Engineering overview
My retreat in Zhongnanshan is one of the representative works of Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei.
This poem vividly describes the author's leisure after retirement and highlights the open-minded character of retirees. The poet was depressed and wandered alone. At the end of the water, he sat still and watched the changes of the clouds, vividly depicting the image of a hermit, just like seeing him. Talking and laughing with the old people in the mountains, forgetting the time to go home, very free, is a typical example captured by the poet in a typical environment. The whole poem is as plain as a word, but it is very skillful, poetic and interesting.
original work
My retreat in Zhongnanshan
My middle-aged heart found its way (1), and I came to live at the foot of this mountain (2).
It's all for me.
Sometimes go to the end of the water to seek the source, or sit and watch the ever-changing clouds rise.
One day I met an old woodcutter, laughing and laughing, and never came back.
Sentence annotation
1 middle age: middle age. Hao: Preference. Tao: This refers to Buddhism.
2 homes: settle down. Nanshan: That's Zhong Nanshan. Chuí: edge, side and boundary; Nanshan Yellow refers to the location of Wangchuan Villa, which means the foot of Zhong Nanshan Mountain.
3 victory: a good thing.
④ Value: Encountered. Sao (ǒ u): An old man.
⑤ Non-payback period: There is no exact payback time.
Vernacular translation
After middle age, I had a strong desire to do good, and I didn't settle down in the border of Zhongnanshan until my later years.
When I am interested, I often go to play alone. When I am happy, I also have a good time and indulge myself.
Sometimes go to the end of the water to seek the source, or sit and watch the rising clouds change.
I happened to meet a village elder in the Woods. I talked and laughed with him and often forgot to go home.
Creation background
This poem was written after the first year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (758) and was written by Wang Wei in his later years. In his later years, Wang Wei's position was not small. In fact, due to the repeated changes in the political situation, he has seen the danger of his career and wants to get rid of this disturbing world. He fasted and worshipped Buddha, carefree. After about forty years old, he began to live a secluded life.
Make an appreciative comment
The focus of the whole poem is to express the yearning for leisure and fun. The first two sentences point out the poet's life destination and ideological conversion in seclusion and worship of Buddhism from two aspects: "it is good for people to reach middle age" and "staying in Nanshan late". "Tao" refers to Buddhism. "My middle-aged heart has found its way", and the author emphasizes that after middle age, I hate secularism and believe in Buddhism. The word "po" points out his pious attitude of worshipping Buddha. The word "late" has rich meanings, which can mean both "late" and "old". If it is the former, "and I came to live at the foot of this mountain" is a description of the reality of seclusion; If it's the latter, that's my idea of the evening scene.
Life in the mountains is extremely comfortable. When my interest comes, I often wander alone in the mountains, and only the poet himself can get the news. "Every" means that "going alone" is frequent, not accidental. "Independence" is not a person without homology. In fact, when the poet lived in seclusion, many people with the same tune sang with him, such as Zhang Luan and Pei Di. Here, as soon as the poet is interested, he can't wait to invite people to go with him, and a free and easy hermit image is presented to the readers. Literally, it is vaguely lonely, but who can say that this kind of affection is not a happy thing? The word "the mountains are mine" and "emptiness" may be somewhat helpless and lonely, but the poet is intoxicated with this mountain interest.
