Song Yu, also known as Ziyuan, was born in Yan (now Yicheng, Xiangfan) during the Warring States Period, and was a writer of Ci and Fu in the Chu Kingdom. Born after Qu Yuan, he may be said to be Qu Yuan's disciple. He once served as King Qingxiang of Chu. Hao Ci Fu is the master of Ci Fu after Qu Yuan, and is as famous as Tang Le and Jing Cha. According to legend, he wrote many poems and poems. "Hanshu Volume 30 Yiwenzhi 10" contains 16 poems, many of which are lost today. The circulated works include "Nine Bian", "Feng Fu", "Gaotang Fu", "Dengtuzi Lustful Fu", etc., but some people suspect that the last three were not written by him. The so-called allusions of "Lower Liba people", "Bright spring and white snow", and "Qu Gao and few" all come from him. Song Yu's life
Regarding Song Yu's life, according to "Historical Records: Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng": "After Qu Yuan died, there were disciples of Song Yu, Tang Le and Jing Chai in Chu, all of whom were easy to say goodbye to. He is famous for his poems. However, Qu Yuan's words were calm and he never dared to give direct advice. "The description is very brief. "Han Shi Wai Zhuan" says that "Song Yu met the Prime Minister of Chu because of his friends." Liu Xiang's "New Preface" says "Song Yu met King Xiang of Chu because of his friend" and "served King Xiang of Chu without noticing". At the same time, there is also a saying that "King Wei of Chu (grandfather of King Xiang) asked Song Yu" . Wang Yi said in "Chu Ci Zhangju" that he was a disciple of Qu Yuan. The "Old Biography of Xiangyang Qi" by Xi Chizhi in the Jin Dynasty also said: "Song Yu was from Yan of Chu, so there was Song Yu in Yicheng, who first served Qu Yuan. Yuan was exiled and asked to serve his friends in Chu." In short, There are different opinions about Song Yu's life, and it is difficult to tell. Generally speaking, Song Yu was born after Qu Yuan, and came from a humble background, and was quite unsuccessful in his official career.
Regarding Song Yu’s apprenticeship, it is generally believed that he learned from Qu Yuan. However, some scholars believe that there is no basis for Wang Yi to say that Song Yu was a disciple of Qu Yuan 200 years later than Qu Yuan. He understood "ancestor (inherited, imitated) Qu Yuan" as "learned from Qu Yuan".
According to the earliest records in "Hanshu Yiwenzhi", there are 16 articles. It is now said that the two chapters "Nine Bian" and "Calling Souls" written by him can be found in Wang Yi's "Chu Ci Chapters"; "Feng Fu", "Gaotang Fu", "Goddess Fu", and "Dengtuzi Lustful Fu" , "Asking the King of Chu" 5 articles, found in Xiao Tong's "Selected Works"; "Flute Fu", "Dayan Fu", "Xiaoyan Fu", "Satiric Fu", "Diao Fu", "Dance Fu" 6 articles, It can be found in Zhang Qiao's "Gu Wen Yuan"; 3 articles, "Gaotang Dui", "Wei Yong Fu" and "Ying Zhong Dui", can be found in Liu Jie's "Selected Guangwen" of the Ming Dynasty. However, the authenticity of these works is mixed, and the only one that is credible and unobjectionable is "Nine Bian". "The Soul Conjuring" is quite controversial, and is generally believed to be written by Qu Yuan.
