Dachun (the first solar term of each year is "Beginning of Spring", people usually call it "Dachun". Why is it called so? There is such a custom in the history of our country. On the day of Beginning of Spring every year, people wear Wearing festive costumes, they carried a large paper cow and paraded through the streets with singing and dancing. After the parade, the paper cow was carried to the county government hall, where it was whipped three times by the county magistrate himself, which means: the earth. Rejuvenate the spring and cultivate quickly. Therefore, people call the beginning of spring "spring")
There is a popular folk song in Shanxi: "The spring breeze blows, the spring river flows. Spring people drink spring wine, and spring officials whip." "Spring Cow." It talks about the grand occasion of Spring Cow hunting.
[Edit this paragraph] Qingming Festival
The day before Cold Food Qingming Festival
(a festival in old customs, the day before Qingming Festival [one explanation before Qingming Festival] Two days]. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Prince Chong'er of Jin State, who had been in exile for many years, returned to his country and ascended the throne [i.e. Duke Wen of Jin]. He rewarded the officials who had died with him, except for Jie Zitui, who then lived in seclusion in Mianshan [today's Shanxi Province] with his mother. Southeast of Jiexiu County]. After learning about it, Duke Wen of Jin wanted to increase the reward and went to Mianshan, but he couldn't find him, so he wanted to burn the mountain to force him out, but Jie Zitui refused, and both mother and son were burned to death. Duke Wen then stipulated that people were prohibited from setting fires and cooking on this day every year, so as to express their condolences with cold food. Later, the custom of eating cold food and visiting graves on this day was formed.)
Qingming Festival is the eighth day of the third lunar month.
(Qingming Festival is a traditional festival in my country and the most important sacrificial festival. It is a day for worshiping ancestors and sweeping tombs. Tomb-sweeping, commonly known as visiting graves, is an activity to worship the dead. Most Han people and some ethnic minorities sweep tombs on Qingming Festival. According to According to the old custom, when sweeping the tomb, people should bring wine, food, fruits, paper money and other items to the cemetery, offer the food in front of the tomb of their relatives, burn the paper money, plant new soil on the tomb, break a few green branches and insert them on the tomb. Then he kowtows and worships, and finally goes home after eating wine and food. The poem "Qingming" by Du Mu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty: "It rains heavily during the Qingming Festival, and pedestrians on the road want to die. May I ask where the restaurant is? The shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village." The Qingming Festival is also called the Outing Festival. According to the solar calendar, it falls between April 4th and 6th every year, when the spring scenery is beautiful and the grass is green. It is also a good time for people to go on spring outings (called outings in ancient times), so the ancients had the custom of going outing during the Qingming Festival and carrying out a series of sports activities)
The Dragon Boat Festival is the fifth day of the fifth lunar month
(The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the "Dragon Boat Festival". The original name of "Dragon Boat Festival" is "Duanwu", and "Duanwu" means the beginning. "Five" and "Wu" are homophonic to each other and are common. It is an ancient festival in my country. After Qu Yuan, the earliest patriotic poet in ancient my country, was slandered and exiled, he witnessed the increasingly corrupt politics of Chu State, was unable to realize his political ideals, and was unable to save the dying motherland, so he threw himself into the Miluo River to die for his country. After eating their corpses, they made cakes of various shapes with glutinous rice and flour and threw them into the middle of the river. This later became the origin of eating rice dumplings and fried cakes during the Dragon Boat Festival.
- -- Qingfeng smiles with pride.
Poetry:
May 5th (Mei Yaochen)
The people of Chu cannot bear to mourn. /p>
How can you resist slander, just want to kill the dragon?
The hatred of the past is not forgotten, but the traces of the past are gone.
The blue water of Yuanxiang should illuminate itself for thousands of years. Peak.
And the Dragon Boat Festival (Zhang Lei)
The Dragon Boat Festival (Li Longji of the Tang Dynasty)
The Dragon Boat Festival is approaching midsummer, and the clear days are getting longer.
The salt and plum blossoms have been added to the tripod, and the rice dumplings have been passed down to the wine table.
The traces of the ancients have been traced over the years.
When Xuan knew about the luxuriance of the hibiscus, he came to know the water. Reed fragrance.
