Farewell Xu Zhimo, Cambridge
I left quietly,
Just as I came quietly;
I quietly left beckoning,
Farewell to the clouds in the western sky.
The golden willows by the river,
are the bride in the sunset,
the beautiful shadow in the ripples,
in my heart Ripple.
The green banana plant on the soft mud,
swaying oilily under the water;
In the soft waves of the Cam River,
I am willing to be a waterweed!
The pool under the shade of elm trees,
is not a clear spring, but a rainbow from the sky;
crushed among the floating algae,
p>
Precipitating rainbow-like dreams.
Looking for a dream? Take a long punt pole and slowly row upstream to where the grass is greener,
Load a boat full of stars,
and sing in the colorful starlight.
But I can’t sing,
Quietness is the shengxiao of parting;
The summer insects are also silent for me,
Silence is today Late Cambridge!
I leave quietly,
Just as I came quietly;
I wave my sleeves,
I won’t take them away A cloud.
The poet's life
Xu Zhimo 1896-1931, formerly known as Xu Zhangxu, was born in Haining, Zhejiang. His pen name is Yunzhonghe and Nanhu. He is a famous poet and essayist.
Xu Zhimo went to the United States to study in 1918 after graduating from Shanghai Hujiang University. Later, he went to Cambridge University in London to meet Rousseau and received a master's degree. After returning to China, he successively served as a professor at Peking University, Tsinghua University, and concurrently as a professor at Nanjing Central University. In 1923, he founded the Crescent Society with Wen Yiduo, Hu Shi, Liang Shiqiu and others. When Rabindranath Tagore visited China in 1924, he took the initiative to serve as an interpreter and accompanied him to Japan. In 1927, he founded Crescent Bookstore and "Crescent" books and periodicals in Shanghai. In 1931, he was appointed editor-in-chief of Poetry Magazine. He died in a plane crash on November 19th while flying from Nanjing to Peking.
He is the author of "Zhimo's Poems", "A Night in Feilengcui", "Collection of Tigers", etc.
Xu Zhimo is a rare poet. His poems are rich in thought, changeable in structure, and full of innovation. When he speaks, there is a surge of pride in his throat that is rare among true poets. He dared to say "Don't pinch me, it hurts", he dared to write "My thoughts are tortured by doctrine and I suffer", and he also dared to "catch the rails with a train". ... Among modern Chinese poets, Xu Zhimo is truly a poet who can be said to be "equipped with all styles". He is good at dialogue, narrative, and Tang Juan styles. ...After being amazed, only four words remain: uncanny craftsman - Of course, a true poet may not necessarily be a great poet, just as a true villain is not necessarily a villain.
2. Writing background
"Cambridge" is now commonly translated as "Cambridge", which is the abbreviation of the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom. The school was founded in 1209 and consists of dozens of colleges. He studied there from 1921 to the following year and wrote "See You Again, Cambridge". After traveling in Europe in 1925, he wrote "The Cambridge I Know". In 1928, he once again traveled to Japan, the United States, Britain and other countries, and wrote "Farewell Cambridge Again" in November.
3. Reading poetry
Specific reading pauses and rereading:
//Pause ( ) rhythm
(gently)/ / I (go), just as I // (gently) came;
I (gently) // wave, bidding farewell to the // (clouds) of the (Western Sky).
The (golden willow) by the // river is the // (bride) (in the sunset);
The (colored shadow) in the (waves of light) is in my ( Heart)//(rippling).
The (green) on the soft mud, (greasy) // (swaggering) at the bottom of the water;
In the (soft waves) of the Cam River, I (willingly) //Make a (water plant).
(The) (the) pool under the shade of the elm is not a clear spring, but a (rainbow in the sky),
Crushed in (among the floating algae), settling // (rainbow) Like (dream).
(Dream seeking)? Take a pole (long pole) and slowly row upstream to where the grass is greener/// (fully loaded) with a boat (full of stars), In the (beautiful) starlight// (sing a song).