Others, such as "Gaotang Fu", "Goddess Fu", "Deng Tuzi's Lustful Fu", "Feng Fu", etc., are also believed not to be written by Song Yu, but their status in literary history Still quite important. Chronology Tomb Tomb Inscriptions can be used as strong evidence to examine a person's life. However, the tomb alone cannot cut off the hometown. For example, there is Qu Yuan's tomb in Zhongxiang, and Yu Xuanji, a female poet from the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem about her visit to Yingzhou, including the line "Sanlu Tomb at the foot of the broken stele ridge", but this cannot deny the fact that Qu Yuan's hometown is Zigui. Moreover, tombs are divided into burial tombs and clothing tombs. According to historical records, there are five tombs of Song Yu in the country. Which one is the tomb of Song Yu? Let's talk about the inscriptions, such as the Song Dynasty Jade Tomb in Yanying (today's Yicheng). The tombstone was rebuilt in the 21st year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty. The key content of the inscription is "Thousands of people were abandoned in the white snow in the spring, and the clouds in the evening rain will be doubtful forever." The story of Yingzhong and the deeds of Song Yu serving King Xiang of Chu. Today Zhongxiang also has the monument of "Yangchun Baixue" and the monument of white marble "Yangchun Taifu" made by Prince Xingxian, the father of Emperor Jiajing. If it is determined based on this, there is no doubt that Song Yu was from Ying-Yingzhong in the suburbs of Chu, and is now Zhongxiang. Song Yu, a poet and prose doctor, was appointed as his apprentice to serve the King of Chu. Song Yu said to Song Yu: "Jade has a beautiful body, a soft talk, and a lustful nature. I hope the king will not go in and out of the harem with you." The king asked in the words of his apprentice. Song Yu. Yu said: "The physical appearance is leisurely and beautiful, which is received from heaven; the eloquence of many subtle words is learned from the teacher; as for lust, I don't have it." The king said: "The son is not fond of lust, is it said? If you say it, stop it. "If you don't say anything, then retreat." Yu said: "There is no beauty in the world more than the one in Chu. There is no more beauty in Chu than in the ministers. There is no more beauty in the ministers than the sons of the master's family. If you add one part, it will be too long, and if you lose one part, it will be too long." The parting is too short; the powder is too white, the vermillion is too red; the eyebrows are like green feathers, the skin is like white snow; the waist is like a bunch of silk, and the teeth are like shells; a charming smile confuses Yangcheng, and is fascinated by Cai. However, this girl climbed up the wall to peek. I have been with you for three years, but it is not the case with Deng Tuzi: His wife has a disheveled head, swollen lips and teeth, and is scabbed and has hemorrhoids. "Who is a lustful person?" At that time, Dr. Qin Zhanghua was standing by, so he went on to say, "My husband, Song Yusheng, calls his neighbor's daughter a beautiful woman, which is a sign of folly. I think I am virtuous, so I am not as good as that." "How can a concubine in a poor alley in Southern Chu be enough to speak to the king? If I have ever seen it, I would not dare to say it." The doctor said, "Wei Wei." I once traveled far and visited all the nine lands, including Xianyang and Handan, between Zheng, Wei, Qin, and Wei. It was the end of spring, and the birds were singing. A group of girls come out of mulberry trees. The beautiful women in this suburb are beautiful and beautiful, and they don't need to be decorated. I said in a poem: "Follow the road and take off the flowers." . So the virgin seems to be expecting but not coming, and suddenly seems to be coming but not seeing. The secret of the mind is sparse, looking up at the strange view; smiling with joy, the poem says again: "The spring breeze blows brightly, and the clean room is clean." When the sound of Hui comes, it is better to give it to me than to live without it. Because of delay, Gai Tu was moved by his subtle words. His eyes were interested in his appearance and his heart was concerned about his meaning. Therefore, it is enough to be called.