"I will keep walking until the water blocks my way, and then sit down and watch the rising clouds" means "victory". Wandering in the mountains, unconsciously, I have reached the end of the stream, and there seems to be no way to go, but the poet feels that his eyes are broadened and simply sits down and looks at the surging clouds in the sky. Everything is so natural, and the flowing water and white clouds in the mountains have aroused the author's endless interest, which shows that he is carefree. Shen Deqian, a man of A Qing Dynasty, praised: "Doing nothing is a machine." ("Three Hundred Tang Poems") "Water stops me" allows readers to appreciate the magnanimity of "doing what should be done"; "Then sit and watch the clouds rising in Ran Ran", while enjoying the most leisurely state, you can also appreciate the endless excitement of beautiful scenery! Clouds are invisible, erratic and changeable, thus giving people the impression of being careless, comfortable and doing nothing. There is a poem by Tao Qian, "Clouds come out of a hole unintentionally" (back to Xi). In the eyes of Buddhists, clouds symbolize "impermanence" and "restless heart". Therefore, "then sit and watch Yun Qi" also includes the Zen machine of "having no place to live, but having a heart". In short, it is "empty". If people can get rid of persistence and be as careless as a cloud, they can get rid of troubles, get rid of troubles and get comfortable. The poet had an epiphany when he sat down and looked at them. Look at the flowing water and white clouds, which are indistinguishable, and have reached the realm of unity of things and me. From the structural point of view, the phrase "I will go to the water to stop my path, and then sit and watch Yun Qi" is steady and consistent, while from the artistic point of view, it is like a landscape painting, which is "painting in poetry".
The author of the conclusion happened to meet Chaucer in the mountains, so he talked and laughed freely with him, so that he forgot the time. The poet's simple and natural style, detached from the outside world, blends with the freedom of enjoying the landscape alone, making the whole poem form a complete artistic conception. The word "accident" runs through the whole story without a trace. In fact, isn't it an "unintentional mistake", such as "I will go to the water to stop my path, and then sit and watch Yun Qi"? But when the poet came here, he pointed out the word "accident" with "emphasizing forest", which shows his superb artistic means. Because there are "accidents" everywhere, it shows the leisure in my heart. "Laughing and laughing are gone forever" has a natural conclusion, but it hides a philosophy. Because the poet realizes that things are forgotten, things are integrated, and he forgets the impermanence of the secular, this is the real "empty" realm.
This poem does not depict the specific scenery of mountains and rivers, but focuses on expressing the carefree mood of the poet when he lives in seclusion in the mountains. The first six sentences of the poem are natural and quiet, and the poet's image is like an out-of-touch master. He doesn't care about the world and regards mountains as heaven. You can enjoy the beauty of nature anytime and anywhere without deliberately exploring secluded places. The last two sentences introduce people's activities, bring life breath, and the poet's image is more amiable.
Famous comments
The poet's jade chip: This poem is so ingenious that it looks like a creation, so there is no painting in it! You can see from his poems that everything floats on the surface in the dust of cicada slough. The old man in the valley said, I've climbed mountains near water in recent years and never missed reading Wang Mo's poems. Knowing my old breasts, there must be a disease that I can't talk about.
Ying Sui: You Cheng's poems have an inexhaustible beauty of sighing.
Comments on Wang Meng's poems: the realm of no words is unspeakable, and those who do not know it think it is simple and easy, so its quality is so difficult.
Selection of Tang poetry: approach the melody and quietly forget the words.
The mirror of Tang poetry: the five or six gods.
The Return of Tang Poetry: Gordon pai' ea chung-hoon: It seems that this poem is the only one in these works. But if you read it like a new mouth and new eyes, it's hard to say whether you will feel it. Tan Yun: I'm just an ordinary person, and my behavior is subtle.
Interpretation of Tang poetry: This topic is "Building a house on earth".
General Comment on Lin, the anthology of Tang Poems: Zhou Bi's style is both vertical and horizontal, and the outside is incomplete, so Chinese people should be frugal. He Xin is a high ancient style. Monk Hui Hong said: Don't talk about his idle talk, but keep it in your heart. This is called paying attention to syntax. It's interesting to play the word "accident". Lu Yue said, Fargo, there is no end to it. There is a carefree understanding, and what you see is nothing more than Tao.
Selected Tang Poems: Modesty is the highest of the times, which also makes people want to give up what they love but can't give up.
The records about summer in the Tang Dynasty: "Walk", "Sit", "Talk" and "Laugh". Every sentence is not in another industry, but in another industry. The word "good idea", sir, is "empty and self-aware", but is it safe to make a footnote? Yu Youren said to Mr. Zhuang Ji, "If you only read this poem in words, it will disappoint your kindness. However, the text is obscure and must be understood in such a poem in order to realize the doorway. " Take care of the word "payback period" and "other industries" a little.
