When writing essays, you will always have this question: What does it mean to be "literary"? How to make your composition "literary"? ? 1. Turn abstraction into image? Please compare the following two sentences: 1. After the busy work, the girl began to feel homesick. ? 2. After a busy day of work, the girl likes to climb up to the top floor alone, face the direction of home, and read the flying geese and the sunset. (Yan Wenjing's "Missing Person")? Although the two sentences both express "the girl is homesick", the first sentence is just a general explanation, "homesickness" is abstract and vague, and the latter sentence is through the girl "a The image of "people climb up to the top floor, face the direction of home, and read the formation of wild geese and the setting sun." It contains the lingering longing, the loneliness and desolation of sentimental separation, and it can easily remind people of "Where can the hometown books reach the edge of Luoyang?" "It only takes a few dusk to give up a lifetime of languor" and other poems, so they leave a particularly deep impression on people. ? Another example, when a classmate was writing about the artistic effect of violin playing, he said that "the sound of the violin attracted many passers-by to stop and listen." This sentence does not describe the content of the violin performance and the beauty of the melody, nor does it describe the intoxication of the audience. It does not reflect the artistic effect of the violin performance, and appears boring and lacks the proper artistic beauty. You might as well rewrite it as: "The beautiful "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai" Violin Concerto floated gently out of the window of the small building, passed through the drizzle, and scattered on the forest path. Many pedestrians couldn't help but slow down. , I was fascinated by it."? 2. Turn static into dynamic? Lessing said in "Laoco?n" that dynamic beauty is a fleeting but never-tiring beauty, which can produce more than ordinary beauty. Strong effect. Because of this, for those static things, we must be good at "turning static into movement" to make them full of vitality and vitality. For example, Kong Fu's "Scene in front of a Buddha in Longquan Cave, Qianfo Mountain" describes the Buddha statue and green moss like this: He smiled when he saw the moss crawling up to his toes, he smiled when he heard the moss jumping up to his knees, he smiled, Let the moss invade the Buddha's head...? The Buddha is originally static, even the growing moss is still at the moment we see it. However, the author uses verbs such as "smile, look, listen", "climb, jump, invade" to make it The Buddha and the green moss became dynamic, as if they were alive. Landscapes and scenic spots are mostly still objects. If they are still, they have no power, and if they have no power, they cannot move people. Therefore, we must be good at making still things move and making inanimate things come alive. 3. Painting is vivid and vivid. The so-called "painting is vivid and vivid" is to describe the sounds of nature, the shapes and colors of objects in detail, so that people can have an immersive feeling. Dostoyevsky gave an example. He said, "A small silver dollar fell on the ground." This sentence is not good enough. It should be written as "A small silver dollar rolled down from the table and clinked on the ground." Jumping" (quoted from Qin Mu's "Yu Lin Caiying"). In this way, it will be lively and colorful. 4. Humor, playful and lively? If the expression is too serious, it will inevitably give people a sense of heaviness and depression. A little humor and some witty words can make the article vivid, lively and interesting. Please read the closing part of the college entrance examination full score essay "Changing with the Times": We don't have to follow the trend, we can be ourselves; we don't need to blindly imitate others, we can do more "advanced" things. ? Change yourself so that you have noble character, instead of just being "busy". ? Change yourself so that you have a patriotic sentiment instead of "loving rice." ? Change yourself so that you have excellent self-cultivation, instead of just looking at comedy and romance. ? Change yourself so that you have qualities that stand out from the crowd. Nowadays, personality is also a trend. Characteristics like this are undoubtedly the most "in". ? Everything around us is having an impact on our growth, and they are often negative or even decadent. They really have "no technical content at all." But as long as we change ourselves, we can still have extraordinary temperament. Otherwise, "the consequences will be serious." ? The author skillfully uses the writing style of essays, writing in a solemn and humorous way, with ease and ease, which gives the article a special sentiment and makes people laugh when reading it. 5. Make good use of rhetorical techniques? According to the needs of expression, the appropriate use of metaphors, personification, metonymy, hyperbole, parallelism, parallelism, questioning, rhetorical questions and other rhetorical techniques can effectively enhance the expression effect of the article. Please look at a few examples:? 