There are as many as twenty rivers in Datong, large and small, which are spread all over the country like cattail fans, and all meet at Sanggan River. The main rivers are: Yu He River, Shili River, Kouquan River and Ganhe River, as well as the smaller Nihe River, Xixijian River, Yumu River, Sihe River, Zhenchuan River, Juanzi River and Kaishankou River. Because they are all seasonal rivers, the water flow in winter and summer is very different. Usually, the water is below the knee, and sometimes it even dries up. These trickles are short-term, and there is no saying that "thousands of miles of waves stack colored glasses". However, they are also unique because of their simplicity. In addition to rivers, there is Wenying Lake in the east of Datong, with an open lake (about 6000 mu) and a mirror. It is not only the main fish producing area in Datong, but also a beautiful lakeside tourist attraction. In addition, there are several good places near mountains and rivers, such as Zhaojiayao Reservoir in Xinrong District and Shuiquan Bay (formerly known as Liu Quan Bay) in the south of the city.
Weng Juan, a poet in the Song Dynasty, once left such a poem: "Come to the mountains to see wild water, and suddenly see the green hills under the water." (Wang Ye) I hope people can take time out, get out of the city walls, make friends with Datong mountains and rivers, and appreciate the interest of nature.
The humanistic landscape of Datong has the characteristics of relatively concentrated scenic spots and different styles. After thousands of robberies, Yungang Grottoes, which have been left at the southern foot of Wuzhou Mountain for generations, stretch from east to west 1 km, with 53 existing main caves and more than 5 1000 stone carvings. It is known as the treasure house of world art, and was founded in the Northern Wei Dynasty in the 5th century A.D. and excavated along the whole Wuzhou Mountain. It used to be said that there are three grottoes in China, Yungang Grottoes is one of them, Dunhuang Grottoes and Longmen Grottoes are the other. Yungang Grottoes are the representatives of early stone carving art in China.
Nine Dragon Wall is a beautifully made and distinguished zhaobi, which is located opposite or in front of palaces, mansions, temples and monasteries. The bottom is Sumitomo, and the top is a tile cover. The wall is decorated with embossed Kowloon, and the moire is like waves. Do you know which is the largest Nine Dragon Wall in China? Some people may think it is the Kowloon Wall of Beihai Park. In fact, the scale of Datong Jiulong Wall is more than three times larger than that of Beihai Jiulong Wall, and it was built more than 350 years ago. Datong Jiulong wall is 45.5 meters long, 8 meters high and 2.02 meters thick. Built in 1300 Hongwu period. It is the glazed wall in front of the palace of Zhu Guidai, the thirteenth son of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. There are three complete Nine Dragon Walls in China, except two in Datong and Beihai Park, and one in the Forbidden City. The Jiulong Wall in Datong is the most colorful and sturdy wall in Longcheng.
Huayan Temple, a "giant temple" in Liao and Jin Dynasties, with a total area of 1.559 square meters, is one of the largest existing Buddhist temples in Liao and Jin Dynasties in China. There are exquisite sculptures in the Liao Dynasty, murals painted in the late Qing Dynasty and five sitting buddhas in the Ming Dynasty. Huayan Temple is simple and solemn in appearance, with strong Liao and Jin styles.
Shanhua Temple, built in the Tang Dynasty, is one of the most complete temples in existence, with staggered heights, orderly layout and left-right symmetry. There are also a large number of exquisite sculptures in the Liao and Jin Dynasties in the temple, which are both state-level cultural relics protection units with Huayan Temple.
In addition, there are many historical and cultural heritages, such as ancient tombs, the Great Wall of Wan Li, garrisons, beacon towers, ruins of Pingcheng and revolutionary memorial buildings.
There are many other tourist attractions in Datong tourist radiation area:
From the northwest of Yingxian County to the south of Datong, there is a Sagata which is the best in the world, that is, it was built in Liao, Qing and Ning years and has a history of more than 900 years. The tower height is 67.3 1 m. The abutment is more than 4m high, and the tower gate is14m high. The plane of the tower is octagonal, and the diameter of the bottom is 30.27 meters. The tower has five open floors, each with a dark floor, which is actually nine floors. There are double eaves and corridors on the ground floor, so the appearance of the tower is six eaves. The tower is all made of wood, and each floor is supported by two circles of wooden columns inside and outside. Between the wooden columns, many braces, beams, squares and short columns are used to form multi-beam wooden frames in different directions. This is a great creation of tower engineering technology. There are 54 kinds of bucket arches in the whole tower, which is the epitome of bucket arch modeling. Without nails, the soldiers will not be extinguished, and they will not be thundered for thousands of years. According to relevant research, although Yingxian wooden tower has no modern lightning protection facilities, the insulation conditions of its foundation and tower body are similar to modern electrical equipment in some respects, and it has good lightning protection performance. It reflects the great achievements of ancient architectural engineering in China, and is known as "the most magnificent work" and "the wonders of the world". It is the highest existing wooden pavilion building in the world and enjoys a high reputation.
