★ 1, Shang Yang Lixin
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Shang Yang's decree has been made, but it has not been published. I'm afraid people don't believe in themselves. Just at the south gate of the capital market, a 30-foot-long wood was erected. Whoever recruits people to move the wood to the north gate will be rewarded with 12 ounces of gold. People find it strange that no one dares to touch it. He also ordered: "whoever can move the wood to the north gate will be rewarded with 50 gold." A man moved the wood and immediately gave him fifty gold coins, indicating that he would never cheat. People knew that Zuo Shu's words were true, and finally a decree was issued.
Tian Deng is the county magistrate.
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As the magistrate of a county, Tian Deng gets angry when others say his name, and offenders will be flogged, so the people of the county call "light" "fire". Just as lanterns were hung on the Lantern Festival, officials posted a notice at the market saying, "The county has traditionally set fire for three days." Therefore, some people say that "only state officials can set fires, and people are not allowed to light lamps." Which means this.
★ 3. Calligrapher Ou Yangxun
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On one occasion, when Ou Yangxun was traveling, he saw an ancient stone tablet written by Suo Jing, a famous calligrapher in the Jin Dynasty. He stopped his horse to look at the stone tablet, and it was a long time before he left. He rode hundreds of steps back, got off his horse and stood in front of the monument to enjoy it. He felt tired, so he spread out his fur coat, sat down to watch it, stayed in front of the monument for three days, and left after three days.
★ 4. Ili sank
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There are no wells in Yili city, but they all take water from the river. A leader's assistant said: "Yellow sand is piled up in Gobi, and without water, grass and trees can't grow." There are many ancient trees in the city now. If there is no water under the roots, how can trees survive? "So I pulled up the tree, dug a well near the root, and got spring water, but it took a long rope to get water. Only then did I understand that it was not absurd to say that Yongzhou was thick and deep in water in ancient times.
★ 5. Chen Wannian's adopted son
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Chen Wannian, an important minister of North Korea, once fell ill and told his son Chen Xian to go to bed. Tell him the truth of being a man. Chen Xian dozed off in the middle of the night and hit his head on the screen. Chen Wannian was very angry and wanted to hit him with a stick. He scolded him and said, "Your father keeps telling you, but you doze off. You didn't listen to me. Why? " Chen Xian quickly knelt down and kowtowed to apologize and said, "I know what you mean. The main meaning is to teach me to kiss up. " Chen Wannian dare not speak any more.
★ 6, snake grass
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A long time ago, an old farmer was plowing the land and saw an injured snake lying there. There was a snake. He took a grass and put it on the snake's wound. A day later, the injured snake ran away. The old farmer picked up the remaining grass leaves and gave them to the man to treat the wound. They are all working. I didn't know the name of this grass, so I used "snake grass" as the name of the grass. "Bao Puzi" said: "A snake bite can cut off the finger." That's what I'm talking about.
★ 7. Chong Wang Expo
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Wang Chong lost his father when he was a child and was praised for his filial piety in the village. Later, he came to Beijing to study in imperial academy, and Ban Biao, a famous historian of Han Dynasty, became his teacher. Wang Chong likes reading extensively, but he doesn't memorize. Because his family is poor and has no books to read, he often walks around the bookstore in Luoyang, reading books sold by others, and he can remember and recite them after reading them once. After a long time, he became widely familiar with the works of many schools.
★ 8. Wang Xizhi's hexagonal fan
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Wang Xizhi was a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. I once saw an old woman selling hexagonal bamboo fans in Jishan. Wang Xizhi wrote five words on every fan she sold. At first, the old woman was a little angry. So Wang Xizhi said to the old woman, "You can sell it for 100 yuan as long as you say it was written by Wang Youjun." So the old woman did as he said, and (indeed) everyone rushed to buy fans. A few days later, the old woman came to Wang Xizhi with a fan. Wang Xizhi smiled and didn't answer.
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Whenever Gu travels, he needs many horses and mules to carry books. When you get to a dangerous place, ask the retired officers about the details here; Some of them are different from what they usually hear. Just open the books in the inn of the nearby market, check them and correct them. Sometimes walking directly in the plain wilderness, there is nothing to pay attention to, just silently watching the notes and proofs of various classic works on horseback; If you forget it carelessly, open the book in the inn of the nearby market and have a closer look.