This collection of Mu Xuan's poems: If you don't want to be a poet, what is the desperate situation of his poems? "Beauty in excitement is all I have" is not to be known to others. There are two words in the poem, which say "unintentionally"
Interpretation of Ancient Tang Poetry: This poem does not need to be rigidly attached to the topic, nor does it need to be decomposed. It is very implicit.
"Tang poetry becomes law": the reason why a family leaves their job to find another job. Second, other industries. Three, four, twelve. Five, six, three, four. Sections seven, eight, five and six. It's not that there is another industry, but that language is another industry, which is wonderful. Take middle-aged people as parents, solitary people as parents, solitary people as parents, self-knowledge, sitting and watching, self-knowledge, starting from poverty as parents, and success in life.
Tang poetry: this poem has achieved Tao, and the triple is better than the body.
"Near Autumn": If you don't pour out the dust, you may not be able to appreciate this realm. Can you realize that evil is not evil? Flow is against nature and the end of time. Eight sentences, like one sentence, are nothing more than this author. Meng Haoran is proud of his Spring Stone, but there is no such work. Although there are high-definition products, Huai Tian is not as broad as Youcheng. But Meng did it again because of his strict attitude.
"Tang Poems": This whole article is a direct narrative. Five or six sentences are straight. This syntax is unpretentious, and elegance and health are more important. Although I was involved in it at the beginning of my speech, I still couldn't help feeling lost. I didn't know there was a place to live until my later years. If you have this handle, you will stop and let yourself know that Yun Qi is poor in water, full of Zen machines and idle in the forest, which is nothing more than a wonderful truth. Forgetting each other is a sign of complacency.
On the Poems of Silkworm Cocoon Zhai: It is the hardest thing to be satisfied without changing color. Ancient performances were natural, but Du Can wouldn't do that.
"Don't Cut Tang Poetry": Doing nothing is an opportunity. The last sentence "no repayment period" means indefinite repayment.
Notes on the Poems of Master Wang Yuan-tang: Qing Qi (under the sentence of "Xing Lai").
Reading "Notes on Poems in Past Dynasties": The third to eighth sentences, which are mutually reinforcing, split into two, regardless of conversion, are naturally the pen of chemical engineering.
Feng Ban: The second couplet is very powerful. Cha: May 6th is natural and has infinite scenery. Ji Yun: The beauty of this poem ranges from gorgeous to plain, but we can't wait. Those who study the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty should regard this as a return to the market, not a preliminary one. There is another cloud: this kind of thing has melted, the dregs have melted, the cultivation has matured, and the arrogance has been exhausted. Then when the cat comes, it will flow out freely and cannot be imitated. Without the power of smelting and self-restraint, attacking it with appearance is a stereotyped statement, perfunctory air conditioning. Those who prospered with euphemisms in the Tang Dynasty often fell ill. This is also like the flow of Zen masters, which is different from vacuum and stubbornness, and the poet can't distinguish it.
Brief introduction of the author
Wang Wei, a poet in Tang Dynasty. The word stroke. His father was originally from Qi (now Shanxi) and later moved to Yongji West, Shanxi, becoming a Hedong native. Kaiyuan (year number of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, 713-741) was a scholar. Tired officials give things. An Lushan rebels were hired when they were trapped in Chang 'an. After the chaos, they were demoted to Prince Zhongyun. After the official to ministers right cheng, so also known as Wang Youcheng. In his later years, he lived in Wangchuan, Lantian, and lived an honest and secluded life. Poetry is as famous as Meng Haoran and is called "Wang Meng". In the early stage, I wrote some frontier poems, but the most important one was landscape poems, which promoted hermit life and Buddhism through the description of pastoral landscapes. Exquisite objects, vivid descriptions and unique achievements. He is also proficient in music, painting and calligraphy. This is Wang Youcheng.