Appreciation of ancient Chinese poems and essays in the College Entrance Examination is a common question type that is extremely difficult and rich in literary color. Below I have compiled for you some answering routines and techniques for appreciating ancient Chinese poems and essays.
1 College Entrance Exam Chinese Ancient Poetry Appreciation Question Answering Techniques Question Type
1. Sentence Type Questions
Questioning Method:
①Finally What do these two sentences mean? What thoughts and feelings do the authors express?
② Talk about your understanding or appreciation of the fourth couplet or sentence based on the whole poem.
Answer tips: When explaining the meaning of a poem, you should pay attention to two levels: the semantic meaning and the semantic meaning, and combine it with the whole poem to point out its function or express what feelings and thoughts.
Answer points: ① Clarify the meaning of the expression, and sometimes explore its deeper meaning.
②Point out the descriptive function of the poem, or what emotions and purposes it expresses.
Example: Let’s talk about our understanding of the fourth couplet of Li Bai’s “Listening to Sichuan Monk Luo Playing the Qin” “I don’t realize how dark the blue mountains are at dusk, how dark the autumn clouds are.”
[Answer] ① It describes the scenery at the end of the song and the poet's state of being intoxicated by the sound of the piano. ②The side describes the charm of the sound of the piano.
2. Artistic conception type questions
Questioning method:
①Which couplets in the poem describe what images? Please analyze the artistic conception of the blending of the scenes.
② Based on the overall understanding of the whole poem, briefly analyze how the poet creates the artistic conception in certain two sentences.
③Explain the meaning of a certain couplet and analyze the relationship between emotion and scene.
Answer tips: Artistic conception refers to the artistic realm produced by the fusion of the poet's subjective feelings and the shape and spirit of observing things. Because the beautiful meaning displayed by this artistic realm often exceeds the original meaning of the poem, it not only embodies the basic characteristics of the poem "the words are here and the meaning is there", but also has the artistic effect of "the words are exhausted but the meaning is endless", so Artistic conception has become the core issue in poetry appreciation.
Answer points:
① Find the image in the poem.
②Expand association and imagination, and use your own words to reproduce the pictures.
③The characteristics of the atmosphere created by the highlighted scenery can be summarized with two two-syllable adjectives, such as: majestic and majestic, quiet and beautiful, lonely and desolate, bleak and desolate, etc.
④ What kind of thoughts and feelings does the poet express, such as joy, joy, excitement, sadness, grief and indignation, sorrow, or feelings of farewell, attachment, praise, admiration, and heroic feelings? , leisure and tranquility, or what kind of inspiration and thinking it gives people, and point out why.
Example: Ask Du Fu's "Jianghan" "Jianghan misses returning guests, and there is only one rotten scholar in the world. The clouds in the sky are far away, and the moon is alone in the eternal night. The heart is still strong when the sun sets, and the autumn wind is about to cure. The old age is preserved. Horses don't have to travel long distances." The second and third couplets of the poem use the images of "clouds", "lone moon", "setting sun" and "autumn wind". Please analyze the artistic conception of the blending of scenes. What kind of emotion does it express?
Answer: ① The "clouds" in the second couplet float far away on the horizon, which is a metaphor for the poet wandering in a foreign country; the "lone moon" in the eternal night is a metaphor for the poet and the moon who are far away from each other. In the third couplet, "sunset" is used to describe old age; "autumn wind" is a real scene. ②The two scenes blend together, creating a lonely and deserted artistic conception with the sky high and the road far away, and the lonely moon shining alone. ③The poem mentions "the heart is still strong", "sickness is recovering", "keep the old horse", etc. It can be seen from this that the poet is not willing to accept old age and is not afraid of illness. He is permeated with a spirit of self-improvement and active use of the world; at the same time, from the end From the joint reading, the poet has a feeling of getting stronger with age. However, he has been wandering all his life and was eventually abandoned. He has a lot of resentment that is worse than an old horse.
3. Image-type questions
Questioning method:
①What is the main image of this poem or what image is it portraying?
②What expression techniques are used to depict the image.
③What are the specific characteristics of the image.
④What are the emotional characteristics expressed by the image, etc.
Answer tips: The image of ancient poetry generally refers to the image of the protagonist, the image of the poet's "I" and the image of the scenery. To analyze the image of the poem, one must identify the image and artistic conception based on the specific objects or pictures depicted in the poem. The blend of characteristics, emotions and scenery allows us to understand the poet’s thoughts and feelings and appreciate the philosophy contained in the image. It is usually analyzed from the perspective of the color, direction, intensity, virtuality and reality, movement and stillness of the image.
To answer the question, you can first summarize the overall characteristics and meaning of the image, and use this as the "central argument", grasp the specific characteristics or personality characteristics of the image, and analyze and demonstrate this central argument based on the content of the poem.
Answer points:
①What kind of image.
②The basic characteristics of the image.
③The meaning of the image (the poet’s thoughts and emotions and the underlying philosophy.)
