Everyone has written a paper from primary school, junior high school, high school to university and even work. Thesis is a means to discuss problems and conduct academic research. So, have you understood this paper? The following are the papers I collected for you on the methods of cultivating the practical ability of Chinese language and literature majors, hoping to help you.
Abstract: The way to cultivate practical ability is a comprehensive system, and classroom mathematics is an important part of it. Three reforms in classroom teaching, namely, the teaching atmosphere to stimulate interest, the teaching process of experience perception, the evaluation results of works evaluation, the curriculum system and the comprehensive efforts of teachers, can effectively improve the practical ability of students majoring in Chinese language and literature, and cultivate Chinese language and literature professionals with a coordinated development of "thick foundation, wide caliber and emphasis on ability" and "knowledge, ability and quality".
Keywords: Chinese language and literature major; Practical ability; Training methods;
Chinese language and literature is a traditional basic subject. For a long time, some people have verbally ridiculed or psychologically despised the Chinese language and literature major, but in fact, the teaching mode of "emphasizing theory and neglecting practice" is biased, and the ability training of talents still focuses on theoretical teaching and lacks practical ability. At present, many science and engineering majors have increased humanities education, and science and engineering talents often have both science and engineering skills and theoretical knowledge of humanities and social sciences, which not only narrows the employment space for graduates majoring in Chinese language and literature, but also poses a severe challenge and test for the education and teaching reform of Chinese language and literature. Therefore, how to improve practical ability has gradually become the focus of academic research on the professional ability of Chinese language and literature.
1, the basic connotation of practical ability of students majoring in Chinese language and literature
According to the purpose and source of ability, students' professional ability can be roughly divided into basic ability, professional theoretical ability and professional practical ability. Basic ability is the most basic knowledge, basic skills, learning ability and scientific and humanistic literacy ability for students to adapt to social life, and it is the foundation and foundation of vocational ability system. Professional theoretical ability mainly refers to the knowledge system and theoretical system accumulated for a long time through systematic and standardized learning, which is the core and development of professional ability system. Professional practical ability is the ability to properly integrate basic ability and professional theoretical ability, accumulate, integrate and migrate learned knowledge and literacy in the form of a skill within a specific professional practice scope, complete certain tasks and achieve practical results, which is the core and promotion of professional ability system.
In fact, the practical ability of Chinese language and literature major is to be good at reading, writing and speaking. The so-called "good reading" refers to the ability to understand the text, the reading ability of language and literary works, the understanding ability of the meaning of the works and the author's emotions, and the understanding ability of the meaning and background of the works. The so-called "writing ability" refers to the ability of literary and artistic creation and the ability of stylistic writing application. Being able to master the basic rules of writing, according to its basic characteristics and requirements, be able to skillfully create literary and applied works, meet the requirements of language, structure and theme of literary works, and give readers certain artistic enjoyment or solve practical problems. The so-called "speaking ability" refers to the ability to create or use language orally, and to choose appropriate oral language and body language for comprehensive expression according to the requirements of specific occasions or specific objects to meet the practical and aesthetic needs of the audience.
2. Ways to cultivate the practical ability of students majoring in Chinese language and literature
The cultivation of practical ability of students majoring in Chinese language and literature should be based on students' growth law and professional characteristics, with the principle of all-round development and coordinated promotion of knowledge, ability, accomplishment and personality, and strive to cultivate Chinese language and literature professionals with "thick foundation, wide caliber and heavy ability" and "knowledge, ability and quality" coordinated development. The cultivation of practical ability is a step-by-step process, and it is also a comprehensive reform and overall teaching system, involving classroom teaching, curriculum system, teachers' team, ideological and political education, base construction, practice training, teaching assessment and many other aspects. Starting from the main position of classroom teaching, this paper focuses on the ways to cultivate students' practical ability, and puts forward the following three aspects of reform and practice.
2. 1 Create a harmonious and pleasant teaching atmosphere with interest as the goal.
As a long-term contact major, most students have a little knowledge, which is more likely to produce study fatigue. They don't want to know and master many professional knowledge, and they lack interest. Therefore, in the process of classroom teaching, teachers should create a harmonious and pleasant teaching atmosphere around the goal of stimulating students' interest in learning, so that students can study in an atmosphere without depression, dare to participate and speak, and fully mobilize their enthusiasm. For example, in the appreciation class of "Farewell to Vice Governor Du to serve in Shu", we can consider putting forward a thoughtful topic first: Tianya = Neighbor? Then let the students find out the poems that express the natural geography (scenery writing) and the author's experience (emotional writing), read them aloud in a performance way, so as to understand and express their meanings, and then guide the students to understand the thoughts and feelings of the poems by combining the expressive techniques of the poems. In such a teaching atmosphere, the design of key questions avoids the method of sentence-by-sentence explanation and overall crosstalk, and allows students to tell the picture artistic conception of poetry in their own language through the guidance of questions. Although the order of poems is disrupted, students can perceive the artistic conception of poems and experience the emotional artistic conception of each poem through their own understanding and reading. The most important thing is that students' problem-oriented autonomous learning has greatly stimulated their interest in learning and improved their learning efficiency and effectiveness.