★ 10, monk Lu Zhen became an official.
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Lu Sanzhen is an official and does not favor relatives. His nephew sells onions as a profession. Lu Sanzhen returned to his hometown to be an official, gave up selling onions and asked him to be an official in the state. Lu Sanzhen said: "I have undertaken a major task of the country and there is nothing I can do. You have a legitimate career, how can you ask for a job you don't deserve? You should hurry back to the onion shop. " Lu monk's hometown is in the north of the city, and there is a Du You mansion in front of it. The villagers suggested that he move the government office to expand his residence. Lu Sanzhen said angrily, "Du You is the official residence and has been here since its establishment. How can I move it to expand my private house? "
★ 1 1, tyranny is fiercer than tigers.
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Confucius passed by Mount Tai and saw a woman crying at the grave. Confucius put his hand on the armrest of the car and listened. He asked Luz to ask, "Listening to you cry is really like meeting sad things again and again." The woman went on to say, "Yes. My father-in-law was killed by a tiger before, and so was my husband. Now my son has died in the tiger's mouth. " Confucius asked, "Then why not leave here?" The woman replied, "There is no tyranny here." Confucius said to Luz: "Luz should remember that harsh tyranny is more fierce and terrible than a tiger!" " "
★ 12, to protect its short.
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There is a northerner who has never seen a water chestnut since he was born. When he was an official in the south, he once sat at a banquet and ate water chestnut. The man put his shell in his mouth to eat. Someone said, "You should peel the water chestnut." Trying to cover up his mistake, he said, "I'm not ignorant. Eating shells together is to clear away heat and detoxify! " The questioner asked again, "Is there a water chestnut in the north?" He said, "Where is the front mountain and the back mountain?" Water chestnut obviously grows in water, but northerners say it grows in soil, because he insists that what he doesn't know is the consequences of knowing.
★ 13, inkstone eye
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In the Ming Dynasty, there was a man named Lu Lufeng who was waiting for the appointment of the imperial court in Beijing. He once met a good inkstone in the market, and the price was controversial. When you get to the mansion, ask the servant to buy the inkstone for twenty taels of silver. The servant came back with an inkstone. Liu Lufeng was very surprised. This inkstone was not like the original one. The servant insisted that it was this inkstone. Lu Lufeng said, "The inkstone has starling eyes. Why not now? " The servant replied, "I don't like it to be a little convex." I happened to meet a stonemason on the road. Fortunately, I still have some money left, so I asked him to polish it to make it smooth. " Lu Lufeng is sorry. The reason is that the good place of this inkstone is in the eyes of myna.
★ 14, mifepristone
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Miffy is witty and curious about everything. In Zhou Zhen, Mi Fei visited Cai You on the boat, and Cai You took out his own collection of Wang Xizhi's Lue Wang Post to Mi Fei. Mi Fei was amazed at this painting and asked to exchange his painting for Lue Wang Post, which Cai You thought was very difficult. Miffy said, "If you don't listen to me, I don't want to live any longer, so I jumped into the river and died." So Miffy let out a cry, grabbed the ship's rail and tried to jump into the river. Cai You immediately gave him something.
★ 15, what's the relationship between Feng and He?
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Feng Xiang and Xiang are ministers who play an important role in North Korea. One day, he said to Fengxiang, "How much are your new boots worth?" Feng Xiang showed him his left foot and said, "900 coppers." Adan's temper is more urgent. He turned to a small official and said, "Why do I need 1800 copper coins for my boots?" So he scolded the little official and suspected him of corruption. Then Fengxiang slowly stretched out his right foot and said, "This is only 900 copper coins." Everyone around us burst into laughter.
★ 16, Zhang Puxue.
Zhang Pu loved studying since he was a child. The book he reads must be copied, copied, read aloud, and burned after reading. I continued to copy, and it lasted six or seven times before I stopped. Where he holds the pen in his right hand, there are calluses on his palm. Fingers are frozen and cracked in winter, so you have to soak in hot water several times a day. Later, he named the reading room "Seven Records". Zhang Pu is witty in poetry, and people from all walks of life ask him for poems. He didn't make a draft, but wrote it in front of the guests, and it took a short time because it was famous at that time.