Example: Question: Du Mu’s "Qi'an County Zhongqi": "Two poles set on the Sun River Bridge , In the half-wisp of willow shadow, there are many green lotuses leaning against each other, looking back to the west wind for a while. "Wandering on the lotus pond in the evening heat": "The thin grass shakes its head and suddenly reports to the farmer, and the lotus flowers are blocked by the dusk." Still feeling sad and hot, he lowered his head and hid deep in the green umbrella.
"What expression techniques are used in the two poems to depict the image of "Lotus"? Let's briefly analyze the different emotional characteristics of "Lotus" in the two poems.
[Answer] Personification technique of expression. Du The "green lotus" in the poem "backs away from the west wind" because of "hate", which contains the poet's hatred, expresses the sadness and injustice, and has a sad and low tone; while the "lotus" in Yang's poem is blown by the west wind and hides among the lotus leaves. It seems to be "sad and hot", but it shows a shy attitude, showing the author's affection and joy, and the tone is lively and interesting.
4. Questions with language characteristics
Setting the topic. Method:
① Talk about the language characteristics of this poem
② Analyze the language style or language art of this poem
Question-solving tips: This. For similar questions, the focus is not on the clever use of individual words, but on the taste of the language style of the entire poem. Therefore, you must learn to use the answer terms introduced in "One (2) Ancient Poetry Language" in this volume.
Answer requirements:
① Use one or two points or one or two sentence patterns to accurately point out the language characteristics
② Analyze these characteristics in detail based on the relevant sentences in the poem. .
③Explain how the poet's feelings are expressed in the poem's words
Example: Please analyze "Jing and Wu are connected by water as their hometown" in Meng Haoran's "Sending Du Shishi to the South of the Yangtze River". Going to Chunjiang is elusive. Where can the sail be anchored at dusk? The sight of the end of the world can break one's heart." The language of this poem is full of color.
[Answer] The language of this poem is like flowing clouds and flowing water, harmonious but not dull, and deep but not explicit. The first sentence points out that "Jingwu" is next door, and first offers words of comfort; the second sentence describes the scenic spots in front of him, and expresses the confusion in the poet's heart. The first two sentences are calm and implicit, and the feelings are not exposed. It is very natural. The word "where to park" contains indescribable earnestness and care. The conclusion is like a huge gate opening, pushing the feeling of farewell to the peak, all in ". In "Look at the End of the World", "Broken Heart" expresses detachment without being explicit, and the words are exhaustive but the meaning is endless. The Second College Entrance Examination Chinese Language and Ancient Poetry Appreciation Model
1. Analyze the artistic conception model
Question method:
What kind of artistic conception does this poem create?
Question variation:
This poem depicts a What kind of picture? What thoughts and feelings does the poet express?
Answer analysis:
This is the most common question type. The so-called artistic conception refers to the objects that express the poet's emotions ( It includes three aspects: scene, emotion and environment.
Answering steps:
Describe the scene shown in the poem. Candidates should grasp the main scenery in the poem and reproduce the scene in their own words. When describing, they should be faithful to the original poem and recreate it with their own association and imagination. The language should be beautiful.
Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery. Generally, two two-syllable words can be used, such as lonely and deserted, quiet and beautiful, majestic and majestic, bleak and desolate, etc. Be careful to accurately reflect the characteristics and mood of the scenery. .
Analyze the author's thoughts and feelings. Avoid being vague. For example, it is not enough to answer "it expresses the author's sentimental feelings".
2. Analytical skill type
Questioning method:
What expression techniques are used in this poem?
Questioning variations:
Please analyze the expression techniques (or artistic techniques, or techniques) of this poem. How does the poet express his emotions? What is the effect? ??
Answer analysis:
Expression techniques. It is a method used by poets to express their emotions. To answer the question accurately, you must be familiar with some commonly used expression techniques.
Answering steps:
(1) Accurately indicate what technique was used.
(2) Use the poem to explain why this technique is used
(3) What kind of emotion does this technique effectively convey?
3. Analyze language features
Questioning method:
What are the language features of this poem?
Question variations:
Please analyze The language style of this poem. Let’s talk about the language art of this poem.
Answer analysis
This type of question does not require you to figure out the clever use of individual words, but to appreciate the language style expressed in the entire poem. Words that can be used to answer questions generally include: fresh and natural, unpretentious, gorgeous, clear and clear, commonly used in spoken language, euphemistic and implicit, powerful and bold, graceful in style, concise and vivid...
Answering steps:
(1) Use one or two words to accurately point out the language features.
(2) Use relevant sentences in the poem to analyze this feature in detail.
(3) Point out what kind of emotions the author expresses.
4. Refining fonts
Questioning method:
What is the most vivid and expressive word in this couplet? Why?
Question variant:
A certain character has always been praised by people, what do you think is good about it?
Answer analysis:
The ancients paid attention to the refinement of characters when writing poems. The question type requires you to appreciate the beauty of these tempered words. When answering the question, the word cannot be discussed in isolation. It must be placed in the sentence and analyzed in conjunction with the artistic conception and emotion of the whole poem.
Answering steps:
(1) Explain the meaning of the word in the sentence.
(2) Expand the association and put the word into the original sentence to describe the scene.
(3) Point out what kind of artistic conception the word highlights, or what kind of emotion it expresses.