in the soil, and the trees (flowers) absorb the nutrients in the soil, forming an input and output. A material circulation system with a basically balanced quantity. Therefore, these two poems directly reflect the material cycle of the ecosystem.
5. Looking for poems about biological indicator phenomena
1. The black geese fly high in the moon, and the Chanyu escapes in the night.
…………New Moon 2. Poor night on the third day of September, the dew is like pearls and the moon is like a bow. …………The crescent moon at the beginning of the month 3. The moon is setting and the sky is filled with crows and frost. The bell rings at midnight on the passenger ship, …………The first quarter moon 4. The dusk clouds have collected and overflowed with the clear cold, and the silvery man made no sound on the jade plate.
…………Full Moon 5. The moon is darker than half of the house, and the Beidou is slanted in the south. …………The last quarter moon 6. Where to wake up tonight, on the bank of willows, with the waning moon in the morning breeze.
…………The crescent moon at the end of the month 7. On the willow branches above the moon, people meet after dusk………… The full moon 8. Sit on the ground and travel 80,000 miles a day, survey the sky and see a thousand rivers in the distance. ………… Equatorial linear speed and revolution 9. The beauty of April in the world is over, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple are beginning to bloom.
…………Vertical climate in mountainous areas 10. I want to ride the wind back home, but I am afraid that it will be too cold in the high places. …………Vertical changes in tropospheric temperature 11. Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue and violet, who is holding the colorful dance in the air.
…………Scattering 12. Suddenly, like a spring breeze coming overnight, thousands of pear trees bloom. .........Leng Feng 13. The apricot blossom rain makes your clothes wet, and the willow wind blows on your face without chilling it.
…………Warm Front 14. Sneak into the night with the wind, moistening things silently. …………Nuan Feng 15. During the Qingming Festival, it rains heavily, and pedestrians on the road feel like dying.
......... Quasi-stationary front in South China 16. The wind roared in Luntai on a September night, and the gravel in the river was as big as a bucket, and the rocks were scattered all over the ground in the wind. ......... Wind transport 17. The sky is not sunny for three days, and the ground is not level for three miles.
…………Kunming quasi-stationary front, karst landform 18. The sun rises in the east and rains in the west, but there is no sunshine but there is sunshine. ......... Convective rain 19. You have not yet heard of your return date, and the night rain in Bashan swells the autumn pond.
…………Valley wind and terrain rain 20. Why should the Qiang flute blame the willows? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass. ......... Monsoon area and non-monsoon area 21. The yellow plum rain has stopped at three o'clock, and the wind is coming for the first time thousands of miles away.
…………drought 22. The southern branches are warm and the northern branches are cold. There are two kinds of spring breeze. ......... Topography and climate 23. Wear a fur coat in the morning and a gauze in the afternoon, and eat watermelon around the stove.
…………Temperate continental climate 24. It is spring all year round under Luofu Mountain, and the reeds, oranges and bayberries are fresh every time.
.........South subtropical climate 25. The sun warms the chest, and the wind chills the back.
…………Qinghai-Tibet alpine climate 26. A mountain has four seasons, and the weather is different ten miles away. .........Alpine climate 27. The spring river tide reaches the sea level, and the bright moon on the sea rises with the tide.
…………Tides and moon phases 28. When you reach the top of the mountain, you can see all the mountains and small mountains at a glance. .........Mountainland 29. The sky is clear, the fields are vast, and the grass is blown by the wind, and cattle and sheep can be seen low.
…………Inner Mongolia Plateau 30. The stars hang down on the plains and the fields are wide, and the moon surges into the river. .........Plain 31. The river is a green belt, and the mountains are like jade hairpins.
…………Kashit Landform 32. People walk under water, while boats travel in the sky. .........River on the ground 33. There is no room for two tigers in one mountain.
.........Ecosystem energy flow 34. The falling river is not a heartless thing, it turns into spring mud to protect the flowers. .........Ecosystem material cycle, biological cycle 35. Jujube sprouts and cotton is planted.
.........Seasonality of agricultural production 37. If oranges grow in Huainan, they will become tangerines, and if oranges grow in Huaibei, they will become tangerines.
…………The regional nature of agricultural production 38. Plant water chestnuts in deep areas and plant rice in shallow areas; …………Agricultural production is adapted to local conditions 39. The bright moon shines among the pines, and the clear spring rocks flow upward.
…………Vegetation and Rivers 40 The water of the Yellow River comes up from the sky and rushes to the sea never to return. .........Water Cycle 41. A stream flying down three thousand feet is suspected to be the Milky Way falling from the sky.
2. "The beauty of April in the world is over, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple are beginning to bloom." Explain the impact of temperature on plant physiology.
3. "It rains every house during the yellow plum season, and frogs are everywhere in the grassy ponds." Explain the climate characteristics of the yellow plum season and the breeding season of frogs.
4. "Several early warblers compete for warm trees, and whose spring swallows peck at spring mud" reflects the behavior of birds in occupying areas and building nests during the breeding process. 5. “Plant one grain of millet in spring and harvest ten thousand grains in autumn” reflects the reproductive ability of plants.
