Among them, Chaohu Lake is the largest, commonly known as Jiaohu Lake. It is one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China, located in the middle of Anhui Province, with a length of 55 kilometers from east to west, a width of 2 1 km from north to south, a coastline circumference of 176 km, an average water depth of 2.89 meters, an area of 780 square kilometers and a volume of 2.07 billion cubic meters. The scope of water intake includes Hefei, Chaohu, Feidong, Feixi, Lujiang, Shucheng and Wuwei. There are 35 rivers along the lake. The main famous aquatic products in Chaohu Lake are whitebait, white shrimp and lake crab, which are known as the "Three Freshness of Chaohu Lake".
Wabu Lake, the largest lake in the Huaihe River Basin of Anhui Province, is located in the southeast of Shouxian County, with a total length of 60 kilometers, the widest point of the water surface is 6000 meters, and the narrowest point is only 300 meters. When the water level is maintained at18.0m, the corresponding water surface of the lake area is 156 km2, and the water storage capacity is 220 million cubic meters.
Gaotang Lake is a lake on the south bank of Huaihe River in the east of Huainan City, Anhui Province. The local people are also called Yaohe, which is actually the river course of Yaohe, a tributary of the former Huaihe River. After the Yellow River migrated to capture the Huai River, the estuary was silted by sediment, and the accumulated water became a stagnant lake formed in the lower reaches of Hulao River. The lake area spans Fengyang, Changfeng, Dingyuan and 1 areas in Datong District of Huainan City, and is connected to the rivers of Luo Qing, He Pei and Luo Jian in the south and discharged into the Huaihe River in the north via the lower reaches of He Yao River.
Nvshan Lake, a tributary of Huaihe River, is located on the right bank of Huaihe River, eight kilometers north of Mingguang Town, mingguang city. It is the largest lake in mingguang city and one of the famous lakes in Anhui Province. The lake covers an area of 80 square kilometers (74 square kilometers), with a surface area of 654.38+0.5 million mu. The elevation of the lake bottom is 1 1.0m, and the average water depth is 2.7m.1983. After the completion of the gate, the lake water has been reasonably controlled. When the normal water level is14.5m, the corresponding water storage capacity is 2160,000 cubic meters, making it an important aquatic product base in Mingguang and eastern Anhui.
Baidang Lake, commonly known as Mingchi, is located in Zongyang County, Tongling City, Anhui Province. The total water surface area is 57.8 square kilometers, and the main rivers flowing into it are Luochang River and Shi Yang River, which cross the Yangtze River from the south through Baidangmen. It is the mother of Zongyang people and the largest freshwater lake in Zongyang.
Balihe Scenic Area is located in Yingshang County, southeast of Fuyang City, Anhui Province, with Huaishui in the south, Heying in the east, Yingcheng 8 km in the north, Fuyang 60 km in the west and Hefei 170 km in the southeast. With a total area of 15.8 square kilometers, the tourist area is divided into five scenic spots: Bird Language Forest, West District, East District, Twelve Flowers Island and Ming and Qing Gardens. Balihe Scenic Area is an inland lake, located in the transition zone from warm temperate zone to subtropical zone, with four distinct seasons. The annual average precipitation in Balihe Scenic Area is 923.8 mm, the annual average temperature is 15. 1 Celsius, and the annual average sunshine hours are 22 13.3 hours. 2013101Balihe Scenic Area was awarded the title of "National AAAAA Scenic Area" by the National Tourism Administration. 2014165438+13 October, Balihe Scenic Area officially became a national water conservancy scenic spot.
