Qinyuanchun is the era of Dade and Chen Jia, and Zhang Junxiu is the spring of stone.
[Author] Liu Minzhong [Dynasty] Yuan
..... there is no danger of movement and destruction, completely natural, far from independence.
The broken monument sighs
[Author] Lu You [Dynasty] Song
. The moss is stripped off, the heart is broken, and the world has changed several times. The world is a monument to the monarch, and the Millennium Garden will be stalagmite.
Live in seclusion
[Author] Lu You [Dynasty] Song
Tourists have no slaves, they peel themselves and peck themselves; The host is also naked, and tea can't be served.
The explanation of these two words together can't be found in Baidu Chinese and Han Dian. )
2. What does "Tuo" mean in classical Chinese? 1, fall off; untie
"Strange Tales of Left Zhong Yi": "All the bones and muscles below the left knee are off."
The left knee went down, and all the bones and muscles fell off.
2, take off; Untie it.
Peacock flies southeast: "Take off your silk shoes and lift yourself to the pool."
She rolled up her skirt, took off her silk shoes and jumped into the clear water pool.
3. liberation; Exempt.
Selling Weaving: "You can't get rid of a hundred business plans."
I can't get rid of it with all my strength.
4. escape; Run away
Hongmen Banquet: "It's time to go, go alone."
I escaped alone and went back to the barracks.
5. It has been issued; Come out.
Self-recommendation: "Let fleas get into the bag, but they will come out."
If I had been in the bag, I would have stood out like a sharp awn on the ear of wheat.
6. fall; Fall down.
Ode to Autumn Sound: "The grass turns white when brushed, and the wood falls off when touched."
Brush the grass, the grass will change color; Skim through the forest and the leaves will fall.
Extended data:
Glyph evolution:
Explain these words:
Classical Chinese version of Shuo Wen Jie Zi: De-fleshing and De-fleshing. From meat to sound.
Vernacular version of Shuo Wen Jie Zi: Take off, eliminate its flesh, and be thin. The glyph takes "Moon" as the side and "Dui" as the sound side.
Related vocabulary explanation:
1, transcendental [ch ā o tu not]
Don't stick to customs, traditions, forms, etc. : Personality is detached.
2, free and easy 【 s m: tu not 】
Natural (in speech, manners, style); Feel at home.
Step 3 escape [you don't want to]
Escape from (a dangerous place); Escape: escape from the tiger's jaws.
4, escape 【 tu not ji ā ng 】
[Horse] is out of control.
5. Out of stock [tu bu xi ā o]
(A commodity) is sold out and cannot be supplied for the time being.
3. Familiar with the classical Chinese translation and character annotation of Niu (1), Touch by Hand (2), Shoulder, Foot Walking (3), Knee Standing (5) and Tu (6).
The dance combined with Sanglin (8) is the meeting of Jing Shou (9). Wen said, "Hey (10), OK! Is the technical cover (1 1) so far? " My master released his knife and said to him, "I am good at it (12), and I am good at it (13).
When the first minister solved the cow, he saw nothing but the cow. I haven't seen all the cows for three years.
At this moment, I met God (14) instead of looking at him, and I was in Zhi Zhi's heart (15). According to Heaven (16), we approved Daying (17) to guide Dayong (18). Because of its nature (19), its skills have never been tested (20), but the situation is excellent. When he was young, he changed knives (22). Clan (23) changed sword fold (24).
Today, I killed thousands of cows with my sword for nineteen years, but if the blade is new (25), it will be difficult. The other section has a notch (26), but the blade is not thick; Without thickness, there is room for recovery. (27) There must be room in the blade, so it is 19 years, and the blade is new.
Although, as for the race (28), I think it is very difficult, and it is too late to learn from it. With a small knife, cycle (30) has been solved (26), such as Earth (3 1).
Stand with a knife, look around for it, be full of ambition (32), be good at it (33), and hide it. Wen said: "Well, I listened to my words and got health (34). "
Note (1) Dong (páo) Ding: Dong: Chef. D: a position.
Ancient books in the pre-Qin period often put occupation before name. Text: Liang, also known as.
Solution for cattle: Slaughter cattle, which means peeling and splitting the whole body of cattle. (2) touch: contact (3) step: step (5) step (yǐ): support, contact.
It means that when you kill a cow, lift one leg and put your knee against the cow. (6) Yi (xū) Ran: Read huā Ran, an onomatopoeic word to describe the sound of separation of skin and bone.
