Zheng Xie
Bamboo is not relaxed at all, its roots are firmly embedded in the cracks in the rocks.
After thousands of tortures and blows, it is still strong, whether it is the southeast wind or the northwest wind in winter, it can bear it and will still be tough and straight.
[Notes]
1, bamboo stone is an inscription.
2, biting: metaphor has a solid foundation and likes to bite people and not let go.
3, grinding: torture. Perseverance: firm and strong.
4. er: that. It means: the wind in the southeast and northwest blows fiercely, but it can't be blown down.
[explanation]
This is a poem with profound implications. The first two sentences say that bamboo is rooted in broken rocks and has a solid foundation. The second sentence says that no matter how the wind blows from all directions, the bamboo stone is still strong. While praising Zhu Shi's firm and tenacious spirit, the author also implies the strength of his own character. "Endure all kinds of hardships, stay strong, and let the east, west, north and south prevail" is often used to describe revolutionaries' firm stance in struggle and unshakable character when the enemy attacks.
[Introduction to the author]
Zheng Xie (Yin Xie) (1693- 1765), born in Xinghua (now Xinghua County, Jiangsu Province), was a famous painter and calligrapher in Qing Dynasty.
[translation]
Bamboo sticks firmly to the green hills and is deeply rooted in the broken rocks. After all the hardships, it is still so tough and straight; East wind and west wind can't blow it down and make it yield.
[Appreciation]
Zheng Banqiao's Bamboo Stone was written in line with the artistic conception of this painting. The first two sentences are obviously about bamboo roots. The word "determined" is vivid, profound and powerful, presenting the indomitable character of bamboo to readers. Then, an accurate and vivid description of the growth position of the word "broken" shows the sinister and harsh living environment of bamboo. After reading these two sentences, I am already in awe of the "bamboo" that is so difficult to survive. The third and fourth songs, which have been going on, show the spirit, style and vigorous vitality of bamboo in very plain language. After "tempering", the hard-boned bamboo stands tall in the strong winds around it. It is not difficult to imagine that the plane static bamboo and stone figure is vivid, three-dimensional and full of vitality against the background of this poem.
The combination of poetry and painting has indeed formed a unified whole and reached the realm of "painting in poetry and poetry in painting", which is thought-provoking. It should be said that this poem is a self-portrait of the poet. Reading this poem, a poet who does not yield to the harsh environment, is not intimidated by difficulties and hardships, is aggressive, resolute and upright, and stands in front of readers like a "bamboo". Encourage people to establish a firm stand of "sticking to the castle peak" and "taking root in the rock" for a better today.
The poem Bamboo Stone can reflect his character. The author is chanting bamboo stones, but it is not a general description of bamboo stones in nature, but contains the author's profound thoughts and feelings. This is why I like this poem.
In the poem, verbs such as "stand firm" and "stand firm" are used to personify carnation, which shows the firmness of carnation, depicts the harsh environment in which carnation lives and conveys its indomitable spirit. The third sentence and the fourth sentence further write that it never fears, remains indomitable and thrives in the face of strong winds and countless other hardships. The whole poem is fresh and smooth, with sincere feelings and popular but profound language. The author compares things to people, writes about bamboo, but praises people. Therefore, it can be said that poetry has created an indomitable and indomitable glorious image by praising bamboo and stone.
This glorious image is precisely the poet himself. The character Dianthus symbolizes the author's upright and upright character, and he will never bow to any evil forces. The author uses "bamboo" to express his ambition and Dianthus to express his indomitable and optimistic attitude towards life.
Translation and appreciation of bamboo and stone II. case study
"Bamboo Stone" is an ancient poem in the exercise of the first volume of the third grade Chinese in Jiangsu Education Publishing House, which requires "reading". The students are very interested in this poem and read it with relish.
Teacher: Do you know who wrote this poem?
Health: Yes, it's written at the back of the poem. His name is Zheng Xie.
Teacher: (writing on the blackboard: Xie) Did he pronounce this word correctly?
Health: We haven't learned this word.
Teacher: Yes, you haven't learned this word: but you have a way to pronounce it accurately.
Health: Yes.
Student: Use radical search method.
Teacher: That's a good idea. There are countless words in our motherland. If you only rely on teachers to teach, your generation will never finish learning. If you meet words you don't know, you can.
The students took out their dictionaries one after another, looked up the word "Xie" and read "Xiè". They read "Zheng Xie" loudly, and their faces were filled with the joy of success.
After a while, all the students recited the poem fluently. People can recite the poem Bamboo Stone, but students don't like it. They still have many questions about Zheng Xie.
Health: What kind of person is he?
Teacher: After reading this poem, can you guess what kind of person Zheng Xie is?
Health: He is a poet.
Health: From the poem, I found that Zheng Xie likes bamboo very much.
Health: He must be as fearless as bamboo.
Teacher: Poets often express their aspirations by things. You can think of the poet himself from the bamboo in the poem, better than others.
Teacher: Zheng Xie is Zheng Banqiao. His poems are well written, but his paintings are better than poems. Guess what is Zheng Xie's best and favorite painting?
Health: Bamboo, definitely bamboo.
Teacher: You are so clever. You can easily guess.