Chengxi Lake is located on the right bank of Huaihe River, downstream of Fenghe River, west of Huoqiu County, Lu 'an City, Anhui Province, hence its name. It is also called Hufeng Lake because it is located at the tail of Fenghe River. Because there is East Lake in the east, Huoqiu County is often referred to as West Lake for short. After the Yellow River captured the Huaihe River, the lower reaches of the Fenghe River silted up. Chengxi Lake has the functions of flood storage, irrigation, aquatic products and shipping. In history, there were frequent floods in Chengxi Lake, the first was the backward flow of Huaihe River, and the second was that the internal water could not leak out when the water level of Huaihe River was high, which led to waterlogging. There have been treatments throughout the ages. After returning farmland to the lake in the 20th century, large-scale control was carried out, and the flood was basically controlled. As an integral part of the flood control project near Huaigang, the lock of Chengxihu Lake was rebuilt as a hub leading to Huoqiu and communicating with Huaihe River.
Chengdong Lake is located in the lower reaches of Jihe River, a tributary on the right bank of Huaihe River, in the east of Huoqiu County, Lu 'an City, Anhui Province, hence its name. Also known as ronghu or ronghu. It is an important lake depression and flood storage area in the middle reaches of Huaihe River, and also a national ecological function protection area and an important water source for flood storage. Uneven uplift movement between north and south, flood and siltation of Huaihe River, and water accumulation in depressions. Because of the depth of the lake, it is not easy to clear it. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, no reclamation was carried out, only flood storage was carried out. 195 1 year, Chengdong Lake was listed as a flood storage area in the middle and lower reaches of Huaihe River. There are more than 40 kinds of fish in the lake area, which are rich in shrimp, crab and whitebait. It is one of the key development breeding bases in Anhui Province, with the functions of flood storage, irrigation and aquatic products.
Jiaogang Lake, north bank of Huaihe River. Maoji Town, Fengtai County is southwest, spanning Fengtai and Yingshang counties, and is located on the bank of Huaihe River, at the foot of water, separated from Huaihe River by a dike. The lake area is higher in the north, west and south, and lower in the east. It is convenient to take water from Nagusha River, Gudun River, Zhuogou, Huashuijian, Guangouwa, Dingjiawa, Hutianwa and Zhongxinggou to the east.
Garden Lake is located in the south bank of Bengbu-Fushan section of Huaihe River, spanning Fengyang, Mingguang and Wuhe counties. The lake belongs to Fengyang County and is adjacent to Zaoxiang Town, Huangwan Township, Daxihe Town, Xiaoxi Town of Wuhe County and Qiaotou Town of mingguang city. It belongs to a typical structural lake, and the geological structure is formed by the water accumulated in the local depression of the Tan-Lu fault zone (west section). Later, affected by the flood of the Yellow River, the outlet was silted up and the lake gradually expanded. The lake area is T-shaped, which is 12km long from southwest to northeast, and extends about 7km from east to west in the south. Xiaoxi River and Banqiao River in the south meet water and flow northward, and then flow into Huaihe River in the west of Xiaoxi Town through Huayuan Lake Gate.
Qili Lake, located on the right bank of Huaihe River, the northeast border of mingguang city, Anhui Province, and separated from Xuyi County, Jiangsu Province, is a local depression and depression of the Tanlu fault zone, which was formed by the expansion of Hongze Lake. From Jinli in the south to the old county town (now Nvshanhu Township) in the north, the lake area is 13km long, 2-5km wide and covers an area of 58km2, of which the southeast branch is called Shuichang Lake, with a length of 4km and a width of 2km, and the south receives rainwater from steep streams (also known as Zhongluojian, Shiba River or Jinli River) and streams, and the water keeps flowing into the lake.
Huyi Lake is located in the northeast border of Tianchang County and the west bank of gaoyou lake. The main water source is Yangcun River, and the lake area is formed by the expansion of the depression in the lower reaches of Yangcun River. Length10km, maximum width 4km, and lake area of 36km2. The incoming water flows into the Laobaita River in the northeast of Zhangzhuang and eastward into gaoyou lake. 1978 built a flood gate at the mouth of the lake to control it. Despite the backward flow in gaoyou lake, the lake area has been reduced to 18 square kilometers, with a water level of 7.0 meters and a corresponding volume of 22.8 million cubic meters. Develop irrigation. It has the advantages of flood detention, irrigation and aquaculture.
