Yanmenguan is divided into Dongguan and Xiguan, collectively known as Yanmenguan. It was called Beiling in ancient times; Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, known as Xiguan; In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was called Goujian plug; Wei and Jin Dynasties were divided into Dongguan and Xiguan. Historically, the danger of Yanmen was a national defense fortress for the Han to attack the Xiongnu, the Tang to defend the Turks, the Khitan of the Song Empire and the Ming to resist Walla. In ancient times, "Wild Goose Gate won the Central Plains, but Wild Goose Gate lost the world". When Qin Shihuang unified the six countries to build the Great Wall of Wan Li, the map recorded that "there are nine blocks in the world, headed by Yanmen". It used to be called plug, but now it is called off.
Now, it has developed into Yanmenguan tourist area with many unique scenic spots.
Bianjing Building in Daizhou. This building is15m higher than Jingbian Tower in Shanhaiguan and17m higher than Jiayuguan Tower. It is the largest wooden drum tower in China. There is a folk saying that "Daizhou Drum Tower is Yingzhou Tower and Zhengding Mansion Great Bodhisattva".
There are ancestral halls, Yang tombs and cities along the Great Wall. Among the 288 closed tombs, there are 288 generals who guarded the trilateral sacrifices in the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty for 400 years, which is the largest General Cemetery group in China and even in the world.
There is the longest authentic ancient Great Wall in the Great Wall, of which the most intact is 5033 meters. Beijing regards this section of the Great Wall as the foundation for the restoration of the Great Wall in the suburbs of Beijing.
Daizhou (today's Daixian) was the first state in the ancient Great Wall military war. Any state on the Great Wall, including sixteen states in Youyun, has more military wars than Daizhou. There are more than 130 battles here, which are only recorded in the royal official history; There are also more than 100 military incidents recorded in the annals of the new generation and the annals of the old generation.
The first ancient battlefield of the Great Wall. At present, there are 70 sites of military facilities in the six military defense systems of "two customs and four ports", "eighteen customs in Yanmen" and "thirty-nine castles and twelve cities", which are the treasure house of military war culture. The danger of the Great Wall here, even the geese circled three times in the air at this time, and then flew south, hence the name Yanmenguan.
In modern times, this used to be a famous battlefield. After the victory of the Red Army's Long March, it crossed the Yellow River eastward and reached the anti-Japanese front in Shanxi. 1 15 division ambushed the Japanese invaders at Pingxing Pass, one of the 18th Pass in Yanmen, and won a great victory. In addition, there were 120 Shihelong and Guan Xiangying Yanmenguan ambushes. 129 Division Chief Chen Xilian burned Yanmenguan Xiayangmingbao Airport. /kloc-0 In the autumn of 937, Zhu De, Peng and Yan Xishan successfully negotiated in the cave dwelling at Lingkou, Taihe, which set off a vigorous anti-Japanese climax in Shanxi. On April 6th 1948, Ren boarded Yanmenguan on the way from Yan 'an to Xibaipo.
You visited six ancient military defense facilities in Yanmenguan, namely, East Gate, West Gate, Taihe Lingkou, South Gate, Guangwu Pass and Baicaokou Pass, which made you deeply feel the vastness of ancient military defense projects and the exquisite skills of ancient craftsmen.
Today, it is a new tourist area with ancient frontier fortress culture, pass culture, war culture and military culture in northern China. More and more people come to Yanmenguan to experience the vicissitudes of Chinese culture for five thousand years. The Military History of Yanmenguan is also a 5,000-year-old national defense military article of China.
Overseas Edition of People's Daily (6th Edition, September 27th, 2006, 5438+0)