Wang Changling
The bonfire is in the west of the city 100 feet, and it is windy and autumn in Shanghai at dusk.
Even Guan Shanyue, who plays Qiangdi, doesn't have to worry about Mrs. Kim, Wan Li.
This song depicts the deep homesickness and homesickness of border guards.
This poem is concise and clear-cut. The poet skillfully handled the relationship between narration and lyricism. The first three sentences describe the environment, creating an atmosphere by layers of in-depth and repeated rendering, paving the way for the fourth lyric sentence, highlighting the position of lyric sentences and making lyric sentences particularly powerful. "West of the bonfire" suddenly pointed out that it was looking west of the bonfire in Qinghai. Only this 100-foot-high building, this kind of environment can easily cause people's loneliness. Autumn is crisp and the chill invades people. This is the season when wanderers miss their loved ones and wives. It's dusk. "The chicken lives in the nest. One day has passed and the cattle and sheep have come down. The gentleman is in service, why not! " (The Battle of the Gentleman in the Book of Songs, Feng Wang) This time often causes people to miss their relatives who are not in service. At this moment, the recruiter who has been absent for a long time is just sitting alone in the lonely garrison building. The world is long, there are no lovers, and the homesickness rolls with the autumn wind blowing in the direction of Qinghai Lake. What is described above is the environment seen through vision, without sound. Still lack of three-dimensional sense. Then the poet wrote: "Play the Qiangdi Guan Shanyue more." In the lonely environment, there were whistling sounds, just like the call of relatives and the sigh of wanderers. This continuous flute sound, like a fuse, made the homesickness of frontier fortress people uncontrollable, and finally there was a big explosion, which led to the last sentence of the poem. But this scene is full of feelings expressed by the piper, which makes the environment more specific and rich in content. How ingenious and natural it is for the poet to complete the transition from scene to emotion without showing traces!
The poet's brushwork is also euphemistic and tortuous in expressing attractive ideological activities. The environmental atmosphere was created, paving the way for lyricism, and then it came naturally, directly expressing the psychology of the border people-"Wan Li is worried about not having a golden lady." What the author wants to show is the feelings of inviting people to miss their relatives and the countryside, but he doesn't write directly, which is reflected by Wan Li's sorrow for his boudoir wife. The actual situation is the same: the wife's unforgettable thoughts. It is the result of recruiting people who want to go home but can't. This passage completely combines the feeling of inviting people and thinking about women. As far as the whole article is concerned, this sentence makes the finishing point, which immediately makes the whole poem full of charm and more touching power.
Join the army and do the second thing.
Wang Changling
Pipa dances with a new voice, always narrowing the distance between the old and the new.
I can't listen to endless worries, and the high autumn moon shines on the Great Wall.
This poem intercepts a fragment of the frontier fortress military life, and expresses the profound and complicated feelings of the defenders by writing a military banquet.
"Pipa dances to make new sounds". With the change of dance, the pipa plays a new tune, and poetry and painting unfold in a piece of music. Pipa is a musical instrument full of frontier fortress flavor, and the army often has to buy wine and have fun. These instrumental music are exotic and easy to arouse the strong feelings of defenders. Since it is a "new sound", it can always give people some new tastes and interests.
No, it's always old love. The main content of frontier music can be summarized as "old love". Because art reflects real life, who are the defenders who have left their homes or even abandoned young women? "Bieqing" is really the most common and profound emotion and creative material. Therefore, the pipa can be changed to a new tune, but it cannot change the emotional content contained in the lyrics. There is a saying in Interpretation of Yuefu Ancient Poems: "Guan Shanyue" was also hurt. "In the sentence," Guanshan "is a pun on the tune of" Guan Shanyue ",which has a deeper meaning.