6. "Falling red is not a heartless thing, it turns into spring mud to protect flowers" reflects the material cycle of the ecosystem. 7. "A wave comes and goes, and a wave comes and is reborn.
The mountains and the sea will be flat for a while, stirring up and scouring each other." This reflects the effect of erosion. 8. “One autumn rain and one cold” explains the weather changes during warm front and cold front.
6. Poems related to living things
1. The black geese fly high in the moon, and the Chanyu escapes in the night.
…………New Moon 2. Poor night on the third day of September, the dew is like pearls and the moon is like a bow. …………The crescent moon at the beginning of the month 3. The moon is setting and the sky is filled with crows and frost. The bell rings at midnight on the passenger ship, …………The first quarter moon 4. The dusk clouds have collected and overflowed with the clear cold, and the silvery man made no sound on the jade plate.
…………Full Moon 5. The moon is darker than half of the house, and the Beidou is slanted in the south. …………The last quarter moon 6. Where to wake up tonight, on the bank of willows, with the waning moon in the morning breeze.
…………The crescent moon at the end of the month 7. On the willow branches above the moon, people meet after dusk………… The full moon 8. Sit on the ground and travel 80,000 miles a day, survey the sky and see a thousand rivers in the distance. ………… Equatorial linear speed and revolution 9. The beauty of April in the world is over, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple are beginning to bloom.
…………Vertical climate in mountainous areas 10. I want to ride the wind back home, but I am afraid that it will be too cold in the high places. …………Vertical changes in tropospheric temperature 11. Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue and violet, who is practicing dancing in the air with colorful colors.
…………Scattering 12. Suddenly, like a spring breeze coming overnight, thousands of pear trees bloom. .........Leng Feng 13. The apricot blossom rain makes your clothes wet, and the willow wind blows on your face without chilling it.
…………Warm Front 14. Sneak into the night with the wind, moistening things silently. …………Nuan Feng 15. During the Qingming Festival, it rains heavily, and pedestrians on the road feel like dying.
......... Quasi-stationary front in South China 16. The wind roared in Luntai on a September night, and the gravel in the river was as big as a bucket, and the rocks were scattered all over the ground in the wind. ......... Wind transport 17. The sky is not sunny for three days, and the ground is not level for three miles.
…………Kunming quasi-stationary front, karst landform 18. The sun rises in the east and rains in the west, but there is no sunshine but there is sunshine. ......... Convective rain 19. You have not yet heard of your return date, and the night rain in Bashan swells the autumn pond.
…………Valley wind and terrain rain 20. Why should the Qiang flute blame the willows? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass. ......... Monsoon area and non-monsoon area 21. The yellow plum rain has stopped at three o'clock, and the wind is coming for the first time thousands of miles away.
…………drought 22. The southern branches are warm and the northern branches are cold. There are two kinds of spring breeze. ......... Topography and climate 23. Wear a fur coat in the morning and a gauze in the afternoon, and eat watermelon around the stove.
…………Temperate continental climate 24. It is spring all year round under Luofu Mountain, and the reeds, oranges and bayberries are fresh every time. ......... South subtropical climate 25. The sun warms the chest, and the wind chills the back.
…………Qinghai-Tibet alpine climate 26. A mountain has four seasons, and the weather is different ten miles away. .........Alpine climate 27. The spring river tide reaches the sea level, and the bright moon on the sea rises with the tide.
…………Tides and moon phases 28. When you reach the top of the mountain, you can see all the mountains and small mountains at a glance. .........Mountainland 29. The sky is clear, the fields are vast, and the grass is blown by the wind, and cattle and sheep can be seen low.
…………Inner Mongolia Plateau 30. The stars hang down on the plains and the fields are wide, and the moon surges into the river. .........Plain 31. The river is a green belt, and the mountains are like jade hairpins.
…………Kashit Landform 32. People walk under water, while boats travel in the sky. .........River on the ground 33. There is no room for two tigers in one mountain.
.........Ecosystem energy flow 34. The falling river is not a heartless thing, it turns into spring mud to protect the flowers. .........Ecosystem material cycle, biological cycle 35. Jujube sprouts and cotton is planted.
…………Biological indicator function.
7. Material cycle and energy in the natural ecosystem
Any substance or element is in a certain stage of the cycle. They pass between biological organisms and the inanimate environment in the ecosystem. The cyclical activity process between ecosystems is called the material cycle of the ecosystem. The material cycle and energy flow of the ecosystem are closely related and inseparable.
Energy flows step by step in one direction in the food chain, constantly consumed and lost, while matter can be used multiple times by organisms, continuously circulated in the ecosystem, or disappear from an ecosystem. Appeared in another ecosystem. This is an important feature of material circulation and energy flow.
(Producers in the ocean are small in size, but their groups are large. Consumers are large in size) According to their functions in the ecosystem, they can be divided into three major functional groups: producers, consumers and decomposers.
