The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever. Old camp west, people say it's the war of the Three Kingdoms, Battle of Red Cliffs. The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once.
Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit. A white figure with a feather fan came face to face, and while talking and laughing, the enemy warships burned to ashes. I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely. Things are like a dream, a bottle or a month.
This article was written by the author when he was demoted to Huangzhou in middle age because of Wutai poetry case. During this period, he wrote four famous works: Before and After Red Cliff Fu, Night Tour in Chengtian Temple and Nostalgia on Red Cliff.
The first part of this word depicts the magnificent scenery of the Yangtze River in front of us, "Flying stones fly over the air, crashing on the shore, rolling up thousands of piles of snow", and the short text of 13 makes people's audio-visual experience strongly shocked, as if people were back to the era of war and strife in the Three Kingdoms period.
Faced with this situation, in the second part of Ci, the author naturally meditates on the past, and Battle of Red Cliffs's heroes appear in the author's mind. The author didn't write about Liu Bei because Liu Bei was too serious and old. The author didn't write about Zhuge Liang, because Zhuge Liang was so perfect that no one could compare with him. Besides, Zhuge Liang has no stories of heroes and beautiful women. In addition, Zhuge Liang's tragic ending of "he died before he had time to conquer" does not conform to the characteristics described in the previous magnificent scenery, and its sad degree will surpass the later "one statue returns to the river and the moon". The author is only optimistic about Zhou Yu, "Feather fan with black silk scarf, laughing and laughing, vanishing", with only the word 13, and writes an image of a charming and condescending Confucian general.
The purpose of the author's writing is obvious. Naturally, it reminds readers of the author himself. He has no ambition, relegated to Huangzhou, his temples are gray and he has made no achievements. He can't help but feel sad and send out the feeling that "life is like a dream".
This is the feeling that ambition is hard to pay, and this is tragic and desolate helplessness. The reason why this emotion can shake every reader's heart for thousands of years lies not only in the universality of this emotion itself, but also in the full expression of this emotion in this word.
What is the full expression of this emotion?
First, use the scenery of the Yangtze River to express emotion, and use magnificent scenery to express tragic feelings; Second, take Zhou Yu, the protagonist, as a contrast, forming a strong contrast, and feelings are naturally revealed.
The whole poem is a perfect combination of scenery writing, nostalgia and lyricism.
What can we learn from this word?
According to the requirements of the syllabus and the content of the text, the teaching objectives of this paper are determined as follows:
1. Understand the poet's complex mood and enrich the students' emotional world;
2. Master some common methods of appreciating poetry.
Establish the following key points:
1. The natural combination of emotion and scenery
2. Allusions are appropriate and natural
Identify the following difficulties:
How to understand "life is like a dream"?
Some people say that Life is Like a Dream expresses the author's negative and decadent attitude towards life, but it is not.
This word expresses Su Shi's complex and contradictory thoughts. Su Shi was deeply influenced by Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. On the one hand, he admired Qu Yuan, Zhuge Liang, Lu Zhi and other people who helped the world, hoping to respect the Lord and worry about the country, and eager to make contributions; On the one hand, he loved Tao Qian, admired Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, and was able to maintain a detached and broad-minded attitude in the sinister political adversity. He also has close contacts with monks and is proficient in Zen. Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism are originally contradictory, but Su Shi is used to treating political thoughts and life thoughts differently and unifying them in the form of "Confucianism outside and Taoism inside", thus forming Su Shi's world outlook with both positive and enterprising spirit and nihilistic attitude towards life and death. The magnificent heroic achievements in this poem not only aroused his heroic and vigorous feelings, but also deepened his ideological contradictions, making him feel that "life is like a dream." This word has both emotional and sentimental colors. Su Shi's sentimentality sprouted because he was eager to make contributions and could not achieve it. We should know more about his passion and his thinking about his career and life, not his sadness. "Life is like a dream", which in turn can stimulate our pursuit of life, is the truth and interest of this word. Understanding this word from the language, it is also "points" that overwhelm "injuries". The artistic conception is magnificent and the style is bold, which embodies Su Shi's broad-minded mind.
Second, according to the teaching objectives, teaching emphases and difficulties, determine the teaching process, teaching methods and learning methods.
(A) the teaching process
Quoted from Su Shi's Mink Head? When will there be a bright moon?
Make clear the meaning of the text 1, and the teacher will demonstrate reading and pronunciation.