2.2 Taking experience as the goal, highlighting the ability perception in the teaching process.
Whether it is a traditional discipline or a new discipline, classroom teaching has always been an important place to cultivate professional ability. Give full play to the advantages of classroom teaching in imparting basic knowledge, and at the same time comprehensively promote the cultivation of students' practical ability. In the teaching process, we should change the past indoctrination mode, highlight students' experience perception, play the role of developing students' potential and cultivating students' independent exploration ability, and strive to cultivate practical ability throughout the whole teaching process. How to set the experience goal in the teaching process and achieve this goal? When setting teaching objectives, fully consider the training requirements of practical ability. Among the three-dimensional goals of cognitive goal, emotional goal and ability, the characteristics and laws of practical ability training of Chinese language and literature specialty should be fully considered in the formulation of teaching goal, and the teaching process should highlight students' experience and guide students to explore and solve unknown problems, so as to achieve the purpose of mastering knowledge, developing intelligence and cultivating ability. To sum up this requirement, we should fully consider students' subjectivity, the composition of practical ability and other factors when formulating teaching objectives, adhere to the principle of students' subjectivity, cultivate students' curiosity and thirst for knowledge, help students to study and think independently, encourage students to find, ask and solve problems, provide as many hands-on contents and opportunities as possible, and cultivate students' strong research interest and problem-solving ability.
In the process of achieving teaching objectives, students' sense of experience has been fully improved. Time and space are necessary factors to cultivate practical ability. The following four points are important guarantees for the time and space needed for practical experience: First, ensure that students have sufficient experience time in the teaching process, and students can realize the cognition, exploration and creation of teaching content through exchanges and choices among students, teachers and students, teachers and students, teaching content and teaching environment. The second is to ensure a suitable experience space. Experience space is to change the traditional teaching mode, take students as the active subject of ability development and teaching process, and each student participates in it in a personalized way, changing the classroom process and activities with individual and collective experience activities, thus causing teachers and students to rethink the classroom mode, thinking mode, behavior mode and ability development, turning teachers' one-way teaching into multi-directional communication between teachers and students, thus forming a complete and two-way interactive teaching process between teachers and students. Third, avoid a single teaching method and means, strive for flexible and diverse methods and means, effectively mobilize students' visual, auditory, kinesthetic and other organs to participate in the teaching process, improve students' initiative and enthusiasm in thinking, asking questions and solving problems, drive the process with questions, highlight the experience with questions, and let students develop their listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities in the problem experience. Fourthly, carefully design the carriers and methods to cultivate practical ability, so that students can deepen their understanding of knowledge through their own thinking, hands-on and creation.
2.3 Take work as the goal and overcome the disadvantages of single evaluation.
In the process of students' experiential teaching, students should be helped to transform their thinking in images and emotional experience into concrete literary works, and their practical language and writing ability should be cultivated. Specific works can be flexibly set according to different factors such as class time and class content. Students can only "understand" the contents of literature courses, let alone master and use them. Therefore, teachers should provide students with sufficient time for cooperation and communication in teaching, so that students can talk about the conception and realization process of their own works. Seemingly simple, it is actually a process of transforming one kind of thinking into another, which fully develops students' ability to solve problems. As a student majoring in Chinese language and literature, written works are indispensable for the final formation of practical ability. Therefore, after "speaking" in class, students should turn the content of "speaking" into words in class or after class.
Taking Su Xun's Six Kingdoms Religion as an example, at the beginning of this paper, the central argument is clearly put forward: "Six kingdoms are destroyed, but the soldiers are not unfavorable, the war is not good, and the disadvantage lies in bribing Qin", and then the "way to destroy" is emphasized, which is a positive explanation for the loss of strength due to bribing Qin, which is the fundamental reason for being destroyed. Subsequently, the article then analyzes the reasons why countries that did not bribe Qin failed to fight against Qin alone because they lost their strong support. In this regard, it expounds the reasons for the loss of "ungrateful people" from the opposite side, dispels readers' doubts through questioning, makes the general argument stable, thorough and impeccable, and forms two sub-arguments under the general point. How to improve the cultivation of practical ability when dealing with the demonstration teaching of this paper? First, students are required to make oral speeches (individuals or groups), with natural expression and clear expression as the basic requirements. At the same time, the speaker is required to control the attention of the audience as much as possible and answer the questions of other students in the class. Second, students are required to write speeches in words (individuals or groups), so as to imitate the author's thinking structure and write paragraphs or essays with similar structures. Third, in the next class, we will set aside some time to analyze students' written works, exchange writing opinions with each other under the evaluation of teachers and students, and get multi-directional feedback information. Through the evaluation of this kind of works, we can not only understand different students' different problem-solving methods, but also cultivate students' language expression ability, thinking ability and writing ability, and at the same time, students' exploration spirit, innovation consciousness and problem-solving ability have been further developed.
3. Conclusion
The way to cultivate students' practical ability is a comprehensive system, and classroom mathematics is an important part of it. Only through a variety of comprehensive reforms, including classroom teaching, can we continuously expand the ways to cultivate students' practical ability, form an education that will benefit students for life, and promote their all-round and comprehensive development.
Step 4 refer to
[1] edited by Zhang Jianfeng. Exploration and Practice on the Training Mode of College Students' Practical Ability [M]. Chengdu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Press.2016.
[2] Wu Zhihua. Research on the development of students' practical ability [M]. Dalian: Liaoning Normal University Press.20 20 10/0.
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