Du Fu's Poems Exposing Reality 1. Du Fu's Poems Exposing Facts
"Three Officials" and "Three Farewells" are respectively Xin 'an officials, Shi Haoguan officials, Tongguan officials, seeing off relatives, resigning from the old days and being homeless, which are the representative works of Du Fu's realistic poems. It truly describes the thoughts, feelings, actions and language of county officials, customs officials, old women, old people, brides, husbands and others in a specific environment, vividly reflects the social reality of that period and the profound disasters and pains of working people, and shows people tragic life tragedies. In these descriptions of the hardships of life, on the one hand, the poet has deep sympathy for the people who have suffered greatly, and hates the enslavement and persecution of the people by officials; On the other hand, he supported the counter-insurgency war of the dynasty and hoped that the people would suffer hardships and cooperate with the dynasty to put down the rebellion. This complex and contradictory thought accords with the poet's thought of worrying about the country and the people.
Wild old wild old fence back to the river bank, Chai Men is not open by the river. Fishermen's nets gather under Chengtan, and Jia passenger ships come to accompany the light. What is the meaning of the cloud on the piano platform after a long journey of worrying about the sad Jiange? Julian Waghann didn't report to Dong Jun, and Anthony wong drew a corner of the city gate. The appreciation of this poem was written in the first year of Shangyuan (760), and Du Fu just settled down in the thatched cottage in the western suburbs of Chengdu. After years of wandering, he finally had a place to rest, which made him feel gratified. However, the reality of the country's destruction and the waste of the people impacted his heart and made him unable to be quiet. This poem reveals this subtle and profound emotional fluctuation in his heart. On the third day of the third month, the weather is fresh, two people are on the road, and many beautiful women are walking in Chang 'an seaside. Good at accepting, indifferent, sweet, sincere, delicate in texture, even flesh and blood. Embroidered gold and silver silk unicorn in late spring. Cui hangs his temples and leaves his lips. The jewelry skirt behind them is safer. Several of them are relatives of the imperial concubine and two wives of Guo and Qin. The red hump is taken from the jade roast chicken, and the fragrant fish is held in a crystal tray. The exquisite phoenix meat cleaver is rarely used. The eunuch flew away, afraid to raise the dust, and the cook came to the sea, enjoying delicacies. Xiao Guan mourned ghosts and gods, and guests and courtiers gathered, all of whom were officials. How arrogant a horse owner is. He dismounted from the embroidered carpet and went into the tent. White apples covered with snow, bluebirds find their way with scarlet handkerchiefs. But power can be as hot as a flame and burn people's fingers. Be alert to the Prime Minister and pay attention to his frown. Appreciate this seven-character ancient poem, written in the spring of 753, the twelfth year of Tianbao. At that time, Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, lived a corrupt life and became more and more fond of Yang Guifei. The Yang brothers and sisters got rich because of nepotism. In the 11th year of Tianbao (752), Yang became the right prime minister after Li, and Yang's three sisters were also named Mrs. Guo. The five Yang families bully the city and lead a parasitic and decadent life. The relationship between Yang and Mrs Wei is even uglier. This poem profoundly exposes and satirizes the arrogance, debauchery, shameless ugliness and crimes of this small group of people. The whole poem tries to spread out in one breath. The language is fresh and harmonious. Every sentence means irony, and the pen runs through the back of the paper. [Reference]: Selected Poems of Du Fu and Zhou Meng, Eight Poems of Autumn Prosperity by Heilongjiang People's Publishing House 1980.6 (I): The maple tree in Youlufeng withered, and the Wuxia in Wushan was miserable. Between the river and the sky, the waves are rough and the clouds are covered with fog. Cong Ju shed tears the other day. She was alone in the boat. Cold clothes push knives and rulers everywhere, and Baidicheng is anxious. It is not uncommon for poor poets, scholars at all times and in all countries to be beggars. Du Fu failed to make an appointment during his first few years in Chang 