The "old" in this sentence corresponds to the "new" in the previous sentence, which has turned into a poetic turning point, producing a sound of resisting falling, promoting and suppressing, especially accompanied by a powerful shift of "total". Since the second sentence emphasizes the "old" of other feelings, is this music too boring? No, "I can't get enough when I'm upset", that tune can always disturb people's hearts. Therefore, the music that can't be played or heard is really frightening, enjoyable and emotional forever. This is another turning point and melody in the poem Is the word "I can't hear enough" resentment? Is it a sigh? Is it awesome? Very meaningful. Naturally, we have to give an endless explanation, but we tend to complain and sigh. However, if you don't listen enough, it will include praise. Therefore, the "worrying about the border" mentioned in this sentence is not only a long-term defense and homesickness, but also has more meanings. At that time, the northern border was not removed, which was still not enough for the troops to rest. Speaking of this, defenders will also feel uneasy. There are many seniors.
The first three sentences of this poem are all lyrical in music. When it comes to "worry", the word "inexhaustible" is used, so how to finish the sentence in seven limited words is the most obvious skill. The poet gently put the pen here and made love to the scenery. It seems that after the scene of buying wine and drinking music in the army, the vast and desolate scene of the Great Wall suddenly appeared for a month: the ancient and majestic Great Wall was undulating and the autumn moon was shining high. Is it infinite homesickness? Is it an ambition to make meritorious deeds or a sorrow for reality? Perhaps, you should also add a deep love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland, and so on.
Readers may feel that the emotional trickle of the first three sentences has developed in twists and turns (new sounds-old feelings-endless listening) and has merged into a deep lake, rippling and swirling. "The autumn moon shines on the Great Wall", where feelings leave the scene and poetry sublimates. It is precisely because of his inexhaustible feelings that poets are "inexhaustible" and "fascinated"
Join the army and do the third thing.
The elm leaves in Guancheng are early yellow, and the ancient battlefield in Shayunli is dusk.
Please go back to the army and hide the dust and bones, and don't teach the soldiers to cry about the dragon shortage.
Join the army and do the fourth thing.
Wang Changling
Qinghai Changyun Dark Snow Mountain,
The lonely city looks at Yumen Pass.
Huang Sha wears golden armor in many battles.
If you don't break Loulan, you won't return it.
Measure:
○ Pingsheng ● Pingsheng ⊙ Pingkecuo △ Yunping ▲ Yun Yun
The clouds in Qinghai are long and the snow-capped mountains are dark, and the lonely city looks at Yumenguan.
○●○○●●○ ○○○●●○△
Yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, but the loulan is not returned.
○○●●○○● ○●○○○●△
Precautions:
1. Qinghai: Lake Qinghai.
2. Wear: Wear.
3. Golden armor: the laudatory name of armor.
Loulan: the name of the western regions in the Han Dynasty, generally referring to the Japanese pirates.
Reference translation:
Clouds over Qinghai darkened the snow-capped mountains and stood in an isolated city overlooking the Yumen Pass in the distance. The Great Wall has worn out its helmet and armor in many battles, and it will never return unless it defeats the enemies of the West.
Appreciation of works:
Qinghai has dark snow-capped mountains and long clouds, and the lonely city looks at Yumenguan. Over Qinghai Lake, there is a long mist; To the north of the lake, there is a faint snow-capped mountain stretching for thousands of miles; Crossing the snow-capped mountains, it is an isolated city, standing in the desert of Hexi Corridor. Further west, it is the Yumen Pass, a military fortress far away from the lonely city. This long scroll, focusing on a vast area of thousands of miles from east to west, was a typical environment for soldiers living and fighting in the northwest frontier at that time. It is a bird's eye view and a summary of the whole northwest frontier.
Why did you specifically mention Qinghai and Guan Yu? This is related to the situation of the war between ethnic groups at that time. The powerful enemies of the west and the north in the Tang Dynasty were Tubo and Turkic. Our envoy's task in Hexi is to cut off the traffic between Tubo and Turkic, and take care of the two powerful enemies in the west and north in one town, mainly to defend Tubo and protect the Hexi Corridor. "Qinghai" area is the place where Tubo and Tang Jun fought many times. Outside Yumenguan, it is the sphere of influence of Turks.