★ 17, finger defect of shepherd boy
There is a man named Du in Sichuan who likes painting and calligraphy. There are hundreds of paintings and calligraphy works in his collection. One of them is a cow painted by Dai Song. He likes it very much and often takes it with him. One day, he was drying his own paintings and calligraphy. A shepherd boy saw this painting, clapped his hands and said with a smile, "This painting depicts a fighting cow. When a cow fights, its strength is concentrated in the corner, and its tail should be sandwiched between its two hind legs. But now it is painted as a cow wagging its tail to fight. " Du Mou smiled and thought that the shepherd boy was right. There is an old saying: "Ask a slave for farming and a handmaid for weaving." That's true.
★ 18, Emperor Taizong swallowed locusts.
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Zhenguan two years, the capital drought, locusts everywhere. When Emperor Taizong entered the garden to see the grain (damage), he saw locusts (above the seedlings) and caught several locusts. He said, "The people regard grain as their life, and if you eat it, it hurts the people. The people are guilty, and those sins are all on me. If you are really energetic, you can eat my heart and stop offending the people. " Will be swallowed. People around me advised, "I'm afraid you'll get sick if you eat it!" " Can't eat! "Emperor Taizong said," I only hope it will transfer the curse to me alone! Why run away from the disease? "
★ 19, eat porridge and feel at ease.
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Fan Zhongyan's family is poor. He is studying in Du Nan College. He cooks a pot of porridge every day. After a night of solidification, he cut it into four pieces with a knife, took two pieces in the morning and two pieces in the evening, and broke off dozens of pickled stems to eat. The left-behind son studied with him. (The left-behind son) went home to tell his father (about Fan Zhongyan) and (his father asked his son) to cook some delicious food for Fan Zhongyan. Fan Zhongyan put it aside, and soon all the food was rotten. The left-behind son was surprised (to Fan Zhongyan) and said, "My father heard that you live a light and poor life, so he sent these grains to eat. Why don't you eat them? " Fan Zhongyan said, "It's not that I don't thank you for your kindness. It's because I ate porridge for a long time, and now I suddenly enjoy a big meal. How can I eat this porridge again? "
★ 20, Luji Huaiju
Lu Ji was a scholar of the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. He once served as a satrap. Lu Ji went to Jiujiang to visit Yuan Shu when he was six years old. Yuan Shu ordered his servant to take out many oranges for Lu Ji. Lu Ji hid three oranges in his arms and thanked Yuan Shu on one knee when he said goodbye. Unexpectedly, these three oranges fell to the ground. Yuan Shu said with a smile, "Lu Ji, why did you hide the owner's oranges when you came to someone else's house?" Lu Ji knelt on the ground and replied, "This orange is very sweet. I want to hide it in my arms for my mother. " Yuan Shu said: "Lu Ji, you know how to honor your parents when you are so young. You must be a talent when you grow up." Yuan Shu thought the child was different, and later he often praised him.
2 1 Chen Yixiao
Chen Yi is very filial. His mother likes to eat crispy rice. When Chen Yi was a county magistrate, he always packed a bag. Whenever cooking, she stores the rice crust and takes it to her mother when she goes home. Later, Sun En thieves invaded Wu Jun, and Yuan, a civilian, was about to send troops to pacify it. At this time, Chen Yi had accumulated a few pots of rice crust, so he didn't have time to go home and went out with the army. The two sides fought in Shanghai, Yuan was defeated, the army was scattered, and they all fled to the forest swamp area. Without food, most people starved to death, but Chen Yi survived by rice crust. At that time, people thought it was a reward for people who were very filial.
22. Yan Zi answered Liang Qiu.
Liang Qiu said to Yanzi, "I'm afraid I can't catch up with you until I die!" Yan Zi said: "I have heard that people who work hard can often succeed, and those who work tirelessly can often reach their destinations. I don't have any special talent than others, but I always do.
23, Ban Chao from the ring.