62 kilometers south of Datong, you can climb the majestic Hengshan Mountain. According to historical records, more than 4000 years ago, when Shun Di traveled to the north, he saw Mount Heng standing tall and the mountain was towering, so he was named Beiyue and was the founder of Beiyue. With Mount Tai, Huashan, Hengshan and Songshan, it is also known as the Five Mountains, which is equally famous in the world. Yanmenguan in the west, Hebei in the east, Sanjin in the south and Yanyun in the north. 108 peaks stretch for hundreds of miles, undulating between fortresses. Its grotesque caves are called Eighteen Scenes, and there are the remains left by the legendary god Shi Xiangdong flying to the grottoes. There is a cliff, and the aunt throws it into a fairy bird; There are two wells separated by one meter, and the water is sweet and bitter; There is a black ganoderma lucidum, which is not bright and easy to be exposed; The word "horizontal and vertical" carved in the big word Bay is as high as thirteen meters; Huixian cliff stone carvings are dazzling; On the piano and chess table, the wind plays music; Out of the clouds, the clouds are misty; The hoofprint of the fairy donkey on Guo Laoling is a beautiful talk. In addition, natural wonders such as "Golden Rooster Announces Dawn", "Jade Sheep Traveling in Clouds", "Ding Yue Songfeng" and "Sunset" are also famous. There are more than 30 ancient temple buildings on the mountain, overlooking the horizontal and vertical halls in the south, with towering cliffs; Hidden in the secluded Beiyue bedroom, embedded in the grottoes; Kuixingge, to which Beidou belongs, is an independent dangerous peak; The Sanqing Hall facing the abyss is cleverly built.
There is also the Hanging Temple on Hengshan, which is called "the Grand View of the World" by Xu Xiake, and it is the crown of the eighteen scenic spots on Hengshan. Founded in the late Northern Wei Dynasty (about 6th century AD), it has a history of 1400 years, and is the most famous suspended academy in China. Ancient poets vividly praised: "White clouds are sealed on the Feiting Cliff", "A mirage is suspicious of the sea, and the bird path is not in the clouds". There are 40 pavilions in the whole temple, from east to west. Dig a cave on a steep cliff, insert a cantilever beam as the foundation, and have a plank road to connect pavilions. Overlooking the building is like an abyss; Looking up at the bottom of the valley, the cliff is like a rainbow. For thousands of years, this temple has experienced wind and rain. It is a miracle in the history of architecture that it is still safe after several major earthquakes. The temple building consists of three parts: the temple, the south first floor and the north building. The north and south floors are opposite from top to bottom, which is both a pavilion and a gatehouse. Temples and pavilions are all three-story eaves, resting at the top of the mountain. The building of Diange is built on the mountain, with a small top and a large bottom. The lower part is made of bricks, and the upper part is made of pavilions and stones. The house is built on a cliff. All the construction sites are in the cracks of these rocks. There is a cliff between the north and south floors, which is connected by a flying plank road. On the plank road, there is a double-decker eaves building. Although it is located on the cliff of thousands of feet Jedi, it is still surrounded by three cloisters, which makes the building more spectacular and handsome. It is not only famous for its breathtaking temples and pavilions, but also has two halls, namely, the Three Buddhas Hall, the Sakyamuni Hall, the Tibetan Hall, the Guanyin Hall and the Galapagos Hall, as well as the Taiyi Hall, the Sanguan Hall, the Chunyang Palace and the Guandi Hall of Buddhism and Taoism, and even three statues of Confucius, Sakyamuni and Laozi are molded in one hall. As we all know, in the history of our country, there have been contradictions and struggles between Buddhism and Taoism in the development process, and there has been a large-scale incident of "three martial arts and one case" to "destroy Buddhism", in which "one martial arts" is the third generation of Emperor Wu of the Northern Wei Dynasty who proclaimed himself emperor in Datong. But because both religions are polytheists, there are thousands of buddhas, bodhisattvas, arhats, heavenly kings, wise kings and so on in Buddhism. In Taoism, there are