Therefore, these two sentences not only describe the scene of the whole northwest border, but also point out the extremely important geographical situation that the "isolated city" rejects Tubo in the south and defends Turks in the west. These two strong enemies are the pride of the soldiers guarding the "gu city", so it is perfect to see Qinghai and Yutong on the screen. Rather, this is what soldiers see. Rather, this is a picture that emerges in the minds of soldiers. While writing the scenery, these two sentences are permeated with rich and complicated feelings: the soldiers guarding the border are concerned about the border situation, proud of their own tasks, and responsible for their own tasks. The loneliness and hardships of life guarding the border are all integrated in the tragic, open and misty scenery.
The third and fourth sentences have changed from the description of the environment with scenes to direct lyricism. "Yellow sand penetrates the golden armor for hundreds of battles" is a poem with strong generalization. The length of the border defense, the frequency of the war, the hardship of the battle, the toughness of the enemy and the desolation of the border are all summed up in these seven words. "Hundreds of battles" is more abstract, and the word "yellow sand" highlights the characteristics of the northwest battlefield and makes people want to see it. From "winning every battle" to "wearing golden armor", we can imagine the arduousness and fierceness of the battle, and we can also imagine a series of heroic sacrifices in this long time. However, although the golden armor has been worn, the soldiers' ambition to serve the country has not been tempered, but they have become more determined in the tempering of desert sand.
"Never break Loulan, never return it" is the heroic oath of the battle-hardened soldiers. The more the last sentence highlights the hardship of fighting and the frequency of war, the more powerful it becomes. One or two sentences that hit the floor are broad, tragic and rich in meaning; There is an obvious turning point between three or four sentences, and the two sentences are in sharp contrast. Although the phrase "yellow sand" describes the hardships of war, the actual feeling of the whole image is magnificent and powerful, not deep and sad.
Therefore, the last sentence is not a lament of returning home without a day, but a firmer and deeper oath based on a deep understanding of the hardships and long-term war. An important ideological feature of the excellent frontier poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty is that while expressing the lofty sentiments and ambitions of the frontier guards, they do not shy away from the hardships of war. This article is an obvious example. It can be said that this kind of lyricism of three or four sentences is not empty and superficial, and one or two sentences is enough.
Related materials:
Readers of frontier poems in Tang Dynasty are often confused by various place names involved in the poems. They suspect that the author is unfamiliar with geography, so there are some who don't ask for a very good understanding and some who interpret it. This is the case with this poem. The first two sentences mentioned three place names. Snow Mountain is the Qilian Mountain which spans the south of Hexi Corridor. Qinghai and Guan Yu are apart from Wan Li, but they appear on the same picture. So, we have to explain these two sentences.
Some people say that the first sentence is looking forward, and the second sentence is looking back at home. This is very strange. Qinghai and Snow Mountain are in front, and Yumenguan is behind. Then the hometown of the lyric hero should be the Western Regions west of Yumenguan, not the Han soldiers, but Hu Bing. On the other hand, the second sentence is an inverted sentence of "Looking at Yumenguan from a lonely city", and the object of looking forward is "Dark Snow Mountain in Qinghai". There are two kinds of mistakes.
Join the army and do the fifth thing
Wang Changling
The dust in the desert is dim,
The red flag rolled out of Yuanmen.
The former army fought the Taohe River at night,
It is reported that TuGuHun was captured alive.
People who have read The Romance of the Three Kingdoms may be deeply impressed by the fifth book "Guan Yunchang Wines Hua Xiong", which is a wonderful part in shaping Guan Yu's heroic image. However, the book does not describe how Guan Yu, who was alone, confronted Hua Xiong, who led 50,000 troops. Instead, he used a passage like this: (Guan Yu) went out to carry a sword and fly a horse. The vassals heard the drums outside the Commissioner and shouted loudly, just like heaven and earth.
This literary work is very concise in pen and ink. Judging from the atmosphere at that time and the reaction of the governors, Guan Yu's great power was written. On its objective artistic effect, it is more fascinating than writing dozens of rounds of sword fights. Of course, Luo Guanzhong's passage has his own uniqueness, but if he avoids the positive description and reminds people of the war scene through the atmosphere rendering and the profile description of the characters, it will not be his first, Rainbow Changling's "joining the army."