Xiang Ran: There is a cloud in the classic interpretation, or there is no word "ran". There is no word "Ran" in this book, yes.
Come on, through the ring. (7) Hu Ran: an onomatopoeic word, which describes that the sound of approaching a knife to solve a cow is louder than that of Hu Ran.
(8) "Sanglin": the legendary musical title of King Shang Tang. (9) The First Classic: a chapter in the legendary Yao song "Fairy Pool".
Will: Syllables. The above two sentences are intertextual, that is, "it is a meeting suitable for mulberry trees, the first classic dance."
(10) Xi: interjection (or: through "ah?" )。 (1 1) Gai: Just like "what", it is "what".
(12) Tao: Heaven is the law of nature. (13) propulsion: exceeding.
(14) meet: meet, touch (15) official knowledge: this refers to vision. Desire: refers to mental activity.
(16) Tian Li: refers to the natural texture of cattle. (17) batch: crack down on splitting.
I: gap。 (18) Introduction: follow, follow, which means lead-in.
(ku ǐ n): empty. (19) reason: according to.
Of course: refers to the original structure of the cow body. (20) technical classics: or meridians.
Technology, according to the textual research of Yu Yue in Qing Dynasty, is a mistake of the word "branch" and refers to a branch. Meridian
Ken: Meat sticks to bones. Qi (q √ ng): the place where muscles and muscles gather.
The prepositional object is "unskilled and willing to work" and has never been tasted. (2 1) (gū): the big bone of the thigh.
(22) Cutting: This refers to the original cutting and hard cutting. (23) race: numerous, generally referring to general.
(24) Breaking: Breaking refers to breaking a bone with a knife. (25) hair: out.
Xing: whetstone. Section 26: Union.
Gap: gap. (27) restored: generous appearance.
(28) home: refers to the intersection of (bones and muscles). (29) (chù) Ran: The appearance of fear, here refers to the appearance of caution (30) (huò): The sound of separation of flesh and blood (3 1) Wei Wei: Unloading, falling.
Scattered on the ground (32) complacent: carefree and satisfied. (33) Good Road: Good "repair" and repair, here refers to rubbing.
Wiper. (34) Health care: refers to the way of health care.
There is a chef named Ding who specializes in slaughtering cattle for Liang. Where the hand touches, the shoulder rests, the foot steps, the knee rests, the skin and bone separate, and when entering the knife, it makes a sound (pronounced' Huo'). All these sounds are not out of tune. It is consistent with the dance music of Sang Lin and the music rhythm of Jingshou (Yao Shi).
Liang said, "Hey! All right! How can your technology be so clever? " The chef put down the knife and replied, "I like the laws of nature, which has surpassed the pursuit of cattle slaughtering technology." When I first started to slaughter cattle (I don't know the structure of cattle), there was nothing that was not all cattle (most people saw it).
After three years, I will never see the whole cow again. Now, when the liegeman slaughters the cow, he only touches the cow with his spirit, without looking at it with his eyes, just as his vision has stopped and his spirit is moving.
Along the grain structure of cattle, splitting the big gap between bones and muscles, and making knives along the holes between joints are all along the original structure of cattle. The knife for slaughtering cattle has never touched the place where the meridians are connected, nor has it touched the place where the muscles attached to the bones gather, let alone the big bones in the thighs. Skilled chefs change a knife every year because they use it to cut meat.
Ordinary chefs change a knife once a month because it is used to cut bones. Now the servant's knife has been used for 19 years, killing thousands of cows, but the blade looks like it has just been ground from the grindstone.
There are cracks in the joints of cattle, but the blade is not thick. If such a thin blade is used to pierce a joint with a gap, there must be enough space to operate the blade. Therefore, after using 19 years, the blade still looks like it has just been ground from the grindstone. Even so, whenever I meet a place where bones and muscles are intertwined, I will be very alert and cautious when I see that it is difficult to get a knife, my eyes are focused and my movements are slow.
The knife moved gently, and the flesh and blood separated with a crash, like a pile of mud scattered on the ground. I stood there with my knife in my hand, looking around proudly for this success, carefree and satisfied for this success.
Wipe the knife clean and put it away. "The beam said," good! I listened to your words and learned the way of keeping in good health. "
[ 1]。
4. Examine classical Chinese translation 1, translation
Jia Dao took the imperial examination for the first time in Beijing. (Jia Dao improvised a poem. One day, he remembered this poem on the donkey's back: "Birds live in trees by the pool, and monks knock at the door on the moon." At first I wanted to use the word "push" and "knock". After thinking it over and over again, I didn't decide, so I chanted on the donkey's back and reached out to push and knock.