"So the King of Chu praised him for his kindness, and Song Yu did not retreat. - Pre-Qin Dynasty Song Yu's "Ode to Deng Tuzi's Lust"
"Ode to Deng Tuzi's Lust"
Song Yu from the Pre-Qin Dynasty
A doctor who served as an apprentice to the King of Chu told Song Yu: "Jade is a human body with a leisurely and beautiful appearance, a eloquent tongue, and a lustful nature." I hope the king will not go in or out of the harem with you. "
The king asked Song Yu about the words of his disciple. Yu said: "I have a leisurely and beautiful body, which I received from heaven; I have a lot of words, I learned it from my teacher; as for lust, I don't have it. . "The king said: "I don't want to be lewd, is there any reason to say that? If you have anything to say, stop. Read the full text ∨ It describes the story of King Xiang of Chu and Yu of Song Dynasty traveling to Yunmengzhipu and making the jade poem belong to the Gaotang Dynasty. That night, I slept in jade, and in my dream I met a goddess. She looked very beautiful, and she was different from jade. Tomorrow, I will be the white king. The king asked: "What was his dream like?" Yu said to him: "After midnight, my spirit suddenly became blurry, as if I was happy, and there were many disturbances, and I didn't know what it meant? My eyes and expressions seemed to have a memory: I saw a woman, her appearance was very strange. . When I was asleep, I didn't realize it. I felt unhappy and lost my ambition. So I calmed my mind and saw the dream again. "Wang said, "How is it?" Yu said, "It's so beautiful. Everything is ready. It is so magnificent and beautiful that it is difficult to measure. It has never been seen in ancient times. It is magnificent and magnificent. It shines like the sun shining on the beams of a house at the beginning of the day. It rarely enters. Also, the bright moon spreads its light. In a moment, it is as beautiful as a flower, and it is as warm as a crystal. The five colors are indistinguishable, and if you look at it carefully, it is so beautiful that it attracts people's attention. The article is extremely beautiful and shines in all directions. The embroidered clothes are not short and the clothes are not long. The clothes are not short, and the clothes are not long. The clothes are thin, the color is blue, and the fragrance is fragrant. It is suitable to serve beside, the order is humble, and the heart is at ease. "Wang said: "If this is good, try to give it to me." Yu said: "Wei Wei." How beautiful the goddess is, adorned with yin and yang. It's so beautiful covered with flowers and algae, just like the wings of emerald. Its image is unparalleled and its beauty is endless; the hair and robes of the maiden are not formal enough; Those who are close are demons, those who are far away are hopeful, and their bones are many and strange. They should respond to the king's appearance, and their eyes will be filled with joy. Which one is worthy of honor? If you are selfish, you will be happy alone, and your happiness will be immeasurable; if you exchange kindness and kindness, you will not be able to fully enjoy it. No one else can see it, but the king can see it. How can it be said that it looks like E'e? The appearance is plump and graceful, and the jade face is warm and moist. The eyes are so bright and clear, so beautiful and visible. The eyebrows are raised like moths, and the red lips are like elixirs. The quality is practical, the ambition is peaceful and the body is leisurely. It is both quiet and quiet, and also whirling in the human world. The high hall has a broad meaning, and the wings are vertical and wide. The moving mist moves slowly, and the sound of the wind blows. Look at the remaining curtain and look at it, as if the flowing waves are approaching. The long sleeves are stretched out with straight gussets, and the legs are standing and hesitating uneasily. It is calm and quiet, and its nature is calm and detailed without being annoying. At this time, the appearance is slightly moved, but the ambition is still unattainable. It seems to be close yet far away, as if it will come back again in the future. I'm still in bed, so I invite you to come. I'm willing to do my best. Huaizhenliang is clear, but the soldiers are in trouble with me. When Chen Jia said his words, the clouds came to him, and the fragrance was like an orchid. The spirit transfers to and fro, and the heart is happy and healthy. The god is prosperous but not yet married, and the soul is lonely for no reason. Hanran Nuo does not know the difference, raising the voice and lamenting! If you are angry and restrain yourself, you can never do anything wrong. So he shakes his ornaments and sings the jade luan; he wears dowry clothes to restrain his appearance; he pays attention to his female master and