Health: There is a TV series with his story, but I forgot it. I want to know more about his story.
Teacher: The teacher also wants to know more stories about Zheng Xie. How can he collect information about Zheng Xie?
Health: Go and read a book about him.
Health: You can search online.
Health: My grandfather knows many stories about the ancients. I can ask him.
Teacher: There are so many methods, and teachers should also collect them. Let's communicate together next Wednesday, ok?
A week later, in class, they spoke freely, telling stories of "having answers" and "being rarely confused", telling stories of Zheng Banqiao's fear of powerful people, reciting Zheng Xie's poems and bringing Zheng Xie's paintings (of course, this is a printed matter). I am moved by the children's high enthusiasm for learning and have to admire their learning ability.
Second, interpretation
Knowledge is endless, and what we learn is always just a drop in the ocean. From this perspective, it is every teacher's unshirkable responsibility to make students interested, confident and capable of acquiring more knowledge by themselves. Analyzing the above cases, we can easily see that students' learning attitude is becoming more and more positive and their learning confidence is getting stronger and stronger. This is because teachers break the shackles of class hours and textbooks, expand the learning space, integrate and utilize favorable factors, and promote students' active development.
(1) Make clever use of teaching resources to make students want to learn.
The new curriculum tells us that teaching materials are not only the only curriculum resources, but also their functions are relatively declining. Chinese learning materials are not only textbooks, but also the expansion and extension of teaching materials, which can come from the intake of other learning resources inside and outside the class. When students are interested in Zheng Xie in class, teachers seize this problem in time and skillfully expand it, enriching teaching resources and making students want to learn: Although "What kind of person is Zheng Xie" is not the teaching content of this class, it can satisfy students' curiosity and thirst for knowledge, and fully stimulate students' initiative and enterprising spirit, so it is an effective educational resource. Teachers must treat it positively and grasp it in time.
In our daily teaching, we will encounter some unexpected events, such as sparrows flying into the classroom and students watching in droves; For example, when preparing for writing, students are excited by snowflakes outside the window; For example, students began to be interested in minerals in the "Stone Book" class ... At first glance, these events are unfavorable factors and unexpected, which have nothing to do with the teaching objectives of this course, but they are also teaching resources. Because it is what students want to know, as long as teachers make good use of it, they can promote the sustainable development of students.
Classroom teaching should make students have a strong desire to learn.
(B) pay attention to learning emotions, so that students can enjoy learning.
Paying attention to people is the core idea of the new curriculum. Teachers should pay attention to students' emotions in classroom teaching. Are the students in your class happy or sad? Is it positive or negative? Teachers should integrate personal life experiences, feelings and love for students into the classroom, constantly encourage students, and keep them in a positive learning state forever.
Teachers should cultivate students' willingness to learn. Ask the students to read a poem in a case and tell them what kind of person Zheng Xie is. Then talk about what Zheng Xie likes to draw according to the poem. Teachers cultivate students' enthusiasm for learning step by step and carefully, constantly motivate students and keep them in a positive learning state.
Teachers, as the cultivators of students' willingness to learn, must respect students, motivate them at all times, and let them keep a relaxed and happy learning mood forever. The practice of an art teacher is very commendable. When he found a student drawing a square apple, he asked, "Apples are all round. Why did you draw a square? " The student said, "I saw my father put the apple on the table at home." If he is not careful, the apple will roll to the ground and rot. " I think if the apple is square, it won't fall. Hearing this, the teacher encouraged and said, "You are so smart. I wish you an early yen apple. "
Imagine if the teacher thinks the students' ideas are ridiculous, or if they don't treat them in a wooden way indiscriminately, will the students still be willing to learn art?
In addition, teachers should put down their airs and be participants in learning. For example, "The teacher also wants to know more. How can I search for information about Zheng Xie? " "The teacher will also accept it, and we will communicate again next Wednesday." A few simple sentences reflect the democracy and equality of teaching. In this relaxed and harmonious classroom atmosphere, students are cheerful and active.
Classroom teaching should keep students' interest in learning.
(C) inspire learning methods, so that students can learn to learn.
Teaching means not teaching. Teachers can't teach students all the knowledge, but must guide students to master learning methods, learn to collect and learn to use. Of course, in teaching, teachers don't simply teach students teaching methods, but let students learn to find and use their own learning methods through hints and guidance. When students can't pronounce the word "wow" correctly, the teacher doesn't simply tell them, but uses the knowledge of "radical search" to guide them to solve it. In the above cases, teachers are cultivating students' learning ability and letting them learn. For example, "Can you guess what kind of person Zheng Xie is after reading the poem?" "Poets often use things to express their wishes." "How to search for information about Zheng Xie?"
Learning focuses on mastering knowledge to improve the ability to solve current problems; Learning, it is important to master methods and actively explore knowledge. Today, in the era of knowledge economy, the knowledge gained by students in school is far from enough for social use. Only by letting students learn can they constantly update their knowledge and keep up with the times.
Classroom teaching should enable students to have the ability of autonomous learning.
If the children's learning stage is compared to a long runway, then every class is a starting line, reminding and inspiring students to move forward forever and take every practical step. Teachers, like their coaches, teach them methods, cultivate their will and encourage them not to stop, but they can never accompany them to the whole race.