All the billions of people will live together for a long time, and the public will ensure prosperity.
Loyalty and loyalty will bring disaster to future generations.
Poetry on the Race (Lu Zhao, Tang Dynasty)
I have lived in Shixi for a long time and thought about the Dragon Boat Festival. I watched the engine in front of the post building.
When the rhinoceros is beating, there is a faint thunder, and there is a slight snow on the top of the beast's head.
The people rushing to stand out from the waves rush together, and the birds leaping over the waves compete to be the first to retreat.
Xiang Dao was not convinced by Long Gang, and he indeed won the championship.
Yimao Chongwu Poem by Lu You (Southern Song Dynasty)
Chongwu Mountain Village is good, but the durian flowers have suddenly become numerous.
The rice dumpling bun is divided into two buns, and the moxa is tied with a dangerous crown.
Old common prescriptions store medicine, and people who are sick also take elixirs.
As the sun sets, I finish my work and smile at the cup and plate.
Qilu Dragon Boat Festival (Lao She)
The Dragon Boat Festival happens to be windy and rainy, and the village children are still wearing old clothes;
Invite each other to carry coir raincoats and brave the deep mud Love Caotang;
There are guests who treat each other as flesh and blood, but have no money to buy wine and sell articles;
In those days, this gathering had three feet of fish, and it was not as fragrant as today's beans.
Huanxi Sand (Song Dynasty, Su Shi)
Light sweat slightly penetrates the blue sky. In the Ming Dynasty, people bathed in orchids during the Dragon Boat Festival.
The flowing fragrance fills Qingchuan. The colorful thread is lightly wrapped around the ruby ??arm, and the small talisman is hung diagonally on the green cloud servant girl. Beautiful women meet each other for a thousand years.
Bodhisattva Man (Song Dynasty, Chen Yuyi)
The fragrant millet in the bag is divided into corners. If you cut the colorful silk, you will have to hand over the velvet rope. The bottles are filled with calamus. Early May every year. The master is kind and righteous. He doted on Jing Cheng. What day will I play the mountain home? Three or four flowers of Artemisia annua.
Yu Jia Ao (Ouyang Xiu, Song Dynasty)
The pomegranate flowers are gorgeous in May.
The green poplar trees are covered with heavy rain. Five-color new silk wrapped horn rice dumplings. Delivered on a gold plate. Raw silk painted fan plate with double phoenixes. It is the season of bath orchids. Calamus wine is beautiful and pure. There is a hint of Huangli in the leaves. Yousong easily broke through the screen window dream.
Dragon Boat Festival (Wenxiu)
Who said the Dragon Boat Festival is divided into festivals? It is rumored to be Qu Yuan throughout the ages.
It is laughable that the Chu River is so indistinct that it cannot wash away the grievances of the direct ministers.
[Edit this paragraph] Chinese Valentine's Day
The seventh day of the seventh lunar month
(The night of the seventh day of the seventh lunar month is called "Chinese Valentine's Day". According to Chinese folklore, the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl celebrate this day. They met at the Magpie Bridge on the Tianhe River at night. Later, there was a custom of women threading needles to Vega to beg for skills at night. The so-called begging for skills is to thread needles with colorful threads towards Vega under the moonlight. If they can pass through seven needle eyes of different sizes, it is considered very good. "What a coincidence." A farmer's proverb says, "The seventh day of July is bright and clear, and the sickle is ready to harvest the rice." This is the time to sharpen the sickle and prepare to harvest the early rice)
[Edit this section] Respect for the Aged Day
p>The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the traditional Double Ninth Festival in my country. It is also the Respect for the Aged Day in China. In 1989, our country designated September 9th as the Elderly Day every year. Tradition and modernity are cleverly combined to become a festival for the elderly who respect, respect, love and help the elderly.
Every time the Double Ninth Festival comes, people will think of Wang Wei's poem "I am a stranger in a foreign land, and I miss my family even more during the festive season. I know that my brothers are climbing to the heights, and there is one less person left planting dogwoods everywhere." This poem . Since ancient times, the Double Ninth Festival has been a day for people to respect and love their elders, miss their parents, and long for reunion.