Because Altai Mountain, Tianshan Mountain and Kunlun Mountain in northwest China all run from west to east or southeast, a big horn is formed in Hexi Corridor and eastern Qinghai, with strong wind. The wind blows wildly, flying sand and stones. Therefore, "the sun is faint" is followed by "desert dust", not that it is getting late, but that the wind and sand cover the sky. But it doesn't just show the climate. It's not that Yuanmen are closed and passively defended, but that they take the initiative to go out. In order to reduce the strong resistance of the wind and speed up the March, the soldiers rolled up the red flag and marched forward. In Dust in the Desert, these two sentences have rendered a powerful force under the guidance of a red flag. It seems that this army is not bluffing in essence, but the wind is like a sword, pointing directly at the enemy camp. This makes the reader's heartstrings tense and makes people feel a fierce battle. Under this suspense, read the last two sentences again: "The former army fought the Taohe River at night, but they were captured alive." This can be said to have fallen together. The reader's suspense is that the army just followed, but it was not their turn to show their talents on the battlefield. Just in the middle, the good news came that the vanguard troops won a great victory in the night battle and even the enemy chief was captured alive. The plot develops rapidly. Because the momentum of the army in the first two sentences has fully hinted at Tang Jun's morale and strength. This powerful and wild reinforcements not only set off the striker's victory unexpectedly, but also saw that Tang Jun had more than enough troops and was sure to win.
From the description, the poet chose the follow-up troops that did not directly fight with the enemy, but only brought out the brilliant "night battle of the former army" from the side. This is an idea that breaks the rules. If we change the narrative of the midnight oil from the front, it will inevitably appear dull and cannot be completed with short quatrains. Now avoid describing the war process positively and set it off from the side. It turns the shortcomings of quatrains into advantages. It allows readers to imagine how hard and excellent the striker's battle is from "Dusty in the Desert" and "Night Battle on the Taohe River in Hebei Province". We can appreciate how dramatic this expedition is from "Your Majesty was captured alive, and all the food was mud". The fierce battle is not written at the top of our lungs, but a light pen. Through side contrast and dyeing, readers can appreciate it.
Join the army and do the sixth thing
Hu bottle drops purple sweat, and the autumn moon in the west of the city breaks.
Ming Xing Chi sealed the sword and said that he would take Loulan overnight.
Join the army and do the seventh thing.
Yumen Mountain is heavy, and the north and south of the mountain are always towering.
People should look at the fire from a distance, but horses can't see it when they step on the mountain.
Source:
Joining the army is selected from all Tang poems.
Writing background:
During the period when Tang Gaozong transferred Lu to Yonglong (679-68 1), Tubo and Turks invaded Gansu many times, and Pei Xingjian, the minister of the Tang Dynasty, was ordered to rise up and crusade. Wang Changling's poem "Joining the Army" describes the frontier soldiers in it. Poems were written in old Yuefu poems, and seven of them were written in * * *. The whole poem was written by literati who joined the army and fought.
Introduction to Yuefu:
Yuefu began in Qin Dynasty and ended in Han Dynasty. According to Records of Rites and Music in the History of Han Dynasty, when Emperor Wudi was in power, there was an organization that collected local ballads, arranged and made music scores, called Yuefu. Later, people called the poems collected and produced by this institution Yuefu Poetry, or Yuefu Poetry for short. By the Tang Dynasty, although the music scores of these poems had long been lost, this form was still inherited.
Poets in Tang Dynasty wrote Yuefu poems, some followed the old Yuefu poems to express their feelings about current events, such as Song of the Sage and Guan Shanyue, and some wrote new poems reflecting real life in the name of current events, such as A Car Shop and Mourning for the Head of a General by Du Fu.
Style names of Yuefu poems
Yuefu was originally the official office in charge of music in ancient times, which was in charge of the music used in banquets and parades, and was also responsible for the collection of folk poems and music. As the name of poetic style, "Yuefu" first refers to the latter, and later it is also used to refer to poems that can be accompanied by music in Wei, Jin and Tang Dynasties and works with ancient Yuefu titles imitated by later generations.
Join the army (Yang Jiong)
The bonfire shines in Xijing, and my heart is uneven.
Tooth Zhang resigned from Phoenix Que and rode around Longcheng.