Everyone who saw it was surprised. At that time, Han Yu temporarily acted as the local governor of Beijing, and he was patrolling with horses and chariots. Jia Dao unconsciously went straight to the third quarter (of Han Yu's honor guard) and kept gesturing. So he was soon pushed to Zhao Yin (Han Yu) by the attendants around him.
Jia Dao gave a detailed answer to this poem he was brewing. Whether to use "push" or "knock" is uncertain. His mind left the immediate thing, and he didn't know how to avoid it. Han Yu stopped to think for a while and said to Jia Dao, "It's good to use the word' knock'." So they rode back home side by side on donkeys and horses, talked about the methods of writing poems together, and were reluctant to part with each other and swam for several days. (Han Yu) So, Jia Dao and I became contacts between ordinary people.
2. Original text
Jia Daochu went to Juzhou, in the capital. One day, there was a saying on the donkey: "The bird stayed in the tree by the pool, and the monk knocked on the moon." At first, I thought about "pushing" and "knocking", but I couldn't make up my mind. Singing on the donkey, holding hands and deliberately making a gesture, the viewer is surprised.
When the right to retreat from North Korea was Jing Zhao Yi, the car rode out, the island didn't feel it, and went to the third quarter. Russia went around Yin. There are a pair of poems on the island. After a while, Han immediately said to the island, "Just do the word' knock' well." So they went back together and talked about poetry, leaving trouble because the same island is a close friend.
Extended data:
First of all, the understanding of the word "review"
Although "pushing" seems a bit reckless, it means that the solitary monk has gone a long way and returned to the temple. The door was hidden by himself, but now he "pushes". He wants to hide himself and others, which shows that he is the only monk in the temple. In this cold and lonely occasion, he has the interest to go out for a walk, go back to the page, go alone, feel at ease, he has his own mind and tolerance.
The word "knock" is more formal, indicating that someone answers the door in the temple. He seems to be visiting friends on a moonlit night, unwilling to be lonely. If it is not a lively occasion, there is at least some warm feeling in the temple.
Comparatively speaking, "knocking" air is not as cold as "pushing" air. As far as the previous sentence "birds stay in trees by the pool" is concerned, "pushing" is more harmonious than "knocking". "Push" can be silent, and "knock" is bound to have a pecking sound, which will wake the birds and break the silence, which seems to add more trouble. So I doubt whether Han Yu's revision is really as appropriate as it has been praised in ancient and modern times.
Song Chuanwei, a famous scholar, published the article "Reconsideration on Deliberation" at Peking University Chinese Forum, which reconsidered the deliberation from more angles and also supported Mr. Zhu Guangqian's point of view.
Second, relevant figures.
Jia Dao was a poet in the Tang Dynasty in 768. The word langxian. John young (now near Beijing) was born. He became a monk in his early years and had no name. In the winter of the fifth year of Yuanhe (8 10), I went to Chang 'an to see Zhang Ji. The following spring, I went to Luoyang and visited Han Yu for the first time, and I deeply appreciated my poems. After secularization, scholars were introduced repeatedly. When he was literate, he was demoted to the main book of the Yangtze River (now Pengxi, Sichuan) because of slander.
He once wrote the poem Sick Cicada (Chronology of Tang Poetry). Five years later (840), he went to Zhou Pu to join the army. Wu Zonghui Chang died in Zhou Pu in the third year (843). Jia Dao's poetry formed a school in the late Tang Dynasty, which had great influence. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Wei's "Poet's Picture of Subject and Object" was listed as one of the seven people who entered the church as "pure and elegant".
In Qing Dynasty, Huaiming Li called him a "lonely man" in the Poet's Subject and Object Map of the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty, and listed many disciples as "entering the room" and "visiting the door". In the late Tang Dynasty, Dong Li, Sun Sheng and others in the Five Dynasties admired Jia Dao very much, and even regarded his portraits and poems as gods (Biography of Talented Persons in Tang Dynasty and Reading Records in County Zhai).
Sogou encyclopedia-review
5. Jiang Gongfu translated classical Chinese into Taiyuan Bai Juyi.
Juyi ci is rich and colorful, especially good at poetry and prose. From Kanyu to Xieji Hall, hundreds of songs and poems were written to satirize diseases and make up for political deficiencies.