Historically, there was also a saying that the 13th day of the seventh lunar month was the Respect for the Aged Day, but it was revised in 1989.
[Edit this paragraph] Mid-Autumn Festival
Lunar Calendar August 15
(The 15th day of August in the lunar calendar, this day is in the middle of autumn, so it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival". At night, the full moon is fragrant and the old people regard it as a symbol of reunion. It is a festival to enjoy the moon and eat moon cakes. According to legend, in the last years of the Yuan Dynasty, the people wrote the date of the uprising on a piece of paper in order to overthrow the brutal Yuan Dynasty. Put them in mooncake fillings to secretly pass them to each other, calling for everyone to revolt on August 15th. Finally, a nationwide peasant uprising broke out on this day, overthrowing the decadent Yuan Dynasty rule. Since then, the custom of eating mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival has continued. It spread more widely)
"The Moon on the 15th of August" by Tang Du Fu
The full moon flies into the mirror and returns to the heart to fold the sword.
Wandering around the earth is far away, climbing the osmanthus and looking up to the sky.
There is suspicion of frost and snow on the waterway, and feathers can be seen in the forest.
Looking at the white rabbit at this time, I want to count the hair.
"Playing with the Moon in Taoyuan on August 15th Night" by Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynasty
Seeing the moon in the dust makes me feel at ease, especially in the Qingqiu Fairy Mansion.
The condensed light and long cold dew fall, standing on the highest mountain at this time.
There are no clouds in the blue sky, and there is no wind, and there are pines growing on the mountains and water flowing down from the mountains.
Looking at the group of animals leisurely, the sky is as high as the sky and the sky is thousands of miles apart.
The young master led me to the jade altar and invited me to the real immortal official.
The clouds are about to move under the stars, and Tianle makes a sound that makes his muscles and bones feel cold.
The golden clouds and clouds gradually move eastward, and the shadows of the wheel are still seen frequently.
Beautiful scenery and good times are hard to come by again, so he should feel melancholy on this day.
"Looking at the Moon in the Pavilion on the Night of August 15th" by Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty
On the night of August 15th of that year, I was at the apricot garden beside the Qujiang Pool.
On the night of August 15th this year, in front of the Shatou Water Museum in Penpu.
Looking to the northwest, where is my hometown? To the southeast, I can see how full the moon is.
No one could catch the wind yesterday, but tonight the light is as clear as in previous years.
Tangpi Rixiu's "Guizi on the Night of August 15th in Tianzhu Temple"
The jade stone fell under the moon, and a new dew was found in front of the temple.
Nothing happens in heaven so far, it should be thrown to people by Chang'e.
"Seeing the Moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival and Ziyou" by Su Shi of the Song Dynasty
The bright moon is not yet high in the mountains, and the auspicious light is thousands of feet long.
The silver cup is not empty yet, and the chaotic clouds break away like crashing waves.
Whoever washes his eyes for God should use thousands of dendrobium water from Minghe River.
So I looked coldly at the people in the world, and I couldn't bear to look at Zhanran.
The sparks in the southwest are like projectiles, and the horns and tails are bright and clear.
Tonight I can’t see anything, but the fireflies are fighting to clear away the cold.
Who made a boat in Bian yesterday? Thousands of lights made fish and dragons change at night.
Turning and carelessly chasing the waves, going to the festival with a low head and following the song board.
The green light disappears before turning to the mountain, and the waves and winds will not be strong again.
The bright moon is easy to be low and people are easy to disperse. When you return to drink, you will pay more attention to it.
The moonlight in front of the hall becomes clearer and clearer, and the dew grass hums in the cold throat.
No one is around when the roller blinds are pushed open. Only Old Chu is mute under the window.
Don’t be ashamed of poverty in Nandu, and there are several people who write poems about the moon.
The personnel affairs of the Ming Dynasty follow the sunrise, and suddenly I have a dream of a Yaotai guest.
"Climbing a Tower to Look at the Moon during the Mid-Autumn Festival" by Mi Fu of the Song Dynasty
The Huaihai Sea is as full as silver, and thousands of rainbow lights nurture the treasures of clams.
