Farewell to Cambridge Xu zhimo
I left quietly,
When I came softly;
I waved gently,
Say goodbye to the western clouds.
Golden willow by the river,
Is the bride in the sunset,
Shadows in the waves,
Ripple in my heart.
Green grass on the soft mud,
Oily, swaying at the bottom of the water;
In the gentle waves of He Kang River,
I would like to be an aquatic plant.
A pool in the shade of elm trees,
Not a clear spring, but a rainbow in the sky.
Crushed between floating algae,
Precipitate a rainbow-like dream.
Looking for dreams? Lift a long pole,
Back to the greener grass,
Full of stars,
Play a song in the starlight
But I can't play songs,
Quiet is a farewell flute;
Summer insects are also silent for me,
Silence is Cambridge tonight!
I left quietly,
Just as I came quietly;
I waved my sleeve,
Don't take away a cloud.
1 1 6th of the month
English version
Farewell to Cambridge again-Xu Zhimo
I left quietly.
Just as I came here quietly;
I quietly waved goodbye.
To the rosy clouds in the western sky.
Golden willow by the river
Is a young bride in the sunset;
Their reflections in the waves.
Always haunting my heart.
A floating heart growing in the sludge
Swing leisurely underwater;
In the soft waves of Cambridge
I will be a water plant!
The pool in the shade of elm trees
It is not water, but a rainbow in the sky;
Break into pieces in duckweed
Is it the precipitation of rainbow-like dreams?
To dream? Just to prop up the boat and go upstream
Go to a greener place;
Or make the boat full of stars
Sing loudly in the splendor of starlight.
But I can't sing loudly.
Silence is my farewell music;
Even summer insects are silent for me.
Silence is Cambridge tonight!
I left quietly.
Just as I came here quietly;
I gently waved my sleeve.
I won't take away a cloud.
Creation background
This poem was written in 1928, 165438 on June 6, and was first published in New Moon Monthly 1928, 10, and signed by Xu Zhimo. Cambridge, the seat of the famous Cambridge University in Britain. 1June 920 to1October 1922, the poet studied here. The Cambridge period was a turning point in Xu Zhimo's life. The poet wrote in Tiger? The preface was written by director Chen: before the age of 24, his interest in poetry was far less than that in relativity or civil contract theory. It was the He Kang River that opened the poet's soul and awakened his long-dormant fate. So he later said with deep affection, "Cambridge taught me to broaden my horizons. My thirst for knowledge was aroused by Cambridge, and my self-awareness was given to me by Cambridge." (Smoking and Culture)
1928, the poet revisited his old place. 1On October 6th, he wrote this masterpiece on his way home from Nanhai. This poem was first published in1February 1928, Volume 10,No. 10, and was later included in Tiger Collection. It can be said that "Cambridge complex" runs through Xu Zhimo's poems all his life. Farewell to Cambridge is undoubtedly the most famous one.
Poetry appreciation
First of all:
Farewell to Cambridge is a beautiful lyric poem, just like an elegant and beautiful light music. 1In the autumn of 928, the author visited England again, revisiting his old place, which was full of poetry, and turned his life experience into a series of emotions, blending into the beautiful scenery of Cambridge and galloping in the poet's imagination.
The whole poem begins with "tenderness", "walking", "waving" and "parting from the clouds", and then uses the alternating method of reality and reality to describe a series of flowing pictures, which constitutes a wonderful artistic conception and shows in detail the poet's love for Cambridge, longing for his past life and helpless sadness at present.
This poem shows the poet's superb artistic skills. The poet combines specific scenery with imagination to form a vivid artistic image of poetry, and skillfully blends atmosphere, feelings and scenes into the artistic conception to achieve the feelings and scenes in the scene. The structure of the poem is rigorous and neat. The whole poem consists of 7 sections, each with 4 lines, forming two parallel steps; 1 and 3 lines are slightly shorter, and 2 and 4 lines are slightly longer, ranging from 6 to 8 words per line. It seems that the poet intends to combine the forms of metrical poetry and free verse, making it a new form of poetry, full of nationalization and modern architectural beauty. The language of the poem is fresh and beautiful, the rhythm is gentle and euphemistic, harmonious and natural. With the ups and downs of emotions, it is like a melodious board, light and tactfully, touching the readers' heartstrings.
In the 1920s, the poet Wen Yiduo advocated the beauty of music, painting and architecture in modern poetry. Farewell to Cambridge can be said to have three beauties, and it is the swan song in Xu Zhimo's poems.
