2. Literati's choice of words and sentences. On one occasion, Jia Dao rode a donkey into the road. He is pondering a poem entitled "Li Ning's Seclusion". The whole poem is as follows: living in seclusion with few neighbors, grass entering an empty garden. Birds inhabit trees by the pool, and monks push the moon down the door. Cross the bridge and move the rock root by color separation. I will come back here temporarily, but I will keep my promise in a quiet period. But he has one thing. The "push" of the monk pushing the moon down the door should be replaced by "knock". But he thinks "knocking" is a bit inappropriate, so it is better than "pushing". I don't know whether to knock or push. I mumbled while deliberating. Unconsciously, I rode a donkey into the honor guard of Han Yu, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Han, I'd better knock again. Hearing this, Han Yu said to Jia Dao, "I think it's better to knock. Even in the dead of night, knocking at the door when visiting friends shows that you are a polite person! And a word "knock" makes the night quieter and louder. Moreover, it reads louder. " Jia Dao nodded and praised. This time, he not only didn't get punished, but also made friends with Han Yu. Since then, scrutiny has become a popular and common word, which is used to describe making a fuss or doing things and pondering over them repeatedly.
3. David Canding's A Real Artist with Words and Sentences David Canding 20065438+0-01-29 08: 53: 01Although Churchill's mastery of spoken English has reached an unparalleled level, he is by no means a natural speaker.
When he was young, he became an outstanding figure and often gave speeches, which was incredible. He is less than five feet tall, slightly hunched, with thin upper lip, delicate skin and fat waist line in middle age, which shows that his appearance is not attractive.
He deeply felt the lack of education in Oxford and Cambridge universities. On the one hand, he always feels that he lacks knowledge. On the other hand, he feels that he "has never had the experience of young people debating various topics impromptu in university forums". It is difficult for him to master the art of impromptu public speaking except for making some short comments in public.
What I hate most is that his voice is not rich. Immobilization, language disorder, sometimes slurred speech and stuttering.
As an impartial observer commented on Churchill's early experience, he was "a young man of medium build, not outstanding, inarticulate ... and unattractive". Churchill's speech was different because he had to overcome unfavorable factors.
Through hard work and long-term hard study and practice, he mastered the skills he chose. He learned to remember Cromwell, Chatham, Burke, Peter, Macaulay and Brian.
Disraeli and Gladstone's most famous speeches. He recited part of his father's speech and deliberately imitated his clothes and manners.
He has the courage to hone, overcome the defects of unclear pronunciation and stuttering, visit several phonetic experts, practice with heart and mouth, persevere, select wonderful words and phrases, and avoid the discordant rhythm in daily speech. He posed in front of the mirror to correct his facial expression.
Naturally, he established immortal feats in his early years, but he was often worried that he would blurt it out at the meeting of the House of Commons. It is in the later period, before he makes an important speech, he often feels that there is something wrong, and he is not satisfied until the words are accurate and absolutely accessible. First of all, he must spend time on his speech.
Churchill's speech was neither impromptu, either on the platform of the House of Commons or into the microphone. A gushing word is not an incoherent cry after some vague thinking.
These speeches, including some lines, are all formal literary works, which have been carefully produced and polished before they are published in full. They are thoroughly and carefully planned works, with rich historical facts to strengthen the argument, arrange orderly arguments, and finally write a long speech.
The whole process of this operation will inevitably occupy Churchill's time. His first important speech in the House of Commons took six weeks to complete. Even in the darkest and busiest days of World War II, he never dared to perfunctory his speech.
Sometimes the speech is not satisfactory, but he seldom slacks off. ? Churchill had the ability to write and brew speeches, which greatly made up for his physical, temperament and intellectual defects.
Although he has basically formed his own style, he has to change his style to adapt to the new situation. He began to combine Gibbon's heavy, undulating sentences with Macaulay's bright, antagonistic sentences and aggressive wisdom.