If there is no moon door in the sky, the cassia branches will damage the westward wheel
[Edit this paragraph] Double Ninth Festival
The ninth day of the ninth lunar month
The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the traditional Double Ninth Festival.
The Double Ninth Festival is also called "Double Nine Festival" and "Old Man's Day" because the ancient "Book of Changes" defines "six" as a yin number and "nine" as a yang number. On September 9th, the sun and moon merge into yang. The two nines coincide with each other, so it is called the Double Ninth Festival, also called the Double Ninth Festival. The ancients considered it an auspicious day worth celebrating, and they began celebrating this festival very early. Activities to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival are colorful and romantic, and generally include activities such as traveling to enjoy the scenery, climbing high to overlook, viewing chrysanthemums, planting dogwood trees, eating Double Ninth cakes, drinking chrysanthemum wine, etc. The Double Ninth Festival has the same pronunciation as "Jiujiu", and nine is the largest number among numbers, which has the meaning of longevity. Moreover, autumn is also the golden season of harvest. The Double Ninth Festival has far-reaching meanings. People have always had a special attachment to this festival. Regarding emotions, there are many excellent poems in Tang and Song Dynasty poems celebrating the Double Ninth Festival and chanting chrysanthemums.
It is said that during the Eastern Han Dynasty, Fei Changfang told Huan Ying, a native of Runan, that there would be a great disaster in Runan on September 9th. He quickly asked his family to sew a small bag with dogwood inside and tie it to his arm. Climb high mountains and drink chrysanthemum wine to seek refuge. Huan Jing's family went hiking that day and returned home at night. Sure enough, all the chickens, dogs, and sheep in the family died. Since then, folk customs have included making dogwood bags, drinking chrysanthemum wine, holding temple fairs, and climbing mountains during the Double Ninth Festival. Because "gao" and "cake" have the same sound, there is a custom of eating "Double Ninth Cake" during the Double Ninth Festival. Wang Wei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Reminiscing about Shandong Brothers on September 9th": "I am a stranger in a foreign land, and I miss my relatives even more during the holidays. I know from afar that my brothers have climbed to a high place, and there is one less person planting dogwood trees everywhere." It records the events at that time. Customs and habits. Because of the sincere feelings of the poem, it is still popular today.
[Edit this paragraph] Winter Solstice
November 22 of the lunar calendar
(In ancient my country, the winter solstice was taken very seriously, and the winter solstice was regarded as a major event. There used to be a saying that "the winter solstice is as big as the new year", and there is a custom of celebrating the winter solstice. The "Book of Han" says: "The yang energy of the winter solstice rises, so the emperor congratulates you." People believe that after the winter solstice, there will be one day in the day. It is longer than the day, and the Yang Qi is rising, which is the beginning of a solar cycle and an auspicious day that should be celebrated. The "Book of Jin" records that "the Winter Solstice in the Wei and Jin Dynasties is praised by all nations and officials... Its ceremony is inferior to that of Zhengdan." In ancient times, the Winter Solstice was valued.
Nowadays, some places still celebrate the Winter Solstice as a festival. In the north, there is a custom of slaughtering sheep and eating dumplings and wontons on this day. There is also the custom of making rice dumplings and noodles during the Winter Solstice in various regions on the day of the Winter Solstice. Eight
In ancient times, the name of the "gods" worshiped in December was called December, so the December in the lunar calendar was called the December month. On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, it is customary to drink Laba porridge. Legend has it that Sakyamuni attained enlightenment and became a Buddha on this day. In order to praise Sakyamuni's merits, a grand Buddhist meeting will be held in the temple to commemorate it. Incense will be burned to worship the Buddha, and bells and drums will beat together to cook porridge and offer it to the Buddha. During the Laba Festival, the coldest day in the north, people cook Laba porridge with whole grains and dried fruits and eat it on the morning of the festival. There are at least eight kinds of raw materials for making Laba porridge. The ingredients used vary from place to place, generally including rice, millet, glutinous rice, barley, wheat, barley, red beans, mung beans, kidney beans, lotus seeds, ginkgo, peanuts, longan, almonds, melon seeds, raisins, red dates, chestnuts, preserved fruits, etc. . In addition, there are folk methods for making salty Laba porridge, meaty Laba porridge and other raw materials. In addition to drinking Laba porridge, people in the north also worship their ancestors on this day and look forward to a good harvest and good weather in the coming year. During the Laba Festival, in order to welcome the arrival of the New Year, people begin to prepare food for the coming New Year on this day, making Laba vinegar, soaking Laba garlic, bacon, duck, fish and other foods. Later, it became a custom among the people until today.