Yanghu Wetland is located in Xiangjiang New District in the southwest of Changsha City, Hunan Province, with Yuelu Mountain in the north and Xiangjiang River in the east, surrounded by Jinjiang and Yahe River. The wetland covers a total area of 4.85 square kilometers, which consists of five areas: wetland leisure area, wetland biodiversity exhibition area, wetland science and education area, wetland ecological protection area and Yahe and Jinjianghe tidal flat wetlands. It is the largest urban wetland in central and southern China.
Nanyi Lake, called Nanleng Lake in ancient times, is referred to as Nanhu Lake and Huyi Lake for short. Xuanzhou District and Langxi County of Xuancheng City in the southeast of Anhui Province are under the jurisdiction of the two counties. It is a stagnant lake-ancient Danyang Lake, which was formed by long-term deposition of sediments in the neotectonic fault depression. Nanyi Lake receives the water from the tributaries of Langchuan River and Shuiyangjiang River in the northeast, goes to Mashanbu in the southwest corner, joins Shuiyangjiang in Xinhe Village and reaches the Yangtze River directly. It has the functions of flood storage, irrigation, aquaculture and tourism. It is an outflow freshwater lake on the south bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the largest lake in southern Anhui and one of the main lakes for regulating the water quantity of Shuiyangjiang River. The coastline is tortuous, with "nine mouths and thirteen bays, and Hong Kong and Han are like a pearl net". Nanyi Lake has beautiful scenery and is rich in freshwater fish, especially whitebait, crab, water chestnut and lotus root in Nanhu Lake.
Wuchang Lake, the collective name of Chihu Lake, Wuchang Lake and Caoqing Lake in Wangjiang County, Anhui Province, is located on the left bank of the Yangtze River and originally belonged to the Yangtze River water system. As a part of the water relics in Gu Lei, it is a stagnant lake in the valley formed by river siltation and accumulated water. This is a freshwater lake. The bottom of the lake is flat, mainly silt, and gradually inclines from east to west. Its elevation is 10.70m in the east, 10.00m in Wuchang Ferry and 9.50m in the west. Wuchang Lake is 27.5 kilometers long from east to west and 8.0 kilometers wide from north to south. There are many tributaries, and the lake water flows directly or indirectly into the Yangtze River through the artificial rivers Xingfu River and Zhangxin River. The fishery in the lake area is relatively developed and there is tourism development.
Caizi Lake, with a total area of 1.7 million hectares, is a rare wetland, which attracts many migratory birds and resident birds, such as white-headed cranes, oriental storks, egrets and Hongyan. Among them, the white-headed crane has been listed as a national first-class key protected wild animal, with a global distribution of more than 1 10,000. The number of white-headed cranes wintering in Caizi Lake accounts for about the global population of this species. Oriental white stork, which is listed as an endangered species by IUCN, is only about 3,000 in the world, and the wintering population in Caizi Lake accounts for about 5% of the global population. The number of white spoonbill and swan goose distributed in Caizi Lake accounts for about 65,438+09% and 65,438+03% of this species in the world respectively. In addition, Caizi Lake is also an important migration and wintering place for black-bellied shorebirds in inland lakes.
The topography of Anhui Province presents diversity. The Yangtze River and Huaihe River, two important rivers in China, cross the whole territory from west to east, dividing the province into three natural regions. The Yangtze River flows through central and southern Anhui, with a total length of 4 16 km. Huaihe River flows through northern Anhui, with a total length of 430 kilometers; Xin 'anjiang River is the main source of Qiantang River, with a total length of 240 kilometers. There are many lakes in the Yangtze River system, including Chaohu Lake, Longgan Lake and Nanyi Lake, among which Chaohu Lake covers an area of nearly 800 square kilometers and is one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China.