2, students translate the text, fair
Describe the scenery
Chibi scenery
1. Guide students to draw red cliff: vivid and colorful.
2. Guide students to summarize the characteristics of the landscape: magnificent.
3. Comparison 1: Why not write about the calm scenery of the Yangtze River? Clarify the role of landscape writing
Write poems about history
What are the characteristics of heroes Zhou Yu 1 and Zhou Yu? Romantic and elegant, young and successful.
2. Comparison 2: How about replacing Zhou Yu with Sun Quan or Zhuge Liang? Understand the role of writing Zhou Yu's image and the appropriateness of using allusions.
Pour out one's heart
Is the sentence "Life is like a dream" by the author Su Shi 1 negative? Is it in harmony with the magnificent scenery in front and the hero Zhou Yu?
2. Comparison 3: Compare this article with Lu You's Confessions and Xin Qiji's Broken Array to understand the complexity of this emotion.
3. Teachers should give correct guidance and timely emotional and ideological education.
To sum up the teacher's question: How does this paper perfectly unify the three aspects of writing scenery, singing history and expressing feelings? Answer the questions by the students, sum up two main points of appreciating poetry and write them on the blackboard.
Behind the freedom to recite a whole word, you can recite it with emotion.
Assign homework and compare this word with other "red cliff poems"
(2) Teaching methods and learning methods
Poetry appreciation is inseparable from comparison. Students can find similarities and differences in comparison and understand which is better and which is worse. Therefore, the teaching method is mainly comparative method, supplemented by reading, discussion and practice.
1. When analyzing the scenery description, I asked: When the Yangtze River is choppy, there are times when it is calm. Why did the author write about the magnificent scenery of the Yangtze River instead of the magnificent scenery of the Yangtze River? Through comparison, the characteristics of the scenery and the purpose of writing the scenery are obtained.
2. When analyzing historical allusions, I asked: There are many heroes in Battle of Red Cliffs, such as Sun Quan, Zhuge Liang and Liu Bei. Why does the author only write about Zhou Yu and not others? Through comparison, let students realize the natural appropriateness of allusions.
3. When analyzing the expression of emotion, after asking whether "life is like a dream" is negative and decadent, guide students to read Lu You's "Hating Love", Xin Qiji's "Breaking the Array" and Nu Wa Su Shi's ci.
Chibi nostalgia
The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever. Old camp west, people say it's the war of the Three Kingdoms, Battle of Red Cliffs. The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once. In the past, Xiao Qiao got married for the first time. A white figure with a feather fan came face to face, and while talking and laughing, the enemy warships burned to ashes. I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely. Life is like a dream, sprinkle a glass of wine to pay tribute to the bright moon on the river.
explain
This poem is a masterpiece of Su Shi's poetry and a famous piece in the history of China's poetry development. It was written in July of the fifth year of Yuanfeng, Song Shenzong (1082), which was in the same period as Su Shi's famous prose "Poem on a Thousand Red Cliffs". At that time, the author was 47 years old and had been demoted to be an assistant to the ambassador in Huangzhou for more than two years. Su Shi was demoted this time because of the Wutai poetry case. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), the new party He Dazheng, Shu Tan and others said that Su Shi slandered state affairs with poems. In August, Su Shi was arrested and imprisoned, and many people were involved, resulting in a famous literary prison in history. Due to the rescue of Zhang, Fan Zhen and others, he was released from prison at the end of1February and exiled to Huangzhou. Because the author suffered serious political setbacks and blows, and his thoughts were extremely depressed, he often sought relief by climbing mountains near water and hanging historical sites. But he can't completely forget politics, and sometimes he can't keep his inner peace temporarily because of the stimulation and induction of external things. His enthusiasm, his ideals, and his dissatisfaction often come out through the fire of literature. This song "Nian Nu Jiao" is the product of this ideological and emotional impact.
This word depicts the magnificent scenery near Chibi, and by praising ancient heroes, it expresses the poet's ideal ambition and laments the boss's inaction.
The last film describes the scenery, from the scene to the emotion, causing nostalgia for the ancient heroes. The first two sentences, full of atmosphere, cover the whole article and reflect the author's dominant idea: all "romantic figures" in history will inevitably be "scoured" by the waves, let alone silent ordinary people! Endless ups and downs sigh, singing into the clouds. The second sentence points out the times, people and places with refined pen and ink, paving the way for the emergence of heroes. The word "humanity is" not only shows the reputation of the ancient battlefield, but also implies that this "Red Cliff" is not a place to fight, but a legend. The sentence of "throwing stones in the air" is an impressive sight witnessed by the poet. Empty stone walls, stormy waves and snow-like waves all seem to show the greatness of that time to future generations and tell the brilliant achievements of the "heroes" of that year. These three sentences are seen from above and gained from overlooking; Have a long-term vision and a close-up vision; There are colors and waves. Only these three sentences describe the scenery of Chibi positively, but they are full of energy. The momentum of the ancient battlefield was spoken out and penetrated into every corner of the whole article, just waiting for the characters to appear. The word "picturesque" always associates the front with the back.