[Edit this paragraph] Little New Year's Eve
The Stove Sacrifice Festival, the Stove Sacrifice Day, is commonly known as "Celebrating the Little New Year", also known as the Little New Year, Little New Year's Day, Little New Year's Day, etc.
Twenty-three of the twelfth lunar month. People call it "Little Year", which means that the year is coming to an end.
In the past, the Small New Year was celebrated on the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month. Day, for Taoist monks is the twenty-fifth day. Nowadays, most people in northern areas celebrate the Small New Year on the 23rd.
The main folk activity during the Little New Year is "Citing the Stove". It is "Sacrifice to the Stove King". The Kitchen King is also called "Kitchen King", and among the people, he is called "Kitchen Lord".
[Edit this paragraph] Traditional Festival Table
The following festivals are not specified and are calculated according to the lunar calendar (also known as the summer calendar and the lunar calendar):
1. The first month The Spring Festival on the first day of the lunar month has more than 30 names in ancient times such as Yuanri, New Year's Day, Yuanzheng, Yuanchen, Yuanshuo, Sanyuan, Sanchao, Sanzheng, Zhengdan, Zhengshuo etc.
2. The fifth day of the first lunar month God’s Birthday
3. The Lantern Festival (Lantern Festival) on the 15th day of the first lunar month
4. The Spring Dragon Festival on the second day of the second lunar month is also called the Dragon Head-Raising Qinglong Festival
5. Flower Festival on February 15th
6. Cold Food Festival the day before Qingming Festival
7. Shangsi Festival on March 3rd. Legend has it that the Queen Mother held a peach party
< p>8. Tomb-Sweeping Day, fifteen days after the Spring Equinox (currently April 5th in the Gregorian calendar)9. Buddha’s Birthday on the eighth day of April, also known as the Ox Festival. After this day, the Cow Festival Go to the ground.
10. Dragon Boat Festival on the fifth day of May
11. Summer Solstice Festival
12. Sunshine Festival on June 6th "On June 6th, the sun will be red green.
"Aunt's Day" "June 6th, invite aunties" was another festival in ancient times, called Tiankuang (meaning gift) Festival. June 6th was also a festival in Buddhist temples, called the Bible Interpretation Festival.
13. July 7th, commonly known as Chinese Valentine's Day, July 7th, Qiqiao Festival
14. July 15th, Ghost Festival, Bon Festival. < /p>
15. Ksitigarbha Festival on July 30th
16. Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th
17. Double Ninth Festival on September 9th
18. October dynasty on the first day of October, also known as the Ancestor Worship Festival
19. Xiayuan Festival on October 15th
20. November 22 Winter Solstice
21. Laba Festival on December 8
22. Stove Sacrifice Festival on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, the Stove Sacrifice Day, commonly known as "off-year", also known as off-year, Small New Year's Eve, Small New Year's Day
23, the last day of the twelfth lunar month, New Year's Day, New Year's Day, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, etc., the folk call it New Year's Eve , New Year's Eve
There are also birthdays of several saints:
Guan Di's birthday: June 24
The birthday of the most holy teacher Confucius: August 27th
The Birthday of the Most Holy Master Cangjie: March 28th
Lu Bangong’s Birthday: June 13th (the seventh day of May)
< p>Fuxi’s birthday: May 13th (the legendary birthday of the dragon)Yandi Shennong’s birthday: April 26th
Huangdi’s birthday: February 2nd
>Zhuge Kongming’s birthday: July 23rd
Mencius’s birthday: April 2nd
Yue Fei’s birthday: February 15th
Laozi’s birthday : February 15th
Sakyamuni Buddha’s birthday: April 8th
Qu Yuan’s birthday: lunar January 21st
Sixth Patriarch Huineng’s birthday: February 8th
Attachment 1:
Sacrifice the stove on the 23rd/24th of the twelfth lunar month
Take a bath on the 27th/28th of the twelfth lunar month
The twelfth lunar month Twenty-ninth Little New Year's Eve
On the second day of the first lunar month, worship the God of Wealth
On the third day of the first lunar month, burn paper for the door god/Millet's birthday/Little New Year's Eve
The fifth day of the first lunar month is commonly known as Po Wu folk custom It is said that many taboos in the past five years can be broken on this day
On the seventh day of the first lunar month, you can spread pancakes and eat Qibao soup. It is also known as "People's Victory Festival", "People's Festival", "Population Day", "Seven Days for People"
The eighth day of the first lunar month/the day when the stars of the Shunxing descend to the lower realm are also called "sacrifice to the stars" and "receive the stars"
The birthday of the stone on the tenth day of the first lunar month is "Shi Bu" "Move" "Ten motionless" Rat marries a girl
Attachment 2: Other festivals:
"Half-year Festival" includes June 15th, June 14th, June Those on June 5th and June 5th are also said to be on the first day of June!
