Light rain hides the mountains for a long time, and the Yangtze River sails late.
The banquet is isolated from the world, and no one knows the beauty of painting.
Every hive has its own family, and a tea vine is cooked everywhere.
—— Huang Tingjian
Luoxing Temple is in the north of Poyang Lake, and the majestic Lushan Mountain is in the north. Legend has it that a superstar accidentally fell from the sky and turned into an island when he touched the ground. It is a famous meteorite in Xing Zi County, hence the name Meteor Temple. This temple is located between the lake and Shan Lan, just like a fairyland. Coupled with the wonderful legend, this place has naturally become a place where poets linger.
Huang Tingjian was born in Fenning, Hongzhou (now Xiushui, Jiangxi). From Fenning along Xiushui to the east, you can go directly to Poyang Lake. He has been to Luoxing Temple several times, and now there are four poems in his poetry collection called Luoxing Temple. Choose the most popular one here. The title of the poem is still "the title of falling star temple Lanyixuan".
The first two periods showed the depth of the temple and attracted scholars' poems. Shikai is a monk. "Elder Brother Long" refers to the poet's uncle Li Gongze, who once worked as a bachelor of straight men in Longtuge, and was quite famous at that time. In fact, it refers to the poets who came here to recite poems in the past dynasties, and also refers to the author's own situation. The word "deep" is the key to the whole poem. Luoxing Temple is located deep in the mountains, so it is quiet and lonely. The following are all from the word "deep".
Three or four sentences are the epigrams of this poem, and the word "Tibetan" in "Light Rain Hides Mountains" brings rain and mountains to life. The drizzle falling from the gloomy sky has covered the world with a thin veil, as if to hide everything in front of us in its endless veil. This is the image captured by the poet here. The word "hidden mountain" is in the language version of Dazhuangziwen: "The husband hides the boat in the ravine, and the mountain is solid in the middle of the river. However, in the middle of the night, the powerful people left, and the ignorant people didn't know. " This is Zhuangzi's imagination. This sentence is a combination of imagination and reality. "Rain hides mountains" is a cliche, but only in the works of poets with keen insight can we reproduce this picture with concise words.
Because of the light rain and the absence of guests, the poet had to sit around in the temple, perhaps talking about Zen with a monk or having a cup of tea. However, at first glance, there are small sails on the Yangtze River approaching slowly, far from the horizon, but because they are too far apart, it seems that they will never reach the front. The poetry of this sentence comes from Wei's "Farewell to Li Zhou in the Night Rain" and "Your wet sail is dragging, and the shadow bird flies slowly". This couplet is natural and calm, and the air flow is far away, but careful taste shows the poet's kung fu of tempering ghost search. Although the scenery is written here, there are characters and feelings in the scene, and "guest" is the poet's self-reference, but the hospitable host is also visible. These two sentences show the seclusion of Luoxing Temple in the landscape. The temple is deep in the mountains, which are surrounded by rain, so the whole temple is covered with a mist. And the sail in the sky is so far away from the temple, so far away, as if it was a lifetime ago, which reflects the distance from Luoxing Temple.
Banquet sleep refers to the toilet where you can rest and sleep peacefully. "Wei" has a saying: "Only the fragrance here is fragrant-the cloud is ours quietly", and the fifth sentence ("entertain literati in my official residence on rainy days") comes from this. The toilet in the Buddhist temple is fragrant and leisurely, which seems to be integrated with this landscape, Buddhist temple and light rain, making people feel isolated. The poet visited the Buddhist paintings on the temple walls, among which the paintings picked up by the monk Long Hanshan were the most wonderful. Although the picture is wonderful, it is not known to the world. This sentence is actually based on the sentence "On the old wall, the priest said that it was all finely painted Buddha statues, and he showed me a lamp, which I called wonderful" in Han Yu's The Rock.
On poetry, Huang Tingjian said that "iron is made into gold" and "the fetus is changed into bone". The so-called "turning stone into gold" is to change what the ancients said, and then turn decay into magic and become their own poems. The so-called "taking a fetus to change bones" is explained in "Cold Zhai Ye Hua": "It is not easy to make words by surprise, which is called the method of changing bones; According to its description, it is called the method of taking a fetus. " Five sentences can be said to be "turning the stone into gold", and six sentences are "taking the fetus for the bone". These two sentences deliberately render the silence of Luoxing Temple, closely following the word "deep knot mansion".
The last two sentences say: the monk's room in the temple has windows open, like a dense beehive, and there are smoke rising everywhere, telling people that they are cooking fragrant teas with a dead vine. Dead vines often appear in ancient poems and paintings, which not only gives people a sad feeling, but also gives people a good association. Not to mention Du Fu's "Lantian Valley is full of vines", or the famous sentence "Dead vines and old trees faint crows" in Yuanqu; Even in Chinese painting, green vine and withered vine are the favorite things in painters' works, and some painters even take the name of green vine (Xu Wei); Even calligraphers pursue dry vine-like brushwork. Ren Hua praised Huai Su's cursive script and said, "What is the most pitiful thing? Withered vines hang in the air. " Zhao Mengfu's "On Books" also said: "Cangteng ancient wood has a thousand years of meaning, and weeds spend a few days in spring." Huang Tingjian himself is good at calligraphy and painting, and naturally understands the aesthetic value of withered vines in art. Therefore, it is natural to use vines to cook tea here. In the poet's view, cool mountain springs and excellent fragrant tea can only be tasted by slow fire. In this sense, the last knot, although the pen is light, has left infinite low return space for readers. It reflects the feeling of seclusion in the temple in a tortuous way.
This poem is very artistic. From the perspective of poetic law, this poem belongs to the paradox law, that is, the flat tones are deliberately changed in the sentence, which causes the tone to bend and makes the poem have a strange, thin and hard style. The reason why Huang Tingjian and Jiangxi poets like to use this style is related to their unconventional and surprising poetic purpose.
Another feature of this poem is that it is written in plain language, without allusions and ornamentation, which is also rare in Huang Tingjian's poems. There was a so-called "white war" in ancient China, just like an unarmed fighter who won by courage and wisdom. Just like an elegant opera, it is not necessary to use noisy scenes and luxurious scenery on the stage, only its wonderful opera and beautiful singing can touch the hearts of the audience; An expert connoisseur can close his eyes and savor its charm carefully. Reading this poem is like listening to an elegant oratorio.