The snow is dark with colorful flags, and the wind is noisy with drums.
Being a centurion is better than being a scholar.
To annotate ...
1. Join the army: write more about military life as an old topic of "harmony and harmony" in Yuefu.
Xijing: Chang 'an.
3. Tooth Zhang: The military symbol used to send troops in ancient times is divided into two sections, the joint is tooth-shaped, and the court and the commander-in-chief hold half.
4. Phoenix Que: Imperial Palace. There was a golden phoenix on the round que of Zhang Jian Palace in Han Dynasty, so it generally referred to the palace.
5. Longcheng: the place where the Huns gathered to worship the heavens in the Han Dynasty, which refers to the place where the Huns gathered.
6. Fading: dim and fuzzy.
Centurion: The leader of a hundred soldiers, usually a junior officer.
translate
The beacon of alarm lit up Xijing,
Strong people can't be calm inside.
Fu Linggang, who transferred soldiers, just left the palace gate.
The general's knight went straight to Longcheng.
Snow stirred the sky and the flag faded.
The wind rattled wildly around the drums.
I envy the centurion's charge,
Who can learn by keeping pen and ink inkstone?
Appreciate:
Yang Jiong, one of the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, is good at five laws, and his frontier poems are vigorous and powerful, such as Ying Chuan Ji. Tang Ruxun said, "Today, Yingchuan joined the army because of his lack of talent. Those who feel wronged stay away from the military officials of the imperial court, which makes the poor deeper. Although it was a storm, it was blocked by a hair, making a hundred people worse than us. "
This poem borrows the title "Joining the Army" from the old Yuefu and describes the whole process of a scholar joining the army and fighting. There are only 40 words, which reveal the psychological activities of the characters and render the environmental atmosphere. The brushwork is extremely vigorous.
Writing and reporting the first two sentences aroused the patriotic enthusiasm of people with lofty ideals. The poet did not directly explain the military emergency, but said that "the bonfire shines on Xijing" and expressed the military emergency through the visual landscape of "bonfire". A word "photo" plays up the tension. "The injustice in my heart" is caused by the bonfire, and everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the country. He doesn't want to waste his youth. Write the spiritual realm of the characters. The first two sentences explain the background of the whole event. The third sentence, "Ya Zhang Cifeng Que", describes the scene of the army leaving Beijing. The "tooth palm" is the symbol of the emperor's transfer of troops, which is divided into two parts: concave and convex, which are in the hands of the emperor and the general respectively. "Phoenix Que" is the representative of the court. Here, the poet also shows the solemn and serious beginning scene with "tooth Zhang" and "phoenix que" In the fourth sentence, it is obvious that Tang Jun has quickly reached the front line and surrounded the enemy castle. The contrast between The Fighter and Dragon City plays up the atmosphere of war in enter the dragon. The word "wai" vividly describes Tang Jun's military posture of encircling the enemy. The poet began to write about this battle in May and June, but he did not write about the front line. The last sentence begins with people's hearing: the whistling wind is intertwined with the majestic marching drums. These two poems are vivid and wonderful. The poet symbolizes the "flag" and "drum" of the army with a unique expression, which shows the brave and fearless spirit of the soldiers fighting the enemy in the snow and the tragic scene of bravely killing the enemy inspired by the drum. The last two sentences of the poem: "Better to be a centurion than a scholar." Directly expressed the great ambition of this scholar who joined the army to defend his country. The hard and fierce fighting increased his love for this extraordinary life. He would rather be a junior officer galloping on the battlefield and fighting to defend the frontier than a scholar.
This short poem describes the whole process of the scholar joining the army and going out in a fortress. Being able to concentrate such rich content in a limited space shows the poet's artistic skill. First, the poet grasps the most representative fragments in the whole process and makes an image summary description. As for how the scholar joined the army, how to bid farewell to his parents, wives and concubines, and how to March all the way, ... Secondly, the poet omitted what to write, and the poem took the form of jumping. Jump from one typical scene to another and develop by leaps and bounds. For example, as soon as the third sentence was written, the fourth sentence surrounded the enemy, and then there was a scene of fierce fighting. However, this kind of leap is very natural, and there is a rich imagination space between each span. At the same time, this leap-forward structure gives poetry a lively rhythm, such as a torrent on a cliff, giving people a sense of straightness.