Guanyin’s birthday: February 19th, June 19th, September 19th, November 19th, Guanyin Bodhisattva The belief in Buddhism has gone beyond the scope of Buddhism. It is a culture and a wish!
Every year, the 23rd day of the third lunar month is Mazu’s birthday!
Early July One day, commonly known as Kaiximen
Cangcang Festival: a traditional Chinese Han folk sacrificial festival, which falls on the 25th day of the first lunar month. Also called Tiancang Festival and Tiancang Festival, it is a festival for worshiping the God of Cang.
[Edit this paragraph] Traditional Chinese festivals in Chinese and English
1. Spring Festival (the first day of the first lunar month) Spring Festival; Chinese New Year's Day
2 . Lantern Festival (the fifteenth day of the first lunar month) Lantern Festival
3. Tomb-sweeping Festival (April 5) Tomb-Sweeping Day
4. Dragon Boat Festival (the fifth day of the fifth lunar month) ) Dragon Boat Festival
5. Mid-Autumn (Moon) Festival (August 15th in the lunar calendar) Mid-Autumn (Moon) Festival
6. Double Ninth Festival (September 9th in the lunar calendar) Double-ninth Day
7.. New Year's Eve (the 30th day of the twelfth lunar month) Zhuanxu, one of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, has a history of more than 5,000 years. The word "New Year's Day" first appeared in the "Book of Jin": "Emperor Zhuan took the first month of Mengxia as the Yuan Dynasty, which is actually the spring of New Year's Day in Zhengshuo". During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the poem "Jie Ya" written by Xiao Ziyun, a literary historian of the Southern Dynasties, also recorded that "the four seasons have a new New Year's Day, and the Wanshou Early Spring Dynasty". The "First Month" entry in volume 1 of Wu Zimu's "Mengliang Lu" of the Song Dynasty: "The first day of the first lunar month is called New Year's Day, and it is commonly known as the New Year. This is the first of the first of the first year-old festivals."; in Cui Yuan's "Sanzi Chai Ming" of the Han Dynasty, it is called "Yuanzheng"; it was called "Yuanchen" in Yu Chan's "Yangdu Fu" of the Jin Dynasty; it was called "Yuanchun" in a piece of "Yuanhui Daxiangge Huang Xia Ci" in the Northern Qi Dynasty; it was called "Yuanchun" in Tang Dezong and Li Shi's "Yuanri" It is called "Yuan Shuo" in the poem "Retreating from the DPRK to Watch the Army and Return to Camp"
During the excavation of Dawenkou cultural relics, our country found a picture of the sun rising from the top of the mountain with clouds and smoke in the middle. After research, this is the oldest way of writing the character "Dan" in my country. Later, the simplified pictogram of "Dan" appeared on the bronze inscriptions of the Yin and Shang Dynasties.
The word "Dan" is represented by the round sun. The word "一" under "日" means horizon, which means the sun is rising slowly from the horizon.
