From "Wang Yue" by Du Fu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty
How is Dai Zongfu? Qilu is still young.
The clock of creation is beautiful, and the yin and yang cut off the dawn.
The clouds grow in the chest, and the returning birds enter the canthus.
You will be at the top of the mountain, and you will have a panoramic view of the mountains.
Appreciation
Du Fu's "Looking at the Mountains" has three poems, which are divided into Dongyue (Taishan), Nanyue (Hengshan) and Xiyue (Huashan). This song is about looking at Dongyue Mount Tai. In the twenty-fourth year of Kaiyuan (736), the 24-year-old poet began to live a wandering life of "Qiu Ma and frivolous". This poem was written when he traveled to Qi and Zhao (today's Henan, Hebei, Shandong and other places in the north). It is the earliest existing poem by Du Fu. The lines are filled with the vigorous vitality of young Du Fu.
There is no word "looking" in the whole poem, but every sentence is written to look towards the mountains. The distance is from far to near, the time is from morning to dusk, and we look at the mountains and think about the future climbing of the mountains.
The first sentence, "How is Mr. Dai Zong?" describes the feeling of imitation, wonder and admiration that I was so happy when I first saw Mount Tai. I don't know how to describe it. It is very expressive. Dai is the alias of Mount Tai. Because it ranks first among the five mountains, it is revered as the Dai Zong. "How is your husband?" means how is it? The word "husband" is usually a virtual character used at the beginning of a sentence in ancient Chinese prose. It is a new creation and unique to incorporate it into the poem here. Although the word "husband" has no real meaning, it is indispensable. The so-called "lifelike portrayal is in Adu".
"Qilu is still young" is the answer I got after some speculation. It is really an amazing sentence. It does not say that Mount Tai is high in the abstract, nor does it describe it with general language such as "Cui Ci Yuntian" like Xie Lingyun's "Taishan Yin", but writes his own experience ingeniously - the two great kingdoms of Qi and Lu in ancient times. Outside the country, you can still see Mount Tai, which lies far across the country. The distance highlights the height of Mount Tai. The south of Mount Tai is Lu, and the north of Mount Tai is Qi. Therefore, this sentence describes the geographical features and cannot be appropriated when writing about other mountains. In the Ming Dynasty, Mo Ruzhong wrote in his poem "Dengdong County Wangyue Tower": "Qilu is still young, who can succeed the Duling people in this poem?" He specifically mentioned this poem and believed that no one could succeed, which is reasonable.
The two sentences "The clock of creation is beautiful, and the yin and yang cut off the dusk" describe the magical beauty and majestic image of Mount Tai seen in the near view. They are a footnote to the previous sentence "The green is not over". The word "clock" expresses the sentimentality of nature. The side facing the sun in front of the mountain is called "yang", and the side behind the mountain facing away from the sun is called "yin". Because the mountain is high, the dusk and dawn of the sky are divided into the yin and yang sides of the mountain, so it is called "cutting the dusk and dawn". "Cut" is originally a common word, but when used here, it really means "odd danger". It can be seen from this that the poet Du Fu's creative style of "continuing to die without surprising words" was developed in his youth.
The two sentences "Zeng Yun is born in the chest, and the returning bird returns to the canthus" are written about careful observation. Seeing the endless clouds in the mountains, my heart was rippling; because I stared at it for a long time, I felt as if my eye sockets were bursting. "Returning bird" is a bird that returns to its nest in the forest. It can be seen that it is already dusk, but the poet is still looking at it. It goes without saying that it contains the poet's love for the mountains and rivers of his motherland.
"You will be at the top of the mountain, and you will have a panoramic view of all the small mountains." These last two sentences describe the desire to climb the mountain that comes from looking at the mountain. "Huidang" is a colloquial dialect in Tang Dynasty, which means "will eventually do it". For example, in Wang Bo's "Spring Thoughts": "Hui will break away from the wind and dust in one fell swoop, and the verdant covered pavilion will come to spring." Sometimes the word "hui" is used alone, such as Sun Guangxian's "Bei Meng Suo Yan": "One day I will kill this Zhuzi!" That is, There are often single words in Du's poems, such as "In this life, that old Shu will return to Qin if he doesn't die!" ("Sending Yan Gong to the Dynasty") If "huidang" is interpreted as "should", it will be inaccurate and dull.
From these two inspiring and symbolic poems, we can see the poet Du Fu's ambition and spirit of not being afraid of difficulties, daring to climb to the top, and looking down on everything. This is the key to Du Fu becoming a great poet, and it is also indispensable for all people who make a difference. This is why these two lines of poetry have been recited by people for thousands of years and can still arouse strong resonance in us. In the Qing Dynasty, Pu Qilong believed that Du's poems "should be headed by this" and said, "Du Zi's mind and spirit are impressive. Take them as a scroll and stand tall as a town." ("Reading Du Xinjie") It is from this point of view. Focus on the symbolic meaning of the two poems. This is consistent with Du Fu's "comparison between Ji and Qi" in politics, and his "conquering Jia Lei and short-sighted Cao Liu Qiang" in creation. This poem was praised as the "swan song" by later generations, and was carved into a stone tablet and erected at the foot of the mountain. Undoubtedly, it will live forever with Mount Tai.