The four outstanding poets in the early Tang Dynasty were very dissatisfied with the exquisite poetic style at that time. They have made fruitful explorations and innovations in the content and form of poetry. Yang Jiong's poetic style is vigorous and passionate. In particular, such a poem describing the battle of the golden drum is written in the form of regular poems with strict rules and regulations, which is not simple. Generally speaking, metrical poems only require two couplets in the middle. Except for the first couplet, all the other triples of this poem are correct. Such as "tooth Zhang" against "phoenix que" and "iron riding" against "dragon city" The neat antithesis makes poetry more rhythmic and imposing, which is very valuable in the early Tang Dynasty.
Join the army (Chen Yu)
The seashore wind blows frozen mud and cracks, and the dead tung leaves fall and the tips are broken.
No one heard the flute, and the red flag went straight to the Tianshan snow.
Note ① Sea: the great lake near Tianshan Mountain at that time; ② Hengdi: Di Zi; ③ Tianshan Mountain: the name of the mountain, in the present Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; 4 new sound: new music; ⑤ Guanshan: Shankou. Refers to the hometown separated by mountains and rivers.
Make an appreciative comment
This is a rhyming quatrain about marching in the snow. The whole poem is magnificent. The first sentence and the second sentence are all about the harsh environment faced by soldiers: the cold wind at the foot of Tianshan Mountain, the frozen mud on the lake ("seaside") cracked one after another, the leaves on the buttonwood tree were scraped off, and the branches were broken by the strong wind. In this harsh background, the snow-capped mountains are reflected and people are buzzing. Looking for prestige, I saw a red flag moving to the top of the mountain against the white snow in Tianshan Mountain. The red flag is not chaotic in the snow, which fully shows the spirit of the soldiers who joined the army. The dynamic description of "going straight" makes the picture more vivid, and the high fighting spirit and indomitable spirit overflow in this word.
This poem is good at setting off and skillfully using references in art, describing the environment in one sentence or two, trying to highlight the harsh natural environment and setting off the fearless spirit of military officers and men with a strong atmosphere. Imagine how you can see high morale and strength if you March under the condition of beautiful weather and beautiful scenery. In order to meet the needs of atmosphere description, the rhyme is entered into the rhyme foot, and the last word of the first, second and fourth sentences is entered into the rhyme. "Crack", "Fold" and "Snow" are all rhyming words with broken tone, and the rhyme ending is the tip of the tongue, which is short and suitable for expressing sadness or strong poetry.
The description of the atmosphere and the choice of entering rhyme in the first two sentences laid a good foundation for expressing magnificent poetry. However, after all, contrast is a companion, and the key to success or failure of description lies in three or four sentences as the main body. The last two sentences are intended to write about people, but they are not written directly, not to mention telling the whole story. Instead, they only wrote two things related to people-"The Flute" and "Red Flag", without talking about people. It gives readers a broad imagination. There are countless items in the army, and only flutes and flags are written, not only because only flutes and red flags can be found in the distance, but also because only these two things can show the spirit of marching soldiers. In writing, writing "flute" first, and then writing "red flag straight up" conforms to the general habit that people often pay attention to distant things, especially cleverly "sound first, then shape".
Joining the army is both poetic and picturesque, and it has the vastness of mountains. Rows of red flags, white snow, red flags, and static mountains move flags present a magnificent snow March map.
The main purpose of its expression is:
The theme of Wang Changling's poems (No.4) has always been "lofty sentiments" and "resentment". Firstly, this paper analyzes this poem from the aspects of words and sentences, points out the defects and inaccuracies of "lofty sentiments" and establishes the rationality of "resentment" Then further explore the "theme outside the text" of this poem, and demonstrate the theory of "resentment" from the aspects of improper employment of people by the court and no policy to strengthen the border. Finally, the main idea of this poem is summarized, and the emotional tone of this poem is consistent with the main emotion of Wang's poem.
Please accept it if you are satisfied!