Chinese New Year's Day has always referred to the first day of the first lunar month of the lunar calendar (lunar calendar, lunar calendar). Yuan means "beginning" and "beginning", and Dan refers to "days". New Year's Day collectively refers to the "initial days", which is the first day of the year. There are different names in various Chinese dialects, some are called "New Year's Day", some are called "Datian New Year's Day", some are called "New Year's Day", and generally they are called "New Year's Day".
The date on which the first day of the first lunar month was counted was also very inconsistent before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Therefore, the month and day of New Year's Day in the past dynasties are not consistent. The lunar calendar of the Xia Dynasty took Meng Xi month (Yuan month) as the first month, the Yin calendar of the Shang dynasty took the twelfth month (December) as the first month, and the Zhou calendar of the Zhou dynasty took the winter month (November) as the first month. After Qin Shihuang unified China, he took Yangchun month (October) as the first month, that is, the first day of October as New Year's Day. Starting from Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Meng Xiyue (January) was designated as the first month, and the first day of Meng Xiyue (the first day of the first lunar month in the lunar calendar) was called New Year's Day, which was still used until the end of the Qing Dynasty. But this is the lunar calendar, that is, the lunar calendar or the lunar calendar, and it is not what we call New Year's Day today.
In 1911 AD, the Revolution of 1911 led by Sun Yat-sen overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty and established the Republic of China. Representatives of the provincial governors met in Nanjing and decided to use the Gregorian calendar, calling the first day of the first lunar month "Spring Festival" and January 1st of the Gregorian calendar "New Year's Day". However, it was not officially announced and named at that time. In order to "make Xia Zhengzheng, so it follows the agricultural time, and it is based on the Western calendar, so it is convenient for statistics", the first year of the Republic of China decided to use the Gregorian calendar (actually used in 1912), and stipulated that January 1 of the Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar) is the "New Year", but it does not It's called "New Year's Day".
The "New Year's Day" mentioned today is September 27, 1949, the eve of the founding of New China. The first Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, while deciding to establish the People's Republic of China, , also decided to adopt the world-wide AD calendar, which is what we call the Gregorian calendar.
In modern times, New Year's Day refers to the first day of the year. In order to distinguish the two new years of the lunar calendar and the solar calendar, and because the "beginning of spring" in the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar happens to be before and after the lunar new year, the first day of the first lunar month is renamed the "Spring Festival", and January 1 of the solar calendar is designated as the new year. "New Year's Day" began, and was included as a legal holiday and became a happy festival for people across the country.
New Year's Day Poems
[Song Dynasty] Wang Anshi's "New Year's Day" "New Year's Day is celebrated with the sound of firecrackers" , the spring breeze brings warmth to Tusu, and thousands of households always exchange new peaches for old charms."
The word "New Year's Day" comes from ancient times. It does not refer to the Gregorian New Year, but the first day of the first lunar month. , that is, the Spring Festival. The opening chapter of "The First Month" in "Meng Liang Lu" by Wu Zimu of the Song Dynasty says: "The first day of the first lunar month is called New Year's Day, and it is commonly known as New Year." The word "New Year's Day" first appeared in "Book of Jin": " Emperor Zhuan took the third month of Meng Chun as the Yuan Dynasty,
It was the first day of the New Year's Day. New Year's Day was called Yuanri in ancient times, Yuanzheng, Yuanchang, Yuanshuo, Yuanchen, Yuanchun, Duanri, Shangri, etc. From ancient times to the present, poets of all dynasties have composed lyrical poems for New Year's Day, leaving behind many famous works
In ancient times, the palace held New Year's Eve ceremonies, which were grand and solemn. Cao Zhi's poem "Yuan Hui" during the Three Kingdoms period: "In the beginning, Yuan Zuo was good in the past, but it was a grand gathering.
The banquet is in this high hall." It describes the New Year's Day celebration scene in the Cao Wei Dynasty.
/p>
Poets over 60 years old are not afraid of aging and enter the new year with their heads held high.
Cheng Wenwen, another poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem on New Year's Day: "Dai Xing held a cup of wine to congratulate Yao first, and in the mirror he was shocked by the frost on his temples. Fortunately, he secretly laughed in front of the lamp, but Tu Su couldn't.
Taste it first. ""Dai Xing" means holding the stars, which is a metaphor for returning late or leaving early.