1. Spiders also cherish the spring and return home, trapping Can Hong in their webs and not letting them fly. ? Use "broken red" to replace fallen flowers, which is vivid and vivid; use personification to vividly express the feeling of cherishing spring. ? 2. The water is clear and the fish read the moon; the mountains are quiet and the birds chat about the sky. ? The use of antithesis has the beauty of music; the use of personification not only shows the beauty and tranquility of the environment, but also renders a rich and bookish atmosphere that makes people feel relaxed and happy. ? 3. Those eyes are like autumn water, like cold stars, like pearls, like white mercury with two pills of black mercury inside... (Liu E's "Lao Can's Travels")? Use a metaphor to describe Bai Niu's eyes: "Autumn water" shows its clarity and purity , "Hanxing" sees its crystal clear and bright, "Baozhu" sees its round luster, and "Mercury" sees its clear black and white, vivid water. These eyes are really expressive and beautiful. ? 4. Listening to birds in spring, cicadas in summer, insects in autumn, and snow in winter; listening to the sound of chess during the day, the sound of flutes under the moon, the sound of pines in the mountains, and the sound of ejaculation by the water are all worthwhile. (Zhang Chao's "Youmengying") Using parallelism to list a series of pleasant sounds, it makes people think about it and make their hearts sway. ?5. Reading in a young age is like gazing at the moon through a gap; reading in middle age is like looking at the moon in a courtyard; reading in old age is like playing with the moon on the stage.
All are based on the shallowness and depth of experience, and the shallowness and depth of what they have gained. (Same as above)? Appreciating the moon is used as a metaphor for reading, expressing the principles related to reading and experience, and explaining it in a simple and profound way. ? 6. There are too few flowers in this place, and the colors are all taken up by women; there are too few stones, and all the strength is taken up by men; the land is too poor, and all the content is taken up by jujubes; the trees are too thin, and all the plumpness is taken up. Occupied by mutton. (Jia Pingwa's "The City of Yanchuan")? Use contrasting techniques to highlight the characteristics of Yanchuan with few flowers and stones, barren land, skinny trees, beautiful women, strong men, and fat jujubes. The language is novel and unforgettable. . ? 7. Graphite is black, common, and cheap; while diamond is sparkling, extremely hard, and priceless. Comparing the two, they are like a fish and a dragon, like a caterpillar and a colorful butterfly, like a sparrow and a phoenix, like a toad on the ground and a white swan in the sky... [("Accepting Pressure")? A sharp contrast and a vivid metaphor. , not only highlights the huge difference between graphite and diamond, but also gives people aesthetic enjoyment. ? 8. The white, fluffy, soft marshmallows trembled in the wind, as if a white cloud was about to fly away from my hand. I quickly put them closer to my arms and gathered them together. As soon as I ran away, the marshmallows seemed to fly away again, so I quickly balled them up and squeezed them... (Wang Ke's "Sweet Memories")? The metaphor of "white clouds" is vivid, appropriate, and truly fascinating. 6. Pay attention to the changes in sentence patterns. If whole sentences and loose sentences, long sentences and short sentences are used flexibly and alternately, the language will be varied and produce a special sense of beauty. For example, there is a passage in the 2006 Zhejiang paper's full-mark essay "Have a breath and move on": Some people have conquered the peak, and then raised their eyes to look at the more steep cliffs; found the soul treasure, and jumped into another strange adventure; After passing the Plum Garden, I only thought about going straight to the border to defend the country and kill the enemy. ? Such people are not stubborn, but persistent. They hit the limits of life in running around, experience the joy of life in conquering, and realize their ultimate meaning in "restlessness"... The greatest warriors all long for They died