The next movie follows Zhou Lang Red Cliff and How Many Heroes, with the word "Yaoxiang". The transition is ingenious and natural. This terbium can be divided into two sections. From "Thinking from afar" to "Vanishing", it depicts Zhou Yu's natural and calm attitude towards the enemy and expresses the author's admiration and yearning. The author grasped some distinctive things and wrote the characters vividly with a few strokes. From "Wandering in the Old Country" to the end, it is another layer. These five sentences not only show the author's "wandering" to the ideal realm, but also reflect the author's nihilistic attitude towards life. The feeling of "life is like a dream" was originally a cliche used by the whole feudal society. This is true not only of Su Shi, but also of many other literati works, which certainly needs to be treated critically. But as far as this article is concerned, it is not the sadness of "life is like a dream" that runs through, but the praise of "romantic figures", the pursuit of lofty ideals such as making achievements, and the grievances and indignation caused by political frustration. Generally speaking, the tone of this word is healthy and upward.
The artistic achievement of this word is very high. The most outstanding point is that it creatively depicts the heroes in history. Before that, Ci, as a new literary form, was mainly used to describe the amorous feelings and leisure of men and women. Although the content of Liu Yong's ci has been expanded, its scope is limited. Su Shi further developed and expanded the new ways of Song Ci. He not only filled a lot of long tunes, but also wrote scenes, chanted things, expressed feelings, narrated, reasoned and portrayed characters with poems as words. This word is a famous article describing historical figures. Because the word is short in space and limited in capacity, it cannot be described in a broad background like novels and operas. Therefore, this poem closely combines the characteristics of lyricism. With extremely refined pen and ink, positive portrayal ("heroic, heroic, black silk scarf with feather fan, laughing and laughing" and other techniques are adopted. ), side foil ("human nature is", "throwing stones in the air and hitting the shore", etc. ) and contrast ("the wall falls and everyone pushes", etc. ) to express lyricism and emotion. The whole poem is vigorous in brushwork and bold in style, which is worthy of being the first and representative masterpiece of bold words.
According to Yu Wenbao's "Blowing Sword Record" in the Southern Song Dynasty, "Dongpo has a good teacher in Yutang (Hanlin Academy). Because I asked,' How is my word better than Liu's?' To Japan:' Liu Langzhong's words won seventeen or eighteen girls, singing "Yang Liuan Xiaofeng Canyue" with red teeth; Bachelor degree, must be a Kansai man, holding an iron plate and singing "River of No Return". Volkswagen was completely defeated. This story shows that people at that time have noticed the obvious differences in style between Liu Yong's ci and Su Shi's ci.
Translated words
Yangtze River, you spray to the east!
You washed the long river of history with rough waves-
Heroes of thousands of years have been wiped out without a trace.
Just west of the dilapidated camp,
People are telling glorious battle stories in history.
Oh, that's the Red Cliff where the Three Kingdoms defeated Zhou Yu.
Look, the steep rock wall cuts through the clear sky.
Listen, the deafening waves are beating against the river bank-
Rolling waves are like thousands of snow peaks piled together.
Oh, the great rivers and mountains of the motherland are really more beautiful than pictures!
In a very, very short moment,
How many heroes have staged magnificent historical dramas on this stage?
Looking back on Zhou Yu's demeanor, he is young.
Xi Jiao just took Xiao Qiao home;
They are fearless, talented and unparalleled.
The feather fan shook calmly and the headscarf tilted slightly.
He's planning, talking and laughing, and in the blink of an eye-
The enemy ship was burnt to ashes and turned into smoke. ...
Chibi, revisiting this heroic stage does not fascinate me!
Please don't laugh at my sentimentality, look for my troubles.
For this reason, countless creams dyed my hair prematurely.
Ah, although life is as illusory as a dream,
I want to sprinkle a glass of wine on the bright moon in the river.
Show some respect to the hero!
This is the answer I helped you find. Are you satisfied? Sometimes you have to learn how to find the answer!