When he was a soldier in India, he was very grateful to Burke Cochrane, an Irish-American politician outside the headquarters of Tammany Society. His best speech is more eloquent than William Jenners Bryan. Loud and eloquent speeches soon became the characteristics of Churchill's intonation, which was imitated by Peter and gladstone. His father, Lord Randolph, was obviously a successful example of expressing criticism and abuse.
Churchill combined his subtle, humorous and deliberately ordinary characteristics with an unusually active mixture. As Harold Nicholson pointed out, the result is that "the spirit and concentration in his speeches are often dramatically combined". ? In addition, Churchill himself is an artist who can really make sentences with words, a self-taught man of state affairs, no less than a professional politician, and his vocabulary is unusually large.
When studying at Harrow College, he was not outstanding in other aspects, but he was particularly interested in military aesthetics, with striking alliteration, beautiful vocabulary, vivid antithesis and flashing aphorisms. Just like his paintings, his speech is full of vivid intentions and colorful colors.
He likes concise, powerful and energetic terms, such as "blood, toil, tears and sweat". He chose attractive, eager and literary adjectives, such as "silence, sadness, richness and rupture".
He can master unexpected but carefully chosen words. For example, when he described the Mississippi River, he used such words as "forbidden and unruly, irresistible, kind and kind", in which the transcendent adjectives finally broke through the established alliteration pattern and played an excellent role.
Among his contemporaries, he was an unparalleled word-builder and left an indelible impression on people. In the era of general strike, his comment "I am totally inclined to be impartial between the fire brigade and the fire" is a famous example.
And he later described the Soviet Union as "a mystery, wrapped in a mysterious coat, living in ambiguity and concealment" is another example. This combination of unrepentant determination, diligent application and skills as a servant enabled Churchill to quickly master most rhetorical devices used by all politicians in English history.
From one book to another, from one crisis to another, from supporting the government to opposing the government, he is always accompanied by sparkling words. Modify it, and then use tried and tested sentence patterns.
To adapt to the new situation. 1940, British fighter pilots took part in the war, and there was a sentence in the famous ode: "Never before have so many people attributed so much glory to so few people on the battlefield of human conflict."
This poem is rich in classical simplicity and perfection, as if at your fingertips. However, it underwent repeated changes and modifications before it was finalized.
1899, when he visited oldham, he said, "There have never been so many people and so much food in Britain." . Nine years later, as the Minister of Colonial Affairs, he commented on the irrigation projects in Africa and said, "No other place in the world can store so much water resources with so few masonry structures".
4. Literati's choice of words and sentences. On one occasion, Jia Dao rode a donkey into the official road.
He is meditating on a poem entitled "Li Ning's Seclusion". The whole poem is as follows: living in seclusion with few neighbors, the grass path becomes a deserted garden. Birds inhabit trees by the pool, and monks push the moon down the door.
Walking across this bridge, you can see the charming scenery of Ye Yuan, and the feet of clouds seem to be moving on the floating rocks. I will leave here for a while, but I will come back and retire with my friends on the appointed date.
But he can't make up his mind on one thing, that is, he thinks that the word "push" in the second sentence of "birds stay in the trees by the pool, and monks push the moon down the door" should be replaced by "knock". But he also thinks that "knocking" is a bit inappropriate, so it is better to "push".
I don't know whether to "knock" or "push". I'm thinking and chanting.
Unconsciously, I rode a donkey into the honor guard of Han Yu (one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties). Han Yu asked Jia Dao why he broke into his honor guard.
Jia Dao read the poem he wrote to Han Yu, but he couldn't make up his mind whether to say it again with "push" or "knock". Hearing this, Han Yu said to Jia Dao, "I think it's better to knock. Even in the dead of night, knocking at the door when visiting friends shows that you are a polite person! In addition, the word "knock" adds a little more noise in the dead of night.
Besides, it reads louder. "Jia Dao nodded and praised. Not only did he not get punished this time, but he also made friends with Han Yu.
Since then, deliberation has become a popular word, which means to ponder and consider repeatedly when doing an article or a thing.