'an. Later, when his father died, he lost a fixed source of income and his life was more difficult. His grandson Du Ji lives in the southern suburbs of Chang 'an. In order to disturb a meal, he often walks around, but his grandson's life is not comfortable. He was unhappy to see his elders coming, but he couldn't say anything. He just showed it by his actions: digging rice well and swinging hard. Cutting vegetables in the garden, let it go. Du Fu was deeply touched by this and wrote "Revealing from Ji Sun", "I don't know who is right or wrong. There are many amazing doors. I'm looking for my grandson. Small people are honest, but thin customs are hard to say. It's a clan, not a dish. Don't be suspected by the outside world. The same surname "Gu Suodun" is a manifestation of the bleak mood after being left out by the "clan". Of course, there are also many friends to help. Once Du Fu got malaria, his face was pale and emaciated, his head was white, and he almost died. After recovering from a serious illness, he went out on crutches and unconsciously came to Wang Yi's door. Seeing Du Fu like this, Wang Yi was very sympathetic. He bought meat and wine and treated him warmly. Du Fu expressed his gratitude in the poem "Drinking a Song after Illness": "But I only want to meet you for a long time when I am old and full. "In fact, since then, Du Fu has lived a life of begging everywhere intentionally or unintentionally. His poem "Vote for Men in Hua Xian and Hua Xian Counties" "Hungry, that is, ten days, how can my clothes be tied together?" It is a true portrayal of his life in Chang 'an. "Yunxian Miscellaneous Notes Flying Cicada at Night" quoted "Farewell Collection": "Every friend of Du Fu arrives and leads his wife. When Wei saw it, he retired and asked his wife to send cicadas at night to help him make up for it. " The husband is poor, and the wife naturally looks shabby. Du Fu didn't think so himself, but the guests really couldn't see it, so he asked his wife to send a headdress. Later, Du Fu was forced to leave Chang 'an and go to Chengdu. At first, the family stayed in an ancient temple near Huanhuaxi, and the family couldn't open the pot. Du Fu himself recorded: "The entrance is still empty, my wife sees me of the same color, and the idiot doesn't know the father-son ceremony, so he is angry and begs and sings." The child is too hungry to stand, so he doesn't care about the father and son's gifts. He made a hullabaloo about to his father and asked him to go to his neighbor's house for a meal. There is no way. Du Fu, who worked as a small official for a few days, could not keep his face, so he had to bite the bullet and leave a face, and sent a letter of help to his fellow villager and Pengzhou secretariat Gao Shi: "A hundred years have passed, and the autumn solstice turns to hunger and cold. When is Pengzhou animal husbandry difficult to save? " Gao Shi sent rice from a hundred miles away to help him, and the neighborhood cooked some side dishes for him, which saved him from cooking without rice. Du Fu has a poem to prove it: "Monks in ancient temples are in prison, but empty tenants live there. The old man offered rice, neighbors and garden vegetables. " Shu Zhen bo made Yanwu admire Du Fu's name and recommend him as a foreign minister of the Ministry of Supervision. That's how Du Gongbu came. Friend Yin Peimian or
2. Li Bai's and Du Fu's poems reveal the differences in reality.
Du Fu's poetic style was formed in the period of An Shi Rebellion, and gradually took shape in suffering.
Du Fu went deep into the society, cared about the sufferings of politics and people's livelihood, and attached importance to realism. He shoulders the heavy responsibility of the country and the nation and faithfully depicts the face of the times and inner feelings.
Du Fu's artistic style is gloomy. He inherited Du Fu's realistic style from the Middle Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty. Especially in the Song Dynasty, Jiangxi Poetry School was regarded as the originator of Du Fu. His influence is enormous. The style of Li Bai's poems is multidimensional, but it is dominated by majestic poems and the truth of nature. Specifically, it has the characteristics of grandeur and boldness, magic and magnificence, elegance and freedom, innocence and frankness, freshness and nature.
Li Bai was influenced by Confucianism, Taoism, chivalry and the ethos of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and his talent was insufficient all his life, which greatly influenced the formation of his poetic style.