What does discovery rhetoric mean?
Liu Xizai said in "Introduction to Art": "Words are a bit erotic. Liu Jieqing's Yulin Order wrote: "Since ancient times, feelings have been hurt and separated, and the Qing Autumn Festival has been neglected even more. Who knows where I am when I am awake tonight? There is a breeze on the bank of willow. The last two periods were neglected, and the last two sentences were dyed with' tonight'. Between points, there can be no other words separated, and aphorisms become dead. "
Literary critics in Qing Dynasty told us that "point" is "pointing out". "Dyeing" means comparing with scenery. According to this explanation, there is also a kind of "spot dyeing" in Ling. That is, "I miss thousands of miles of smoke and waves, and the evening is heavy." Let's talk about "walking" first. This time, it's gone and gone, and it's far and far. But what are the details of the three scenes of "A Thousand Miles of Smoke", "Twilight City" and "Chutiankuo" after "walking"? Set off the "going" mountain and the deep and dignified feeling of parting.
Dot dyeing is also very useful in poetry. For example, Wei's Yan Wen: "Where is hometown, think it is leisurely. On the autumn night in Huainan, Gaozhai heard the geese coming. " Here "Qiuci" is a point. Contrast dyeing with Autumn Rain and the Sound of Wild Goose. Cen Can's Work in a Crash: "I don't know where to stay tonight, and there is no one in Pingsha Wan Li." First, point out that there is no place to stay, and then use "Pingsha Wan Li" to render, so that the artistic conception of the poem comes out.
Dotting is also used in music. Ma Zhiyuan's Yuan Dynasty famous song "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" begins with autumn scenery's "Old vines faint crows, small bridges flowing water". The ancient road is sparse and the sun sets. "In the evening, deliberately rendering the depressing, lonely and sad atmosphere of the journey. The ending sentence is "Broken-hearted people are at the end of the world." This is the finishing touch. It highlights the mental state of vagrants living in a foreign land.
To sum up, stippling techniques include stippling and dyeing, which are two aspects of dialectical unity of opposites. "Point" refers to the main sentence (or head word) that makes the finishing point. It's in the right place (or at the beginning. Or the end) points out the will of the poem. "Dyeing" means comparing and rendering with images, and it is best to use various rhetorical devices. This is combined with dyeing. It can create a beautiful artistic conception and express strong feelings. Can enhance the artistic charm of poetry.
Understanding the technique of stippling is helpful to improve the ability of appreciating classical poetry and can also be applied to poetry creation.
The so-called point is to point it out, to point out the feelings and reasons to write in one sentence, so that readers can understand it; The so-called dyeing is to render and contrast, that is, to compare emotions and truths with specific things and scenery, so that readers can grasp them more concretely and vividly.
Which poems are a little dirty?
Liu Yiqing's Yulin Order says: "Since ancient times, feelings have hurt and left, and it is even worse to neglect the Qing Autumn Festival. Who knows where I am when I am awake tonight? Yang Liuan Xiaofeng has a broken moon. " The last two periods leave a cold eye, and the sentence "tonight" means that there can be no other language between the stains of the last two sentences, and the aphorism becomes lifeless. Dot dyeing is a painter's technique, which is added in some places and rendered in some places. Borrowing here means pointing out some places, setting off some places, and pointing out that setting off the scenery later is more meaningful. Liu Yong's Yulin Order: "I miss thousands of miles of smoke, and the twilight is heavy." Pointed out the "go", with thousands of miles of smoke, heavy dusk, vast chutian, three kinds of scenery to set off, set off the feelings of parting. Then I said, "Affectionate feelings have been like parting since ancient times, which is even more embarrassing." Here I point out "imitative parting" and use "cold autumn festival" to render it, and then I feel more embarrassed, so I say "more embarrassed."
This is a heavy rendering. Another sentence pointed out that it is painful to leave in the cold autumn festival, saying, "Where did you wake up tonight?" Yang Liuan Xiaofeng Canyue, Yang Liuan, Xiaofeng and Canyue constitute a sad artistic conception, which sets off Tomb-Sweeping Day's feelings of parting. This is another renderings. Here are two renderings, which feel stronger. In this way, it is pointed out first, and then the scene is rendered, and the feeling is compared, and the effect of the scene is received.
There is a faint dye in the poem, like Wei's Yan Wen: "Where is my hometown? I think about it leisurely. On the autumn night in Huainan, Gaozhai heard the geese coming. " Point out, return to your thoughts, set off by autumn rain and the sound of geese. "I don't know where to stay tonight, and there is no one in Pingsha Wan Li." Point out that there is nowhere to stay, and use Pingsha Wan Li to render. Wei's "Unfortunate Visiting People on Rest Day": "Strange poems are clear, and the door is cold and snowy." It is pointed out that poetry is very clear and is rendered with cold current and snow. The artistic conception of the whole poem is displayed in contrast.