orders him to be the master. If the joy is not received, you will leave; if you delay the introduction, you cannot get close to it. It seems that it has passed away and has not yet left, but in the middle it is like the Prime Minister's head; the eyes are slightly squinting, and the wonderful things are conveyed to each other. The ambition is overwhelming and cannot be remembered. The intention is not gone, the spirit is frightened; the courtesy is not neglected, and the words are not paid attention to; if I wish to leave for a moment, the goddess will be quick. Wandering in the intestines hurts the Qi, turning things upside down and losing the basis, feeling gloomy and dim, and suddenly not knowing where to go. Love is private, who can talk about it? I shed tears of melancholy and pray for it till dawn. ——Pre-Qin·Song Yu's "Ode to the Goddess"
Ode to the Goddess
Pre-Qin: Song YuExpand to read the full text∨ King Xiang of Chu and Song Yu traveled to Yunmeng Pu, making the jade poem Gaotang thing. One night, while I was sleeping in jade, I dreamed that I met the goddess. She looked very beautiful, unlike jade. Tomorrow, I will be the white king. The king asked: "What was his dream like?" Yu said to him: "After midnight, my spirit suddenly blurred, as if I was happy, and there were many disturbances, and I didn't know what it meant? My eyes and expressions seemed to have a memory: I saw a woman, her appearance was very strange. . When I was asleep, I didn't realize it. I felt unhappy and lost my ambition. So I calmed my mind and saw the dream again. "Wang said, "How is it?" Yu said, "It's so beautiful. Everything is ready. It is so magnificent and beautiful that it is difficult to measure. It has never been seen in ancient times. It is magnificent and magnificent. It shines like the sun shining on the beams of a house at the beginning of the day. It rarely enters. Also, the bright moon spreads its light. In a moment, it is as beautiful as a flower, and it is as warm as a crystal. The five colors are indistinguishable, and if you look at it carefully, it is so beautiful that it attracts people's attention. The article is so wonderful that it shines in all directions. The embroidered clothes are not short and the clothes are not long. They walk towards the palace, and suddenly their appearance changes, and they are as graceful as a dragon flying in the clouds. The dress is thin, the color is bright, and the fragrance is fragrant. It is suitable to serve as a servant. It is humble and heart-warming. "Wang said: "If this is enough, try to give it to me." Yu said: "Wei Wei." /p>
The beauty of the goddess is filled with the charm of yin and yang. It's so beautiful covered with flowers and algae, just like the wings of emerald. Its image is unparalleled and its beauty is endless; the hair and robes of the maiden are not formal enough; Those who are close are demons, those who are far away are hopeful, and their bones are many and strange. They should respond to the king's appearance, and their eyes will be filled with joy. Which one is worthy of honor? If you are selfish, you will be happy alone, and your happiness will be immeasurable; if you exchange kindness and kindness, you will not be able to fully enjoy it. No one else can see it, but the king can see it. How can it be said that it looks like E'e? The appearance is plump and graceful, and the jade face is warm and moist. The eyes are so bright and clear, so beautiful and visible. The eyebrows are raised like moths, and the red lips are like elixirs. The quality is practical, the ambition is peaceful and the body is leisurely. It is both quiet and quiet, and also whirling in the human world.
The high hall has a broad meaning, and the wings are vertical and wide. The moving mist moves slowly, and the sound of the wind blows. Look at the remaining curtain and look at it, as if the flowing waves are about to make waves. The long sleeves are stretched out with straight gussets, and the legs are standing and uneasy. It is calm and quiet, and its nature is calm and detailed without being annoying. At this time, the appearance is slightly moved, but the ambition is still unattainable. It seems to be close yet far away, as if it will come back again in the future. I'm still in bed, so I invite you to come. I'm willing to do my best. Huaizhenliang is clear, but the soldiers are in trouble with me. When Chen Jia said his words, the clouds came to him, and the fragrance was like an orchid. The spirit transfers to and fro, and the heart is happy and healthy. The god is prosperous but not yet married, and the soul is lonely for no reason. Hanran promised that he would not tell the difference, raised his voice and lamented! If you are angry and restrain yourself, you can never do anything wrong.