(But) I (cannot) sing, (quietly) it is the shengxiao (parting);
The summer insects are also (silent) for me, (silent) // is ( (Cambridge) tonight!
(quietly) // (I left), just as // I (quietly) (came);
I waved (sleeves), (no) Take away//(a piece of)/(cloud).
Teachers read aloud, and then students read aloud together, in groups, and individually.
Clarity:
1. The poet regards "Cambridge" as a "rare confidant", "the source of life" and the hometown of spiritual attachment". "Farewell to Cambridge" selects Cambridge Representative scenery constitutes an image to express his love and attachment to his alma mater.
The first is "Golden Willow". The willow trees by the river are dyed golden by the setting sun, like a bride in full makeup. Their beautiful shadows are reflected in the waves of the Jian River, and also ripple in the poet's heart.
The second is the green "green water plant", which seems to be waving to the poet in the clear and soft waves of the Cam River, and the poet is willing to be such a water plant.
The third is "clear spring", which looks like a rainbow in the sky under the shade of elm trees, depositing rainbow-like dreams.
The fourth is: "Long Peng", holding a boat full of stars, paddling up to where the grass is greener, to pursue dreams and sing songs.
2. Beautiful artistic conception:
"But I can't sing", sentimentality has hurt parting since ancient times, "quietness is the shengxiao of parting". From the setting sun to the boat full of stars, the poet has stayed on the Cam River for a long time, but there is a final farewell. It is better to come softly, go softly, come quietly, go quietly, even summer insects are for me. Be silent, so as not to be more sad when you are away from others. Wave your sleeves and bid farewell to Cambridge quietly.
In the first stanza of the poem, "gently" is used three times, and in the last two stanzas, "quietly" is used three times, which further exaggerates the atmosphere of being unable to bear to leave but having to say goodbye, creating a soft and elegant beauty.
3. The structure of "Farewell Cambridge" is beautiful:
The whole poem has 7 stanzas, each stanza has 4 lines, each line has 6 to 8 words, and the first word of each line is one space lower. , the poems are uniform but have changes.
4. Musical beauty:
The rhythm of each sentence is mostly three beats. The rhyme is used carefully and delicately, creating the beauty of harmonious loops.
The rhyme of the whole poem is intertwined or connected by two lines. The two lines within the stanza each rhyme, basically changing the rhyme for each stanza.
Single lines are more flexible, and some rhyme within the stanza, such as the single line "singing" and "silence" in stanza 6, and the double lines "Sheng" and "Cambridge" are interlaced; some stanzas It is connected back and forth with the stanzas, such as "beckoning" in the first stanza and "golden willow" in the second stanza, "Yanying" in the second stanza and "green water" in the third stanza.
Sometimes double lines and single lines are connected successively, such as "dream" in the last line of stanza 4 and "seeking dreams" at the beginning of stanza 5, and the last line of stanza 5 and stanza 6 The "singing" in the first line of the stanza, the two "silences" in stanza 6, the repetition and echo at the beginning and end of stanza 1 and stanza 7 all constitute the beauty of the music.
This poem was written on November 6, 1928, and was first published in the "Crescent" monthly magazine, Volume 1, No. 10, on December 10, 1928, signed by Xu Zhimo. Cambridge is the seat of the famous Cambridge University in the UK. From October 1920 to August 1922, the poet studied here. The Kangqiao period was a turning point in Xu Zhimo's life. The poet once stated in "The Preface to the Collection of Tigers": Before the age of 24, his interest in poetry was far less than his interest in the theory of relativity or the theory of folk conventions. It was the water of the Cam River that opened up the poet's soul and awakened the poet's destiny that had been dormant in his heart for a long time. Therefore, he later said with great affection: "It was Kangqiao who taught me to open my eyes, my thirst for knowledge that was stirred by Kangqiao, and my self-awareness that Kangqiao gave me as an embryo." ("Smoking and Culture") )
In 1928, the poet revisited his hometown. On November 6, while on his way home in the South China Sea, he composed this masterpiece. This poem was first published in the "Crescent" monthly magazine, Volume 1, No. 10, on December 10, 1928, and was later included in "Tiger Collection". It can be said that the "Cambridge plot" runs through Xu Zhimo's poems throughout his life; and "Farewell to Cambridge" is undoubtedly the most famous one.
