During the Warring States period, Korea, Zhao and Wei were divided into Jin and quickly became three powerful countries. In that special historical period, when the vassal regime was divided and a hundred schools of thought contended, the activities of Han, Zhao and Wei directly affected the development process of China. In the land of Sanjin, Li Kui's political reform, Wei Wenhou's political reform, Ximen Bao's rule of the country, Zhang Yi's world, riding and shooting, besieging Wei to save Zhao, and the battle of Changping were wonderful.
Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, Shanxi has written a glorious chapter of the great integration of the Chinese nation. From a certain point of view, the history of Shanxi is a history of ethnic integration. Since ancient times, Shanxi has been a natural channel for the cultural integration between the Central Plains and the northern nationalities, and it is also a frontier zone for the collision and docking of the farming economy in the Central Plains and the nomadic economy in the north. Shanxi has always played the role of a national melting pot and written a glorious chapter of national integration.
In ancient times, the countries in the Central Plains were called Huaxia because of their economic and cultural advantages, while other neighboring or chaotic ethnic groups were regarded as Rongdi barbarians. With the strengthening of China's national strength, Xirong was destroyed by Qin, Jin and Qi. Most of the small countries of Huai and Yi were destroyed by Chu and Lu, and Rong Di Manyi gradually accepted more advanced Chinese culture and gradually integrated into China. During the Western Han Dynasty, the ethnic integration with the Huns was promoted through the policies of attacking by force and being pro-business. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a drought in the northern grassland, and the Xiongnu split in two. South Xiongnu belonged to the Han Dynasty and moved to Fenhe River Basin in Shanxi. At the beginning of Jian 'an, Cao Cao divided the Xiongnu into five parts, living in Shanxi, with a total of about 200 thousand people. During the Jin Dynasty, the scale of ethnic integration was upgraded again, and the Huns attached to it on a large scale for four times, with as many as 19 kinds of immigrant tribes, especially in Taiyuan. At the same time, there are also Jie, Xianbei, Qiang and Miao nationalities living in Shanxi. During the Sixteen Kingdoms period, Shanxi was a region where contradictions were concentrated. All ethnic groups dominate each other, and wars continue, but the integration of national cultures is also intensifying. Sanjin culture has enriched fresh blood because of ethnic integration, and people of all ethnic groups have made contributions to the development of Chinese civilization in the process of sinicization.
Immigrants from Dahuai during the Song and Ming Dynasties are the spiritual symbols of the Chinese nation's diligence, patriotism and yearning for their ancestors. According to scholars' research, there were immigrants from Shanxi in the Southern Song Dynasty, but in the early Ming Dynasty, the immigrants in Hongwu and Yongle were large in scale and many times, reaching more than 20 times and lasting 50 years. The Ming court set up a bureau station in Hongtong Sophora japonica to register immigrants and issue Sichuan-funded vouchers. After the residence division entered the customs, it was escorted by the military governor's office and settled in various provinces and counties. Immigrants not only come from Hongdong, but also spread all over Shanxi Province. The destination is particularly wide, covering 30 provinces and cities in China and 22 17 counties and cities. Sophora japonica has become a symbol of immigrant gathering place, and descendants of immigrants from all over the world regard Sophora japonica as their ancestral home.
At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the war between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River in the Central Plains was endless, which greatly damaged the productive forces, caused numerous casualties, destroyed battlements, destroyed rural areas, floods and droughts, locust plagues, and 10 people died in Huaibei, Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Hubei and other places. "A hundred people are left behind, and there are no crows in a thousand miles." "When Chun Yan came back, he was homeless, and his bare land was thousands of miles away." However, due to Shanxi's dangerous terrain, wars in neighboring provinces rarely spread to Shanxi, and most areas in the province have good weather, bumper harvests year after year, social stability, economic prosperity and rich population. In order to consolidate the political power and resume production, the Ming court took measures to revitalize agriculture with immigration and reclamation as the center, and set Guangji Temple in Hongtong County as the resettlement place. Immigrants from Sophora japonica tried their best to set up cities in various places. Gradually, there were more people, department stores were full, and people had no food, which made great contributions to the economic development and people's livelihood revitalization in various places. Descendants emigrate to their descendants and go abroad to make a living. Since modern times, many Chinese descendants at home and abroad have taken the big pagoda tree as their ancestral home, remembering the hard work of their ancestors and pinning their love for their country and hometown. The Chinese pagoda tree planted in front of Guangji Temple is closely connected with immigrants, becoming the root of immigrants, synonymous with ancestors, and the source of stimulating the cohesion of the Chinese nation. Shanxi East Yitai is a natural barrier, the Yellow River is a natural barrier in the west and south, and the Great Wall is a natural barrier in the north. Taihang Mountain, Hengshan Mountain, Wutai Mountain, Taiyue Mountain, Zhongtiaoshan Mountain and Lvliang Mountain are ups and downs. During the period when hills and basins were everywhere, mountains and plateaus were interconnected, with steep terrain and numerous passes. The situation is natural, and the surface mountains and rivers are natural. According to this, commanding, Hebei-Shandong-Henan plain can go out of the east gate.