gods, gods, earthly gods, real people, mountains and rivers, thunder and fire, bright moon and stars, omnipresent gods and omnipresent gods, all of which are exclusive gods that cannot be interfered by pagans. Therefore, in the long history, the two religions have lived in harmony, and the communication between Buddhism and Taoism is the mainstream. Therefore, there is a Taoist Jade Emperor Pavilion in the Puhua Temple of Wutai Mountain; There is a Buddhist Guanyin Pavilion in the ancient snake cave in Linfen, a holy place of ancient Taoism. There is a Guanyin statue in Ciyun Cave, Sanqing Pavilion, a Taoist priest in Longmen, Xishan, Kunming. The Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province have the Taiqing Taoist Temple; There are three true statues of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in Sanzhen Hall in Kannonji, Datong. It can be seen that it is not uncommon for Buddhists and Taoists to meet in a temple, and statues and murals are enshrined in one place. Moreover, Buddhism also introduced emperors and foreigners into the ranks of arhats, such as Biyun Temple in Xiangshan, Beijing, Baoguang Temple in Chengdu, Hualin Temple in Guangzhou, etc., all of which shaped the imperial statue of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty into one of the 500 arhats. Emperor Kangxi was carved into the 295th most respected person among the 500 arhats in Baoguang Temple in Chengdu. There is a Christian Luohan statue in the Luohan Hall of Julian Temple in Kunming. There is a statue of Italian traveler Kyle Poirot in the Luohan Hall of Hualin Temple in Guangzhou. Besides Mount Hengshan Hanging Temple, there are two hanging temples in China. A Cangyan Mountain located in the northeast of Jingxing County, Hebei Province, namely Cangyan Mountain Hanging Temple in Hebei Province; The other one is located at Luohan Cliff of Xishan Mountain, southwest of Kunming City, Yunnan Province15km, namely Yunnan Xishan Hangkong Temple. Headed by Hengshan Hanging Temple.
Xu Jiayao Ruins is located at the south 1.5 km of Xu Jiayao Village, Gucheng Town, Yanggao County, northeast of Datong City, and is a national key cultural relics protection unit. Xu Jiayao site is about100000 years ago, belonging to the middle paleolithic period. 1976 to 1977, vertebrate paleontology Institute of Paleoanthropology, China Academy of Sciences carried out excavation, and the site contained human fossils, a large number of stone products, ancient horns and abundant mammalian fossils.
Human fossils include parietal bones, occipital fragments, teeth and jaws of Xu Jiayao people. One of the intact right parietal bones is the largest hominid fossil found in China in recent years. Xu Jiayao people are descendants of Beijingers. They moved west about 10 million years ago and were separated by "Datong Lake", so they settled here.
This discovery fills the gap between "Beijingers" and "intelligent people". Xu Jiayao people's culture is represented by stone products and bone horns. There are more than14,000 kinds of stone products, including scrapers, pointers, engravers, stone drills, knives and stone balls. Only 1079 stone balls were found, which is rare. Other stone tools are small and fine, which is an important transition link between Beijing ape-man culture and Zhiyu culture. There are more than 20 kinds of animal fossils, such as Platts wild horse, hairy rhinoceros, Platts gazelle, goose throat gazelle, wild boar, wolf and tiger.
These tourist attractions correspond to the "South Show" with the typical characteristics of "North Bear", and show the bold and profound cultural heritage and outstanding talents of the people in northern China.
A list of the main tourist attractions in Datong: Yungang Grottoes Hanging Temple Pingcheng Site Jiulongbi Jueshan Temple Shanxi Anji Shuishentang Datong Drum Tower Zhao Wuling Tomb Yunlin Temple Ancient Castle Han Group Wuguantun Grottoes Lubanyao Grottoes Ciyun Temple Datong Muslim Temple Kannonji Shanhua Temple Pingxingguan Campaign Site People Site Shanghuayan Temple Xiahuayan Temple Datong Coal Mine Exhibition Hall. Datong Museum Yong Gu Ling Lang Xie Kang Jinlong couple's Tomb SanHuang tomb Qi Empress's Tomb Yong Tomb Mazhuang han group Wanbang Tomb Yuan Shu Epitaph Beiyue Hengshan Datong Volcano Group Tangtou Hot Spring Wen Zi Lake Lingqiu Ancient Road Mining Liangshan Yungang National Forest Park Qingshan Longshan Store Ziliang Lingqiu Taohua Mountain.