Through photosynthesis, producers not only provide nutrients and energy for their own survival, growth and reproduction, but also provide the only source of energy for consumers and decomposers. Producers in marine ecosystems include all autotrophic organisms in the ocean. These organisms can synthesize inorganic substances such as water and carbon dioxide into organic compounds such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats through photosynthesis, and convert solar radiation energy into chemical energy. Stored in synthetic organic matter.
Only through the photosynthesis of producers can solar energy be continuously input into the ecosystem and then used by other organisms.
It is worth mentioning that the producers in the deep-sea hot spring ecosystem can produce organic matter through chemical energy, but there are no such producers on land. Consumers are animals that rely on plants and animals for food.
Animals that eat plants directly are called herbivores, also called primary consumers, such as most marine bivalves, gammarids, water fleas, abalone, etc.; animals that prey on animals are called carnivores, also called carnivores. They are called secondary consumers, such as jellyfish, arrow worms, shrimps and many fish, etc.; later there will be tertiary consumers, quaternary consumers, and even the top carnivores. Consumers also include omnivores that eat both plants and animals, such as mullet fish, detritivores that eat only dead plant and animal remains, and parasites.
Decomposers are an essential component of any ecosystem. Its basic function is to decompose the dead remains of animals and plants into relatively simple compounds, and finally into inorganic substances, and release them into the environment for reabsorption and utilization by producers.
In the dynamic balance of the global ecosystem, the main functions of resource decomposition are: ① Recycling nutrients through the decomposition of dead matter and providing nutrients to producers; ② Maintaining CO2 concentration in the atmosphere; ③ Stabilize and increase the content of organic matter in the soil, providing food for organisms at all levels after the detrital food chain; ④ Change the physical properties of the soil and change the inert substances on the earth's surface. Therefore, the decomposition process is of great significance for material circulation and energy flow. In addition, there are some animals that feed on animal and plant residues and humus, and play different degrees of role in the overall process of material decomposition, such as lugworms, sea earthworms, and sea cucumbers. Some people call these animals macrodecomposers. , and bacteria and fungi are called small decomposers.
Their important role in the ecosystem is to decompose complex organic matter into simple inorganic matter and return it to the environment for reuse by producers. The significance of decomposition is mainly to maintain the balance of global production and decomposition. Biomass refers to the weight of biological organic matter per unit area or unit volume of a water body.
In the ocean, production generally increases as biomass increases. The turnover rate refers to the ratio P/B coefficient of the newly increased biomass P within a certain period of time to the average biomass B during this period.
In the ocean, primary production is highest in coral reefs and kelp beds, and its changing trend is to gradually decrease from estuaries to continental shelves and to the ocean. The ocean, which accounts for 71% of the earth's surface area, has very low biological productivity, so some people call it a "biological desert."
The seasonal changes in primary productivity in the ocean are moderate, while the seasonal changes in land productivity are The fluctuation is large, and the productivity in summer is 60% higher on average than in winter. The turnover rate generally increases with the increase of biomass.
From the perspective of P/B ratio (or turnover rate), the smaller the individual. For species, the larger the P/B ratio, the smaller the biomass, but the shorter the turnover time, and the higher the yield. Generally, the biomass in the ocean increases faster than in the terrestrial ecosystem.
Herbivores have extremely high feeding efficiency. The efficiency of marine animals in using marine plants is about five times that of land animals in using land plants.
It is precisely because of this that although the total primary production of the ocean is only 1/3 of the primary production of the land, the total secondary production of the ocean is much higher than that of the land. The utilization efficiency of primary producers by herbivores in the ocean The utilization rate of nutrients is higher than that on land and higher than that of carnivores and omnivores, because most herbivores in the ocean feed on phytoplankton, seagrass, and algae. When eating, they basically take in all the food and carry out Relatively good digestion.
On land, most herbivorous animals only eat part of the plant, and the roots or stems are abandoned, or they are excreted without being digested well after eating. The consumption efficiency of herbivores in different ecosystems is different. ① The plant population growth rate is high, the generation is short, and the renewal is fast, so the percentage of its utilization is high; ② Herbaceous plants have less supporting tissue than woody plants and can Provide more net primary production for herbivores to utilize; ③ The density of small phytoplankton consumers (zooplankton) is very high, and the highest proportion of net primary production is utilized.
The same is true for carnivores, so herbivores have the highest utilization rate of primary producers in the ocean. In the marine biological community, starting from plants, bacteria or organic matter, passing through herbivores to carnivores at all levels, the nutritional relationship between the feeders and the eaten is formed, which is called the marine food chain.
Because one organism in the ocean often feeds on a variety of other organisms, and is itself eaten by multiple organisms, each organism is at a different trophic level in a sea area. In this way, the food relationships between various organisms in the entire sea area form an intricate network structure, which is the marine food web.
The conversion and flow of matter and energy through various links of the marine food web is a basic process of material circulation and energy flow in the marine ecosystem. Different levels of consumers (individuals, groups or populations, and communities) play in their different ecological niches.