So I shook my ornaments and sang the jade luan; I wore my clothes to restrain my appearance; I took care of my female master and appointed my master. If the joy is not received, you will leave; if you delay the introduction, you cannot get close to it. It seems that it has passed away and has not yet left, but in the middle it is like the Prime Minister's head; the eyes are slightly squinting, and the wonderful things are conveyed to each other. The ambition is overwhelming and cannot be remembered. The intention is not gone, the spirit is frightened; the courtesy is not neglected, the words are not paid attention to; if I wish to leave for a moment, the goddess will be quick. Wandering in the intestines hurts the Qi, turning things upside down and losing ground, feeling gloomy and dim, and suddenly not knowing where to go. Love is private, who can talk about it? I shed tears of melancholy and pray for it till dawn. ▲ Selected poems and poems, writing about people, love myths. King Xiang of Chu visited the palace in Lantai, and Song Yujing sent him as his attendant. A wind blew suddenly, and the king, with his lapels folded, caught it and said, "How wonderful is this wind! Is it wrong for me to fight against the common people?" Song Yu said to him, "This is the king's wind ear, and the common people will be safe." And kill it!" Wang said: "My husband's wind, the air of heaven and earth, comes freely, regardless of high or low, how can I say that I only think of myself as a humble person?" Song Yu said to him. He said: "I heard from my master: Zhiju comes to the nest, and the wind comes out of nowhere. If it is entrusted by it, then the wind is different." The king said: "Is the wind just peaceful?" Song Yu said to him: "The wind is born in the ground. It originates from the end of the Green Ping River, invades the valley, and is angry at the mouth of the earth bag. It dances under the pines and cypresses, stirring up the roar of thunder and returning to the cave. When it is about to fall, it will be stripped away by the beauty, and its beauty will be pierced, and its charm will be dispersed. Therefore, it will be lifted up and down in the high city by the cool and majestic wind. . Arrive at the Chinese leaves and invigorate, wander among the cinnamon peppers, soar over the rushing water. They will hunt for the essence of hibiscus, leave Qinheng, and gather in Xinyi. Then wandering around the atrium, going north to the jade hall, and passing through the bridal chamber, you can see the wind blowing like a human being. Analyzing the eyes and ears, this is the so-called majestic style of the king." The king said, "How can you listen to the style of a common man?" It suddenly rises in the alleys, and the dust is raised, and the resentment is brewing. It punches holes in the door, blows away the dead ash, and stirs up rotten residue. The wind is in the shape of a person. It is cold and damp, and the center is miserable. The lips are gizzards and the eyes are thin. This is the so-called female wind of common people. "" - "Feng Fu" by Song Yu in the Pre-Qin Dynasty
Feng Fu
Pre-Qin Dynasty: Song Yu
King Xiang of Chu was visiting the palace of Lantai. Song Yujing sent an attendant. A wind blew suddenly, and the king, with his lapels folded, caught it and said, "How wonderful is this wind! Is it wrong for me to fight against the common people?" Song Yu said to him, "This is the king's wind ear, and the common people will be safe." And kill it!"
The king said: "My husband's wind, the air of heaven and earth, flows freely, and I don't care about the high and low, but I am a man of few people. "Say?" Song Yu said to him: "I heard from my master: Zhiju came to the nest. Read more∨
King Xiang of Chu was visiting the palace in Lantai, and Song Yujing sent an attendant there. , Wang Nai covered his lapel and faced it, saying: "How wonderful is this wind! Is it evil for a few people to have sex with common people? Song Yu said to him: "This is the king's wind ear, and the common people can easily kill it!" "
The king said: "The wind is the energy of heaven and earth that flows freely and adds to it regardless of high or low. How can I say that today I only think of myself as a humble person? Song Yu said to him: "I heard from my master: Zhiju comes to the nest, and the wind comes out of nowhere." If what he entrusts is true, then the atmosphere will be different. "
The king said: "Is my husband finally in peace? Song Yu said to him: "Fu Feng was born in the earth and started at the end of Qing Ping." They invade the valleys and are angry at the mouth of the earth bag. On the edge of Taishan Mountain, I dance under the pines and cypresses, floating in the waves, arousing the excitement and anger. The rumble of thunder returns to the wrong acupoint. Breaking down rocks and cutting down trees will kill the forest. When it is about to decline, it will be separated by beauty, punched and moved, its beauty will be shining, and it will be scattered and transferred. Therefore, its cool and majestic wind will lift it up and down. Take a ride on the high city and enter the deep palace. Arriving at the Chinese leaves and invigorating the air, wandering among the cinnamon peppers, soaring over the turbulent water. Will attack the essence of hibiscus. Hunting for wild grass, leaving Qinheng, approaching Xinyi, being covered with catkins and poplars, returning to the cave to rush to the mausoleum, and the fragrance of the people is depressed. Then wander around the atrium, go north to the Jade Hall, climb among the curtains, and pass through the bridal chamber, feeling like a great king. Therefore, the shape of a person in the wind is straight and miserable, and the coolness increases the temper. It is clear and clear, calms the body, heals the disease, restores the eyes and ears, calms the body and relieves pain. This is the so-called majesty of a great king.
"Selected poems and poems, writing about worries about the country and the people. View more of Song Yu's poems >>