Because of his poor family background, he was often employed by the government and made a living by copying books, which took a long time and was very hard. He once stopped his work, threw his pen aside and sighed, "As a gentleman, although he doesn't have any outstanding strategies, he always has to learn from Fu Jiezi and Zhang Qian, which have made great achievements abroad, in order to be promoted. How can he always make a living by doing this kind of pen and ink? " Colleagues around laughed at this. Ban Chao said: "How can ordinary people understand the mind of people with lofty ideals?" Later, he went to see a fortune teller, and the fortune teller said to him, "Dear senior, although you are an ordinary scholar, you will be shut out thousands of miles away in the future." Ban Chao wants to know. The fortune teller pointed to him and said, "Your chin is like a swallow, and your head and neck are like a tiger. Swallows can fly and tigers eat meat. This is the fate of Wan Li. " After a long time, Ming Di once asked Ban Gu, "Where is your brother now?" Ban Gu replied, "I am helping the government copy books to support my mother." So Ming Di appointed Ban Chao as an official of Lantai. Later, he was dismissed because he made a mistake.
24, Gu Rong moxibustion
When Gu Rong was in Luoyang, he was invited to dinner. (at the party) he found that the servant who was grilling had a desire for barbecue on his face and wanted to eat some pieces. So he picked up his share of barbecue and let the servants eat it. Everyone at the table laughed at his demeanour. Gu Rong said: "How can a person barbecue every day, so that even the barbecue can't taste?" Later, when the war broke out, a large number of people in the Jin Dynasty crossed the river to the south, whenever (Gu Rong)
In times of crisis, Gu Rong often had a person around him to protect him, so Gu Rong gratefully asked him why, only to know that he was a "hot figure" of that year.
Zu Ti smells chickens dancing.
At first, Zu Ti, a native of Fanyang, had great ambitions when he was young. He used to be the main book of Sizhou with Liu Kun, slept with Liu Kun, and heard chickens crow in the middle of the night. He kicked Liu Kun and said, "This is not a disgusting sound." So I got up and danced with my sword.
After crossing the river, Si Marui, the left prime minister, asked him to be a military adviser to offer a drink offering. Zu Ti lived in Jingkou, summoned brave men, and said to Si Marui, "The chaos in the state of Jin was not because the monarch had no choice, but because the imperial clan fought for power and profit, killing each other, which made Rong Di's people take advantage of the loopholes and spread the disaster throughout the Central Plains. Now the adherents of the Jin Dynasty have been devastated and weakened, and everyone is thinking about self-improvement. Your Majesty, if you can send generals and people like me to lead the army to recover the Central Plains, someone will respond to the news! " Si Marui never had the ambition of the Northern Expedition. After listening to Zu Ti's words, he appointed Zu Ti as General Wei Fen and the secretariat of Yuzhou, and gave him only one thousand people's rations and three thousand pieces of cloth, without supplying armor and weapons, so that Zu Ti could find a way to raise it himself.
Zu Ti led his own private army * * * 100 families across the Yangtze River, paddled on the river and swore: "If Zu Ti can't make the Central Plains clear and recover successfully, it will be like a big river!" So he stationed in Huaiyin, built furnaces and cast weapons, and recruited more than 2,000 people to move on.
26 the peasant woman and the emu
Once upon a time, there was a peasant woman in southern Anhui. When she was collecting firewood by the river, she vaguely (inadvertently) heard birds singing, as if she were moaning. When she looked carefully, it was a wild duck. When the peasant woman approached it, she saw that its two wings were covered with blood and suspected that it was injured. The peasant woman took the wild duck home and treated it for ten days. The wound has healed. When (the wild duck) left, she nodded to the farmer frequently, as if thanking her. After about a month, dozens of wild ducks came to live in the farmer's garden and laid many eggs every day. The farmer couldn't bear to take them to the market to sell, so he hatched them and hatched flocks of ducklings. In the second year, the farmer's family lived a well-off life, which turned out to be the reward of the injured wild duck.
27 min ziqian
Min Zikai and his younger brother * * *, after his mother died, his father married his stepmother, and her stepmother gave birth to two sons. Min Zikai lost the reins while driving a horse for his father. His father held his hand and found his hands cold and his clothes thin. When the father went back, he called his stepmother's son and held his hand. His hands are warm and he wears thick clothes. He said to his wife, "I married you for my son. Now you have deceived me and neglected my son. Go away and don't stay in my house. " Zi Qian stepped forward and said, "If my mother stays at my house, only my son will catch cold; If mother leaves us, all four sons will catch a cold. "His father didn't say a word, and he was silent for a long time. His stepmother regretted what she had done.