Second:
Section 1 of Farewell to Cambridge is about thousands of parting worries of long-lost students when they leave their alma mater. The use of the three words "tenderness" makes us feel that the poet seems to stand on tiptoe, like a breeze, quietly swinging away; And the deepest affection, in the tide, has become a "floating cloud in the west." Verses 2 to 6 describe the poet rowing on the He Kang River in search of his dream. The golden willows covered with sunset glow, the green grass on the soft mud and the pool under the shade of the tree all come into view. The two metaphors are quite accurate: the first one boldly imagines the "golden willow by the river" as a "bride in the sunset", which makes the dead scenery become a living thing, warm and pleasant; The second is that the clear pool water is suspected to be a "rainbow in the sky", but it has been crushed by floating algae and turned into a "rainbow-like dream". It is in "Crazy in Love" that poets, such as Zhuang Zhoumeng Butterfly, are interested in things and me, feel that "the beauty in the waves is rippling in their hearts" and are willing to be the water plants swaying in the gentle waves of He Kanghe. This good structure of the unity of subject and object is not only a wonderful hand, but also a painstaking effort; In verses 5 and 6, the poet opens up a new artistic conception. Borrowing the four refrain "Dream/Dream", "A boat full of starlight,/Singing in the starlight", "Singing,/But I can't sing" and "Summer insects are silent for me/silence is the Cambridge tonight", the whole poem is pushed to a climax, just like the He Kang River, full of twists and turns! And his madness of singing in greener grass and bright stars has not been realized. At this time, silence and silence are better than many love words! The last section has three "quietness" corresponding to the first cycle. Come smartly, go smartly. With a wave of his sleeve, what shook off? Needless to say. Why take away a cloud when you've been in Cambridge once? The whole poem is the best description of Xu Zhimo's "poetic life" in one go. Hu Shi once said: "His outlook on life is really a' simple belief', and there are only three big characters in it: one is love, the other is freedom, and the third is beauty. He dreams that these three ideal conditions can be met in his life, which is his' simple belief'. The history of his life is only the history of his pursuit of this simple belief. " (In memory of Xu Zhimo) If so, isn't the poet's wandering by the He Kang River a microcosm of this pursuit? Xu Zhimo advocates artistic poetry. He deeply admired Yiduo's poetic ideas of beauty in music, painting and architecture, especially in music. He even said, "... only when we understand that the life of poetry lies in its internal rhythm can we appreciate the true interest of poetry: no matter how noble your thoughts are and how passionate your emotions are, you must be completely" musicalized "(that is, poetic) to gain an understanding of poetry ..." (Poetry Publishing Holiday).
On the other hand, this poem "Biekangqiao": the whole poem consists of seven sections, four lines each, two meals each, eclectic, rigorous, rhyming strictly, two or four rhymes, cadence and catchy. This beautiful rhythm ripples like ripples, which is not only the voice of pious students seeking dreams, but also conforms to the ebb and flow of poets' emotions and has a unique aesthetic pleasure. The seven verses are strewn at random, and the rhythm spreads slowly in them, which is quite a poet's temperament of "white robe and thin suburban island". It can be said that it embodies Xu Zhimo's poetic beauty thought.
Poetry criticism
Xu Zhimo (1896- 193 1) is a native of Haining, Zhejiang. 1920 Studying in the UK. 1923 joined the crescent society and became the representative poet of the crescent society poetry school. "Chi mo is a butterfly, not a bee. The benefits of a woman are lost, and the disadvantages of a woman make him sacrifice. " -Bing Xin
In the history of modern literature in China, Xu Zhimo left a very deep impression on people. His handsome appearance, elegant charm, warm personality and his romantic poems have infected countless lovers. Unfortunately, he suffered an air crash during his death, as he wrote in the poem Farewell to Cambridge: "I left quietly, just as I came quietly, I waved my sleeves and didn't take away a cloud." At the age of 34, he left ...
Xu Zhimo is an idealist and a romantic. Hu Shi once said: "His outlook on life is really a simple belief. There are only three big characters in it: one is love, the other is freedom and the other is beauty. He dreams that these three ideal conditions can be met in his life. This is his simple belief. " Perhaps it is because of this pure belief that Xu Zhimo's love life is frustrated. When studying in England, he pursued Lin hard, but Lin didn't know him clearly. After returning to China, Lu Xiaoman, a married woman, was reviled by Liang Qichao. However, this kind of emotional frustration created Xu Zhimo's literary glory. I think the most fundamental reason lies in his lyric poems: they are "poems from the warmth of the heart". I feel sorry for Xu Zhimo's naivety. He is addicted to fantasy and treats love unrealistically. Sometimes he even goes astray and hits a wall. But there is no doubt that I have deep respect for his passionate, brave and persistent pursuit of something beautiful in his mind. It's just that literary aesthetics is often beyond reality, and Xu Zhimo is too radical for this detachment.
