Art songs originated in Europe at the end of18th century19th century. It is basically produced and developed on the basis of lyric songs. However, once it appeared, it showed its unique artistic charm in a short time, and developed in Aidit with its strong vitality, which is still widely circulated today. At the beginning of the popularity of art songs in Europe, composers soon formed some relatively strict and fixed artistic requirements for this new song art form in terms of the content and techniques of songwriting, which was obviously different from other kinds of song art forms such as lyric songs, narrative songs, folk songs and popular songs.
For a long time, the concept of art songs should be embodied in two aspects before it can be called pure art songs.
First of all, the lyrics of songs must be poems written by famous writers and poets. For example, German art songs "Riding on Singing Wings", "Bodhi Tree" and "Listen, Listen, Lark" were all written by literary masters Heine, Mill and Shakespeare. Secondly, musically, it is required that the tune must have the artistic image of scene blending and poetic lyrics. It embodies the unspeakable, elegant and upward artistic realm, artistic taste and artistic ambition of poets and composers. An excellent one-meter song should be a perfect combination of high-level literary poetry and music, and music creation techniques should be properly used in tune according to the content of poetry.
The tune of an art song, including a singing part and an accompaniment part, is usually accompanied by a piano. The significance of this accompaniment part is not only a lotus leaf-like foil to the singing part, but also the use of various expressions in music art to make accompaniment and singing perfectly intertwined, forming a musical melody texture, thus shaping a complete and rich musical image. The Trout by Schubert, a German composer, and the Wish by Chopin, a Polish composer, vividly embody this creative intention in music.
In addition to the above songs, the classic works of early typical art songs can also be listed as Schubert's Wild Rose, Chun Mu, Where to Go, Last Wish, Mozart's Longing for Violets in Spring, Beethoven's I Love You and Miss My Hometown, Schumann's To the Sun and When Warm Wind Blows Over the Sea, and Russian composer Tchaikovsky.
In terms of musical artistic expression, artistic songs also have a broad space, which can mobilize all kinds of musical creative thinking, creative techniques and musical language to try and explore. According to the content of different meanings, or using rich and varied timbres to express flowers and birds, spring is beautiful. Or use a variety of chords and modes to accurately and delicately depict the complex inner world of the characters and express the thoughts and feelings of joy, anger, sadness and joy, which is incomparable to other types of songs. To sum up, heavy makeup in music creation techniques and euphemistic and implicit expression of psychological feelings are two major characteristics of artistic expression of artistic songs.
Listening to art songs is of great help to improve people's artistic accomplishment, artistic realm and artistic appreciation ability. It brings people a kind of artistic enjoyment that lasts for three days and has endless aftertaste. Art songs are mostly solo in singing form. But the voices are widely used, including soprano solo, coloratura soprano solo, mezzo-soprano solo, tenor solo, baritone solo, and even bass solo and mezzo-soprano solo. In addition, there is a choir and several duets.
Art songs are the product of The Romantic Period in Europe. Art songs have made great progress since Schubert, the "king of songs" in the19th century. Schubert and his successors, such as Schumann, Brahms and Robert Flantz, made art songs one of the most striking manifestations of romanticism in the19th century. Its structure is meticulous and exquisite, and the language of music and poetry is integrated, and the two are in perfect harmony. Poetry paves the way for songs and songs add luster to poems. In the history of western music, the creation of Schubert's artistic songs and its profound influence and enlightenment on later composers have enabled many music masters to write many excellent works for this genre, such as Schumann's Poet's Love and Carl Levi's Edward. So as to promote the development and perfection of artistic songs in expressiveness and bring European artistic songs into a brand-new world.
As early as the12nd century, with the rise of artists and poets in bard, southern France, love songs and narrative songs developed, followed by songs by German poets (Minnesinger) and famous singers (Meistersiugen) in the14th century and15th century. Pastoral appeared in16th century and17th century, and the creation in this period had a far-reaching impact on the improvement of the Song Dynasty's creative level. The development of German art songs was initiated by Hasley and Abbett. After Mozart and Beethoven to Schubert, Schubert made song creation extremely prosperous-he invested more emotion and drama in the form of art songs than any composer. With the passage of time, two representative schools of German art songs and French art songs have gradually formed.
Although these artistic songs have different styles, they are all based on excellent poems, with exquisite music melody and perfect piano accompaniment, forming a unique boutique. /kloc-In the 20th century, composers from Britain, Spain, America, Russia, Hungary and other countries also created many artistic songs. Art songs generally have obvious genre characteristics, which are closely related to different language habits in different countries.