28 Yi Zhao Liang
Zhao Liang is from Hebei. Wandering in rivers and lakes is as evil as hatred. One day, when I passed by Xie Zhuang and heard crying, I hurried into the thatched cottage and saw a girl unkempt and sad. Zhao Liang asked her what happened, only to know that she was bullied and insulted by two hooligans in a village, and she was miserable. In anger, Zhao Liang couldn't help it. He went straight to the village, found two villains and asked them, "Why do you bully and insult girls who are not at fault?" A little man greedily said, "What's it to you?" Zhao Liang glared and scolded: "You are not a person, you are an animal." Before the schoolyard bullies could draw their swords, Zhao Liang's sharp blade had been inserted into his heart and fell to the ground. Another rogue knelt down and begged for mercy. Zhao Liang cut off the rogue's ear to warn everyone, warning him not to do evil again.
29 Chen Jian suggested Godson.
Chen Jian, a Song Dynasty man, suggested that there was a bad horse at home, and it was violent and no one could control it. He kicked and bit people many times. One day, he went into the stable and didn't see the horse, so he asked the servant, "Why is that horse missing?" The servant said that Chen Yaozi sold the horse to a businessman. Chen Yaozi is the son of Chen Jianyi (then a bachelor of Hanlin). Yu Shi immediately called his son and said, "You are an important official in the DPRK, and your family can't control this horse. How can a businessman raise it? " You're passing the curse on to others! "Chen Jianyi quickly ordered people to chase the businessman, bring the horse back and return the money to the businessman. He warned his servant to keep the horse until he died. At that time, people praised Chen's suggestion as an ancient benevolent policy.
Plot translation
Yaozi sells horses: In the Northern Song Dynasty, Chen Yaozi, a scholar of Hanlin, liked to raise horses, and many horses were raised at home. Later, he bought a bad horse. The bad horse has a bad temper and can't control it. It kicks and bites many people.
One morning, Chen Yaozi's father went into the stable, didn't see the bad horse, and asked the groom, "Why is this horse missing?" The groom said that Hanlin had sold the horse to a businessman.
Chen Yaozi's father asked, "Why did the businessman buy this horse?"
The person in charge of the horse said, "I heard it was bought for delivery."
Chen Yaozi's father asked again, "Did Hanlin tell the businessman that this is a bad horse?"
The man in charge of the horse said, "hey, sir, if I tell that businessman that this horse bites and kicks people, will people still buy it?"
Father Chen said angrily, "It's outrageous to dare to lie." Say that finish angrily turned and left. Father Chen found his son and asked, "Did you sell that bad horse?"
Chen proudly said, "Yes, it sold for a good price!" " "
Father said angrily, "Bastard, as an important official of the imperial court, you dare to lie."
Chen said, "Dad, I didn't force him to buy it. This horse is of his own choice. If he is willing to buy it, I will sell it. This is not lying to him. "
The father asked again, "Then why didn't you tell him it was a bad horse?"
Chen Yaozi muttered, "it's not my fault, the horse is to let him look casually. He can't see that it is fierce. "
Father is even more angry: "where have you been reading for so many years?" Haven't you heard the story "Don't bully the buyer?"
The son shook his head. Father said, "It's all my fault. When you were young, I was busy teaching you to read and recite, and seldom taught you how to be a man. Now I'll make up lessons for you and teach you how to be a man. During the reign of Wu Zetian in the Tang Dynasty, there was a prime minister named Lu. He wants to sell the house in Luoyang, Tokyo, and the formalities are all done, just waiting for the buyer to pay. When the buyer came to pay the money, Lu said that the house was good everywhere, except where there was no water. Hearing this, the man immediately said that he would not buy a house. After the buyer left, his sons and nephews complained about him, but he said, you are so strange. Can you cheat others? "
The son bowed his head in shame. Father went on to say, "You have so many master trainers that you can't control that horse. How can a traveling businessman stay? " Aren't you obviously cheating others by not telling him? "
Chen Yaozi said with shame, "Father, don't be angry. I know I made a mistake. I'll get the horse dealer back. "
So Chen Yaozi personally found the merchant who bought the horse, explained the reason, returned the money to the buyer, brought the horse back by himself, and kept the horse until he died of old age.
Ouyang Xiu studied hard.