More than 5,000 years ago, the first large-scale war in the history of China broke out in Xiezhou, Hedong. Huangdi nationality defeated Yan Di nationality and Jiuli nationality successively, and formed the Chinese nation. Ancient war sites include the largest battle of Changping at the end of the Warring States Period, the famous and legendary Yanmenguan, Ning Wuguan and Piantouguan, the once deafening ancient battlefield of Golden Beach, where thousands of soldiers guarding the border of the Han Dynasty were buried, and the well-preserved ancestral temple of Yang Jiajiang in Daixian County, the ancient city of Ningwu Song Jianninghua, and the new and old Guangwucheng. During the Warring States Period, Lian Po, Li Mu and many other ancient famous soldiers; Wei Qing, Huo Qubing and Li Guang in the Han Dynasty; Guan Yu and Zhang Liao in the Three Kingdoms; Weichi Gong and Xue in Tang Dynasty: Yang Ye, Yang Jiajiang and Di Qing in Song Dynasty were all from Shaanxi. Together with the Great Wall, they interpret the history of the nation and cast the soul of the nation, which is an inexhaustible source of culture in Shanxi and even the Great Wall. Ancient Taihang-ancient human civilization. Taihang Mountain is an immortal monument of human history. As early as ancient times, human beings have thrived on this fertile soil. Shennong, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, completed the great changes in human history from nomadism to settlement, from fishing and hunting to farming. Taihang Mountain, also known as Queen Mother Mountain and Nuwa Mountain, is where myths and legends such as "Shennong tasted a hundred valleys", "Grain King reclaimed wasteland", "Going to Shandong for farming", "Shooting for nine days" and "Goddess mending the sky" all happened. According to legend, Chiyou, Yao, Shun and Yu, leaders of Jiuli tribe, once lived here. The main stage of Nu Wa's activities is in Taihang Mountain area, Shanxi Province, and there are still many relics of Nu Wa. For example, in Tiantai Mountain in Changzhi, there is a "lookout roof" of Nu Wa's "refining stones to make up the sky"; In the north valley of Fushan Mountain in Jincheng, there is a "Wahuang Cave" where Nuwa "refines the stone to make up the sky"; The eldest son sent Lushan Mountain, with the remains of Nuwa's "Jingwei Reclamation"; Guang Zhi in Licheng has Nuwa's "Wahuang Temple" and so on.
Taihang Mountain has a long history, with not only ancient human civilization, but also rich cultural treasures. Chinese historical and cultural cities on both sides of Taihang Mountain exude antique charm, leaving behind the footprints of emperors, generals, dignitaries, literary giants, religious celebrities and skilled craftsmen. "I threw away my food sticks and cups. I couldn't eat or drink. I pulled out my dagger and I peeped in four directions in vain. I will cross the Yellow River, but the icy ferry will climb the snowy Taihang Mountain. " Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once recited the poem Difficult to Walk. On the way to the Northern Expedition, Cao Cao, Wei Xiang of the Three Kingdoms, also wrote a desolate lament that "it is difficult to enter Taihang Mountain in the north, and the wheels are destroyed". The perception of ancestors has added a bit of mystery and vastness to Taihang Mountain. From the battle of Zhuolu in Xiezhou, Shanxi Province to the Xia and Shang Dynasties in China's history, from the vassal of the State of Jin to the establishment of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, from the division of the State of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period to the Three Jin Dynasties, from the battle of Changping to the unification of Qin Dynasty, ups and downs of historical dramas were staged in Shanxi in turn. The solidification of history makes the ancient buildings on the ground in Shanxi account for 72% of the country, and more than 80% of these 72% are in Taihang Mountain area.