The first section of "Farewell Cambridge" writes about the long-lost students' sorrow when they say goodbye to their alma mater. Using three "gently" in a row makes us feel as if the poet is standing on tiptoe, coming like a breeze and then blowing away silently; and the deepest love is actually illusive in the moment of waving. Became "the clouds in the western sky." Sections 2 to 6 describe the poet boating in the Cam River in search of dreams. The golden willows covered with sunset light, the green cattails on the soft mud, and the pools under the shade of the trees all come into view one by one. The two metaphors are quite cleverly used: the first one boldly imagines the "golden willows by the river" as the "bride in the sunset", turning the inanimate scenery into a living thing, warm and pleasant; The second one is to mistook the clear pool water for a "rainbow in the sky". After being crushed by floating algae, it turned into a "rainbow-like dream". It is in the midst of confusion and infatuation that the poet is like Zhuang Zhou dreaming of a butterfly, with two ambitions: things and myself. He directly feels that "the beautiful shadow in the waves / is rippling in my heart", and is willing to be a swaggering waterweed in the soft waves of the Cam River. . This masterpiece that combines subjectivity and objectivity is both an accidental achievement and the result of repeated efforts; in stanzas 5 and 6, the poet reveals a new artistic conception. Borrowing from "Dream/Looking for Dreams", "A boat full of stars,/Singing in the colorful starlight", "Singing,/But I can't sing", "The summer insects are also silent for me/Silence is Cambridge tonight" four This refrain pushes the whole poem to a climax, just like the water of the Cam River, with twists and turns! But his frenzied state of singing songs on his bare feet in a place where the grass is greener and the stars are bright has not yet come true. The silence and speechlessness at this time is better than so many love words! The last section uses three "quietly" to correspond to the loop of the first palace. Come in style and leave in style. Wave your sleeves, what is shaking off? No need to say more. Since you have experienced nirvana once in Cambridge, why take away a cloud? The whole poem is completed in one breath and is soul-stirring. It is the best description of Xu Zhimo's "poetic life". Hu Shi said: "His outlook on life is really a kind of 'pure faith', with only three big words in it: one is love, one is freedom, and one is beauty."
He dreamed that these three ideal conditions could be combined in one life. This was his 'simple faith'. The history of his life is simply the history of his pursuit of the realization of this simple faith. "("In Memory of Xu Zhimo") If so, then isn't the poet's wandering by the Cam River an epitome of this pursuit? Xu Zhimo advocated artistic poetry. He deeply admired the beauty of Wen Yiduo's music and painting , the poetics of architectural beauty, especially the beauty of music. He even said: "...Only when we understand that the life of poetry lies in its internal rhythm can we understand the true interest of poetry; no matter what, No matter how noble your thoughts are or how passionate your emotions are, you have to completely 'musicalize' (that is, poeticize) in order to gain the understanding of poetry..." ("Poetry Magazine Holiday").
Reflection This poem "Farewell to Cambridge": the whole poem has seven stanzas, each stanza has four lines, and each line has two or three stanzas. It is informal but rigorous. The rhyme scheme strictly adheres to the second and fourth rhymes, with ups and downs, and is clear and clear. Mouth. This beautiful rhythm ripples like ripples, which is not only the sound of the devout student's dream, but also fits the ebb and flow of the poet's emotions. The seven verses are arranged in an orderly manner, and the rhythm is in place. Among them, Xu Zhimo spreads out slowly, which has a poet's demeanor of "white face in robe, thin on a cold island in the countryside". It can be said that it reflects Xu Zhimo's idea of ??poetic beauty.