on the battlefield, facing the eternal rest brought by death, they smiled brightly and died well. ? Some people, riding a small boat like a leaf, are overwhelmed by the confusion of all things, but they don’t want to reach any other shore. They just wander around contentedly, listening to the wind and drinking dew. They hold candles and travel at night, visiting immortals and ghosts. They just lament that the years are passing by, but the scenery is infinite and cannot be fully appreciated. Such people are not indulgent and decadent, but free and easy. They appreciate the details of life while roaming, commemorate the passing of time while stopping to contemplate, and sing the wonders of nature in sincere poems... Taoists who ascend to immortality, regardless of In this mortal world, one can only obtain the perfection of personality and the rest of life through meditation practice. ? These paragraphs are elegant in style, rich in words, and use many idioms and allusions. From the perspective of sentence structure, they focus on whole sentences, and also use prose structure. They pay attention to integration, symmetry and echo, forming a kind of integration. ? The beauty of union. 7. Quoting and paraphrasing famous sentences? Students who have a wide range of reading, broad knowledge and rich cultural heritage may wish to quote and paraphrase famous aphorisms to fully demonstrate their talents as long as they are in line with the meaning of the question. For example, the article "The full moon is painting, the missing moon is poetry" in the 2006 Fujian volume reads: Mr. Qiu Yu once said that grandeur fades in an instant, and bustle is another name for short life. In the glorious days, life is cast with a charming mark. At this moment, the so-called blank space in life may be an indifferent state of mind where flowers bloom and fall. A wise man said: The saint is the one who ordinary people can be at ease with. Sometimes, life needs to be hidden and the soul needs to be hidden. In Zingju, preparing for the future is building up momentum. After storing water, open the box and release the water, so that the earth can be irrigated. ? Leave a little space for life, I thought quietly. Eternity is a calm state of mind, saying goodbye to the busy life and taking it lightly. The taste of life is nothing more than poetry, wine, philosophy and love. In the blank gaps, I recite useless poems, get drunk on useless wine, read useless books, and feel useless feelings. I finally become a useless person, but my life becomes a little more colorful. Like a hermit, drinking wine after dusk, watching the sun move from east to west, quietly watching the wind and clouds, dwelling poetically. In my heart, only by living a simple life can I live freely, like a blank seal imprinting a leisurely sentiment on life; only with leisure can I feel that I am the master of life. ? I remember Heidegger once said that life is full of achievements, but it still lives in this land poetically. I want to thank Heidegger, this spiritual explorer, for leaving a blank space in my heart. When I am upset, I can think calmly and recite the sentence "If there is a gap between heaven and earth in life, it will happen all of a sudden"; let me steal half a day of leisure in my busy life and appreciate a paragraph of "He was near the toad palace in his youth". Guest, the resurrected love is not by the plum blossoms but by the willows." For example, Mr. Wu Liu, "I wish I could go there alone, or plant a stick and cultivate seeds"; such as Mr. Dongpo, "recite poems about the bright moon and sing graceful chapters"; such as Thoreau guarding Walden Pond, or looking at beggars from a distance. Hemingway from the Snow of Manjaro... They are all poets, living poetically in their own blank world.
? This candidate quoted from many sources: from Yu Qiuyu's famous sayings to Heidegger's spirit; from Lu Xun's poem "Mourning Yang Quan" to Zhuangzi's quotations; from Du Liniang's chant in "The Peony Pavilion" to the Five Mr. Liu's ideal outlook, and then Mr. Dongpo's "Singing on the Red Cliff"; from Thoreau guarding Walden Pond, to Hemingway looking at the snow of Kilimanjaro... The breadth of his vision, the abundance of materials, and the density of information , The exquisite language is amazing. ? In short, high school students should eliminate the idea that "literary" language is unattainable, read more "literary" exquisite contemporary articles and college entrance examination masterpieces with distinctive language, establish language goals that suit their actual situation, master the methods, and train seriously. In this way, you can make your articles shine with bright colors in a short period of time.