"觞" is a wine cup, which can be used for drinking. "Tusu" is a multi-flavored medicinal wine drunk exclusively on Yuan Day. The ancients believed that drinking this wine can prevent diseases and eliminate disasters. There is a rule when it comes to drinking this wine: young and old cannot drink at the same time, but should come in order from the youngest. Because according to the understanding of the ancients, every new year, although everyone has to live longer, in fact, the younger ones gain one year, while the older ones lose one year, so everyone advises the younger ones to live longer first. Drink to express congratulations, and let the elderly drink later to avoid taboos.
Meng Haoran, a man of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Going Back to the New Year", which goes: "Last night I fought back to the north, and now I am rising from the east. I am already strong, and I have no income but I still worry about the farmers. The mulberry fields are still there
The farmer and the hoe follow the shepherd boy. The Tian family controls the climate, and the emperor said that this year will be prosperous. "In the prosperous period of the Tang Dynasty, the Tian family controlled the climate, and they were happy for half a year, but the poet had no money.
The feeling of "worrying about farmers" is the noble character of scholars.
In ancient times, there was a custom of posting Spring Festival couplets on New Year's Day. The Southern Song Dynasty poet Lu You's poem "New Year's Day": "The night rain dissolves the lingering snow, the morning sun opens and accumulates clouds, the peach symbols are written with strokes, and the flowers are slanted after the wine." Song Boren's poem "New Year's Day": "In the middle There are no greeting guests, just get up early as usual, the peach boards change with each other, and the plum blossoms are fragrant every year. "The "peach symbols" and "peach boards" in the poem refer to the Spring Festival couplets.
Of course, among the ancient poems praising the "Yuan Ri", the most famous one is the "Yuan Ri" poem by the reformer Wang Anshi of the Northern Song Dynasty: "One year is lost in the sound of firecrackers,
The spring breeze brings warmth to Tusu. Thousands of households are looking at each other, and the new peaches are always replacing the old charms." It will be passed down to future generations forever.
"New Year's Day Test" written by Chen Xianzhang in the Ming Dynasty is like a "picture of happy New Year". The poet wrote in the poem: "The neighboring wall is whirling with wine to entertain the guests, and the children sing together to celebrate the New Year.
As we age, new years come again, and in spring there are more beautiful flowers and branches. Where is the evening breeze with the flute in the tower? , when it blows to the east moon. "The fresh and rich breath of life arises spontaneously.
"Xin Lei" by Zhang Weiping, a patriotic poet of the Qing Dynasty, although he did not use the words "New Year's Day" and "Yuan Day", he used New Year's Day as the title to write about people celebrating the New Year and welcoming the Spring
The joy of creation: "Creation is speechless but has feelings. Every time the cold comes, spring is born. Everything is arranged in a thousand colors, just waiting for the first sound of new thunder." Mao Zedong, a great man of the generation, wrote in January 1930
He wrote a song "Ru Meng Ling · New Year's Day": "Ninghua, Qingliu, Guihua, the road is deep and slippery with forest and moss. Where to go today, it points directly to the foot of Wuyi Mountain. Up and down the mountain,
The wind blows the red flag like a painting. "Appreciating this poem is like walking into a magnificent landscape painting. The whole poem is hearty, fresh and natural, and full of optimism and high-spirited revolutionary optimism.
In 1942, Dong Biwu wrote a seven-rhyme poem in Chongqing called "New Year's Day Occupying Liu Yazi's Huairen Rhyme": "*** celebrates the New Year with laughter, and red rock ladies give plum blossoms."
We toast each other with cups of Tusu wine and share the victory tea. Only loyalty can serve the country, and there is no paradise for home. Let’s sing and dance with the capital to welcome the festival and wish Yan’an a prosperous scenery.
Appreciate this popular song. This is an excellent work, and I feel that the poet's sincerity for the revolutionary cause is permeated between the lines. At that time, the war of resistance was difficult, and only by serving the country with loyalty could we hope to settle down in the paradise land of Japan. The "Victory Tea" mentioned in the poem was the paper bag tea sold in Chongqing shops at that time, which was intended to wish the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. Using new things as anecdotes into poetry shows Dong's innovative awareness of old-style poetry.