Ouyang Xiu lost his father when he was four years old. His family is poor and has no money to go to school. His mother painted on the beach with a reed pole and taught him to write in this way. And taught him to read many ancient chapters. When I was old and had no books to read at home, I went to a scholar's house in the village to borrow books and read them, and sometimes copied them. I can recite it before I finish copying it. So that I forget to eat and sleep day and night, just devote myself to my study. The poetic articles he wrote since childhood are as literary as those written by adults.
3 1 Liu Bei entrust an orphan
In the spring of the third year of Wu, the late Lord (Liu Bei) was more seriously ill than Yong 'an. Zhuge Liang was called to Chengdu and authorized to deal with the aftermath. (Liu Bei) said to Zhuge Liang, "Your talent is ten times that of Cao Pi, and you will surely stabilize the country and eventually achieve great things. If the heir can help him, help him. If he can't become useful, call himself an emperor. " Zhuge Liang cried and said, "I will defend my country to the death!" " The old gentleman in the imperial palace issued another imperial edict, ordering Sir Zhong to treat the Prime Minister like a father. In the first year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang was named Hou of Wuxiang and began to govern the country. Later, Zhuge Liang was appointed as Yizhou Pastor. The details of political affairs are decided by Zhuge Liang. Several counties in the south and the middle joined forces to rebel. Zhuge Liang did not go to war easily because Liu Bei had just died. Instead, he sent messengers to Wu to pay the dowry, and married them and became friendly neighbors.
In the spring of three years, Zhuge Liang led a great army south, and in the autumn, all the rebellions were put down. Armed with sufficient equipment, the country is rich, so it began to practice martial arts in order to enter the Central Plains on a large scale in the future. In five years, he led the troops of various ministries to the north and stationed in Hanzhong. When he was leaving, he published this model.
Song Taizong Studies Books.
When Song Taizong was in power, a man named Wang Zhu learned Wang Xizhi's calligraphy and got its essence. He works as a library assistant in the Hanlin Academy. In addition to dealing with political affairs, the emperor also paid attention to practicing calligraphy. On several occasions, he sent eunuchs to show Wang Zhu his own calligraphy. Every time Wang Zhu said he didn't learn well, Emperor Taizong paid more attention to copying. He asked Wang Zhu with calligraphy, and Wang Zhu's answer was the same as at the beginning. When someone asked him about his intention, Wang Zhu said, "Although he wrote well, you said (his handwriting) well so quickly, and I am afraid that the Holy Family will not pay attention to calligraphy any more." From then on, the emperor's calligraphy was superb, surpassing the ancient times, which was considered as the benefit of Wang Zhu's encouragement.
33. Fan Zhongyan went on strike
When Fan Zhongyan was in charge of Yizhou, in his spare time, he led his men to the rostrum to prepare banquets. Before raising his glass, he saw several people in mourning preparing for the funeral. He sent someone to ask urgently, and learned that the scholar who lived abroad died in Yizhou, ready to be buried in the neighboring suburbs, and the funeral of his family was not ready. Fan Zhongyan showed his frustration and immediately withdrew from the banquet, giving them a lot of money to help them clean up. Therefore, the guests present lamented, and some even moved to tears.
At the end of the semester, be eager to study and be diligent.
At the end of the semester, he was fourteen years old and had no regular teacher to study. He is not afraid of travelling long distances and obstacles (looking for a teacher) with a book box on his back. He often said, "How can people succeed if they don't study?" Sometimes he weaves thatch into a hut near the bamboo forest, cuts Vitex negundo into a pen, and carves the tree juice into ink; At night, I read under the starlight of the moon. At night, I light the tied Artemisia to illuminate myself. When reading a book, write it on your clothes and record those experiences. The students admire his diligence and exchange clean clothes with him in turn (to see what he wrote). When he died, he warned: "A person likes learning, even if he dies, he still lives in people's hearts;" Those who refuse to learn, even if they are alive, are only living dead.
35. Yellow
Taizhou satrap Tian Xue's xiaosheng is an honest official. Huang dealt with him first and never asked him for personal help. Later, Tian Xue's niche was just an official, so he couldn't go home without money. Huang Xian petticoat was about to go home, with twenty taels of silver. So I went to Tian Xue's residence first and gave him half of my money. Later, Huang said to others, "If I had gone home first that day, I wouldn't have been able to give the money to Tian Xue's students, because the family needed money very much."