There are many scholars and gentlemen, but they are often forbidden. Emperor Zhangwu, eager for advice. In November of two years, he was called into Hanlin as a bachelor.
In May of three years, I left to pick up Zuo. Juyi is the master of every good article, so he should use his life to store it and reward him for making it.
Juyi and Yuan Zhen of Henan are good friends. They were promoted in the same year and have a deep friendship. Cao Yu, a scholar in Jiangling Prefecture, was appointed as the imperial censor. Li Jiang and Cui Qun, a bachelor of Hanlin, went to the front to argue that they were innocent, so they were easy to get tired and sparse.
In addition, Ziqing also appointed Li Shidao to the Silk City to redeem the house for the descendants of Wei Zhi. Juyi remonstrated: Zheng is the first prime minister of your majesty, and Taizong tried to use the temple materials as his main room, which is especially different from other first houses.
It is not appropriate for children and grandchildren to have little money, which can be redeemed by officials, which makes the teacher's way beautiful. Xianzong is extensive and profound.
On the other hand, he wanted to add peace to the king of Hedong, so he bowed to the masses and said: The Prime Minister is your majesty's assistant minister, and you can't take this position without virtue. Punish evil and promote good, deprive the people of their wealth, and benefit the city. People from all directions should not say that your majesty has received Wang E's tribute, and being with the Prime Minister is not good for the holy dynasty.
It's a stop. Wang Chengzong refused to give orders, and ordered his lieutenant to spit out Cheng Cui as a way to recruit talents. The admonisher was seventeen or eighteen years old.
On the surface of the house, the words are to the point. Then please stop calling in Hebei. Those who can't say a thousand words will listen more.
I was very unhappy when I remonstrated with Cheng Cuijin, saying that Li Jiang said, "This boy Bai Juyi praised me to the sky and was rude to me. I really can't stand it. " Jiang Yan said to him: gather righteousness and don't avoid the crime of death. Anyone who has something to say must be detailed, pull out his ears with extraordinary strength, and don't speak lightly.
Your majesty wants to open the way to remonstrate, so it's not appropriate to keep silent. Shang Yue: What you said is true.
So, watch and listen. In five years, when he changed his official position, he was called Cui Qun. He said: the official of Juyi is humble, confined to the capital, and cannot be superior. His officials can play as they wish.
Ju Yi said: I heard that Jiang Gongfu is the internal affairs office, and I want to go to the Beijing yamen to judge the case and serve my relatives. I have an old mother, and my family is poor and thin. Begging is like a public auxiliary case.
Therefore, Cao joined the army in addition to Jingzhao House. In April of six years, Mrs. Chen, the mother of Ding, retired to Xiayi.
In the winter of nine years, he entered the DPRK and awarded Prince Zuo Zanshan as a doctor. In July of ten years, Prime Minister Wu was robbed and died. He was the first person to ask for an explanation. He eagerly demanded that the thief avenge the shame of his country.
The prime minister regards the official position as a non-admonition, and cannot admonish the official first. There will always be evil people, living in a comfortable place, for nothing. Their mother died because she fell into a well looking at flowers, but she lived in a comfortable place and wrote poems such as "Flower Appreciation" and "New Well", which damaged her reputation and made her travel.
The ruling party hated what he said and denounced him as secretary of the river. When the imperial edict was issued, Guo Shi Wang Ya made a brief comment, thinking that the mistakes made by Juyi were not suitable for governing counties and counties, and the imperial edict named him Jiangzhou Sima.
1. The incorrect explanation of the following sentence is: () (3 points) A. There are many gentlemen: appreciation B. Taking the city as a pet: buying C. Anything that thousands of people say: Anything D. Knowing evil and doing good and settling down: always. 2. In the following groups of sentences, Bai Juyi is good at appreciating and making things, and is honest and good at remonstrating. Although the teacher's way is beautiful, it is not suitable for the prime minister, and it is not helpful for the holy court to invite Hebei to fight. A.123b.145c.234d.3453. The following analysis and summary of the relevant contents of the original text are incorrect: () (3 points) A. Bai Ju. From learning to write to working in the capital, I have written hundreds of poems, all of which contain satire and exhortation, criticizing the shortcomings of the times, making up for the gaps in government affairs, and often spread to the palace.