1In the autumn of 920, Xu Zhimo arrived in England. I went there to learn from Russell of Cambridge University. But I didn't know Russell was no longer in England until I arrived in England, but went to China to give lectures. Moreover, Russell opposed World War I and was expelled from Cambridge University. Later, Xu Zhimo was introduced by Dickinson, a British writer, before he was able to study at Cambridge University. During this period, Xu Zhimo met the Justice of Beiyang Government and his daughter Lin, and began to pursue this beautiful young talented woman. Therefore, Xu Zhimo dissolved his marriage with his ex-wife Zhang Youyi. Unfortunately, Lin later married Liang Sicheng, the son of Liang Qichao.
Therefore, a poem Farewell to Cambridge fully shows Xu Zhimo's passionate, sincere, gentle, delicate and slightly elegant romantic personality, which left a deep impression on future generations:
I left quietly, just as I came gently; I waved my hand gently and bid farewell to the clouds in the western sky. The golden willow by the river is the bride in the sunset; Beautiful shadows in the waves ripple in my heart. Green grass on the soft mud, oily, swaying at the bottom of the water; In the gentle waves of He Kanghe, I would like to be an aquatic plant! The pool under the shade of elm trees is not a clear spring, but a rainbow in the sky. Crushed in floating seaweed, a rainbow-like dream is precipitated. Looking for dreams? Support a long pole and swim back to a greener place on the grass; Full of starlight, singing in the splendor of starlight. But I can't play the piano, just a farewell flute; Summer insects have been silent for me, silence is Cambridge tonight; I left quietly, just as I came quietly; I waved my sleeve without taking away a cloud.
This is how Xu Zhimo perceives love with mimosa-like touch and baby-like emotion. It is his simple view of love that infuses romance into his poems. Although this romance can't come true, Xu Zhimo's passionate and delicate feelings flow quietly with He Kang in his poems.
As the first artistic feature of Xu Zhimo's poems, it is the painstaking management and some deliberate pursuit of poetic images. He is really good at capturing images in life, discovering poetry in life, and integrating images and poetry in his works, thus forming a higher aesthetic realm. For example, the imagery in the poem, such as Farewell to Cambridge, has clouds, golden willows, erotic shadows, green grass, rainbows, dreams, wormwood, starlight, flutes, summer insects and health. Through emotionalization, the objective images are endowed with emotional color, which makes them from plain to strange, so the whole poem is more elegant and flexible. So Farewell to Cambridge became a famous poem written by Xu Zhimo from the depths of his soul.
Look at the poem "Golden Willow by the River" and "Beautiful Shadow in the Waves", which not only ripples in his mind, but also has a fantastic power, which urges him to fly in the sky and fantasize about "carrying a boat and shining". The formation of a series of images shows that Xu Zhimo accepted the influence of English romantic poetry and absorbed the characteristics of European symbolism and impressionism. In addition, "Farewell to Cambridge" has four lines in each section, strictly observing the rhyme of 24, and each line has two or three meals. The whole poem is even and rhymes sonorous, but in order to express feelings more appropriately, it is not limited to "the uniformity of sentences" "A dream? Holding a long pole is like a ripple on a calm lake, which makes the whole poem full of life. "The rhythm of the whole poem conforms to the ups and downs of the poet's mood. The whole poem is cadence, catchy, and lingering after reading, giving people a unique aesthetic pleasure. This also shows that on the one hand, Xu Zhimo absorbed the charm and temperament of English romantic poets, and at the same time, according to the characteristics of China vernacular, his poems gradually developed into the embryonic form of a new poem.
The artistic achievements of Xu Zhimo's poems are manifested in three aspects: spirit, image and rhythm. It can also be said that his poems have these three characteristics in art, and in fact, these three aspects are inseparable in his poems: spirituality needs to be reflected to a large extent through images, and images need to be completed through important aspects of musical beauty. They * * * isomorphically became the whole of Xu Zhimo's poetic art, which not only made his poems enjoy a high artistic status, but also brought some artistic experiences of universal significance to the development of China's new poetry and made contributions that other poets failed to make.