B Li Shidao, the emissary of Ziqing in our time, provided silk for Wei Zhi's descendants to buy a house, and Bai Juyi played the emperor. I hope the public can buy houses for the descendants of Wei Zhi, and don't let Li Shidao get a good reputation. Tang Xianzong appreciates his point of view.
C. When Bai Juyi remonstrated with him about his sudden success, his words were too sharp, which made the emperor very unhappy. The emperor thought Bai Juyi was rude to him and unbearable.
Li Jiang persuaded the emperor that Bai Juyi must talk about everything, not frivolous, but to repay his majesty. If the emperor wants to talk openly, he should not stop Bai Juyi from talking. D. The thief killed Prime Minister Wu, and Bai Juyi took the lead in seeking his revenge.
I met a man who was jealous of Bai Juyi, so I found fault with him and called him flashy and immoral. The ruling prime minister was disgusted with his talkativeness and asked the emperor to reduce him to the secretariat of the river.
When the imperial edict came out, Wang Ya, the official in charge of Chinese calligraphy, pleaded for Bai Juyi, so when the imperial edict came out, he was named Jiangzhou Sima. 4. Translate underlined sentences in classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese.
(6 points) (1) Juyi is a master of good writing and wants to use his life to store and repay. (3 points) (2) Shangyu: Qing Yan is also right.
So, watch and listen. (3 points) Refer to the answer 1.C2.C3.D4.( 1) Bai Juyi thinks that he has met the owner who likes to take sandwiches, and is determined to repay his kindness with the accumulated knowledge in his life.
(2) The emperor said: Qing was right. Since then (Bai Juyi's opinion) has been adopted.
Test analysis: 1. Where a thousand words mean (typing a text), there are always a hundred words. Fan: All the time.
So choose c, this question is not difficult.
No official has advised Bai Juyi of the characteristics of the articles he wrote when he was young. ⑤ This is the content of Wang Ya, a bookkeeper in China. 3. Wang Ya, the bookkeeper in China, did not plead for Bai Juyi, but hit people when they were down.
4. Pay attention to the key points: (1) Use yourself and store; (2) Yes, yes, yes. Test center: understand the meaning of common content words in classical Chinese in the text; Understand the meaning and usage of function words commonly used in classical Chinese; Summarize the main points of content and summarize the central idea; Understand and translate the sentences in the text.
Bai Juyi was born in Taiyuan. Bai Juyi's ci is rich and colorful, especially good at writing poems.
From studying writing to working in the capital, I have written hundreds of poems, all of which are meant to satirize, exhort, criticize the shortcomings of the times and make up for the gaps in government affairs. Appreciated by people with lofty ideals and insight, it often spread to the palace. Emperor Zhangwu, eager to hear honest remarks. In November of the second year of Yuanhe (807), Bai Juyi was called to Chang 'an as a bachelor of Hanlin.
In May of the third year of Yuanhe (808), the official worshipped Zuo. Bai Juyi believes that when he meets a master who likes literati, he will be promoted and determined to do his best to repay him.
Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen, a native of Henan, are friends. In the same year, they should do their best and have a deep friendship with each other. Yuan Zhen was demoted to Jiangling secretariat, subordinate to Cao. Jiang Li and Cui Qun, academicians of Hanlin Academy, thought that Yuan Zhen was innocent before the emperor, and Bai Juyi also thought so many times.
I know the pronunciation of classical Chinese.
The expert who knows cattle is an idiom in China, pronounced as páo dīng Jiniú, which means that after repeated practice, he has mastered the objective laws of things, and is handy in doing things and using them freely.
From Zhuangzi's Master of Health Preservation. Explain that things in the world are complicated. As long as you practice repeatedly and master its objective laws, you can solve it easily, freely and easily. The article narrates and discusses alternately, with distinct levels. When writing about slaughtering cattle, the movements are beautiful and the skills are superb; After success, the ambition, lofty sentiments, lifelike and fascinating. The language is vivid and vivid, and the idioms "I can't see the whole cow", "I'm very comfortable", "I'm eager to get to the point" and "I'm an expert in understanding cows" all come from this article.
Xieniu by a skillful craftsman is the work of Zhuangzi (Zhuang Zhou), a representative of Taoism in the pre-Qin period. This is a fable, originally intended to illustrate the way of keeping in good health. This paper first describes my superb skills in understanding cows, and then expounds his way of understanding cows, thus revealing the truth that people should conform to the laws of nature. The article uses a variety of writing techniques, with rigorous structure and vivid and concise language, which embodies the wanton features of Zhuangzi's Wang Yang.