There are many heroes like China who care about history. Here are some examples:
One: Yue Fei (1103-1142) was born in Tangyin, Xiangzhou, Northern Song Dynasty (now tangyin county, Henan Province). As a teenager, he was subjected to a large-scale looting war by the Golden Nuzhen nobles. He witnessed the tragic historical facts before and after the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, shared the same breath with the people in the occupied areas of the Central Plains at that time, and had a strong desire and demand to resolutely resist the oppression of the Jurchen nobles, recover their homeland and unify the motherland.
At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, people of Han, Qidan, Bohai, Xi and other ethnic groups who were deeply oppressed by ethnic groups spontaneously organized to resist.
Since the 1920s, a vigorous national war against gold has been launched in the north and south of the Yellow River and Huaihe River. Yue Fei and the famous anti-gold warriors Zong Ze and Han Shizhong stood in the forefront of the anti-gold struggle. However, the corrupt ruling group in the Northern Song Dynasty adopted the policy of compromise and surrender. 1 127 (the second year of Jingkang), Zhao Gou, the leader of the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty, was also a capitulator after the exile of Qin Zong. He settled in Jiangnan and indulged in singing and dancing. He didn't really organize the national war against gold and carry it through to the end. The difference is that he trusted Qin Gui and other capitulationists and conducted a series of negotiations and surrenders through them. On the one hand, Zong Ze, Yue Fei, Han Shizhong and other anti-Japanese factions were used to resist the fierce offensive of 8 Jin J, so as to keep his throne as emperor and accumulate the capital to kneel down and make peace. In the mid-1920s, after the formation of the military demarcation line between the Song and Jin Dynasties, which started from Jianghuai in the east and ended in Shaanxi in the west, the ruling clique of Zhao Gou and Qin Gui actually became the biggest stumbling block in the anti-Jin struggle in the Southern Song Dynasty. On the other hand, Yue Fei, Han Shizhong and other anti-Japanese factions have become the biggest obstacle to the activities of capitulationists in Zhao Gou and Qin Gui. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the struggle between the anti-Japanese faction and the capitulators became increasingly fierce.
Yue Fei resolutely opposed the peace talks, advocated the war of resistance to the end, and fought resolutely against the surrender activities of Zhao Gou and Qin Gui at the expense of personal honor and disgrace. 1 139 (the ninth year of Shaoxing), Yue Fei heard in Ezhou (now Wuchang, Hubei Province) that the Song-Jin peace talks were about to be reached, and immediately wrote to express his opposition, claiming that "the Jin people could not be trusted and reconciliation could not be relied on", and directly attacked Qin Gui, the "prime minister", for his ill-intentioned surrender activities, which made Qin Gui take the title (including regret). After the peace talks were reached, Zhao Gou got carried away, issued an amnesty and rewarded the minister of civil and military affairs. However, the imperial edict was issued three times, but Yue Fei refused it, without the reward of the third division of Kaifuyi (first-class official title) and the award of 3,500 food cities. In his polite refusal, he bitterly expressed his opposition to the peace talks: "Today's affairs can be dangerous, but you can't be congratulated. "He once again expressed his determination to recover the Central Plains." I would like to win a great victory, recover the land of the two rivers in the future, avenge my past and serve the country. "This is tantamount to pouring cold water on Song Gaozong's oath, thus making Zhao Gou and Qin Gui bear a grudge." However, regardless of personal gains and losses, Yue Fei insisted on the position of the war of resistance to the end, led the army, contacted the northern rebels, carried out the war of resistance against gold effectively, planned to recover the Central Plains and unify the motherland, and became a powerful pillar in the national war of resistance against gold.
11in the summer of 39 (the ninth year of Shaoxing), Jin Wushu tore up the Shaoxing peace talks, and their lair; Launch a large-scale war against Song again. Under the situation that the East and West armies won the victory over Sister Jin, Yue Fei marched from the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and launched an unstoppable counterattack. "Now it's time for him to show his ambition to recover the Central Plains.
After Yue Jiajun entered the Central Plains, he was warmly welcomed by the people of the Central Plains and loyal militia. In July of this year, Yue Fei personally led a Qingqi to Yancheng, Henan Province, and launched a fierce battle with the 15,000 fine riders of Jinwu. Yue Fei led the troops to attack the enemy lines, greatly breaking Jin Wu's "Iron Floating Map" (guards and soldiers) and "Kidnapping Horse" (cavalry flanked from left to right) and crushing Jin Wu. Yue Fei led Yang Zaixing behind enemy lines, trying to capture Jin Wushu alive, but failed to find him. He killed hundreds of enemies with his bare hands and was wounded in dozens of places, so he was brave. Yue Jiajun's soldiers have a fighting style of "saving their lives", and the overwhelming efforts of the enemy can't shake Yue Jiajun's lineup. After the victory in Yancheng, Yue Fei marched into Zhuxian Town (only forty-five miles away from Jin Jun's base camp Bianjing), and Jin Wushu rallied 100,000 troops to resist, and was beaten out of the water by Yue Fei. Yue Fei's northern expedition to the Central Plains recovered Yingchang, Cai Zhou, Chen Zhou, Zhengzhou, Yancheng and Zhuxian towns in one breath, and wiped out the effective strength of 8 Jin J.. 8 Jin Jun's morale was shaken, and Jin Wushu was ready to flee Kaifeng overnight. The struggle against gold in the Southern Song Dynasty took a fundamental turn, took another step forward, and fell into the Central Plains for more than ten years. It is expected to be recovered. Yue Fei excitedly said to the generals, "Go directly to Huanglongfu for a drink!" (Break the wine to celebrate) "and Jin Jun issued a sigh that" it is easy to shake the mountain, but it is difficult to shake the Yue family ". "
However, Yue Jiajun, who was hard to shake by foreign enemies, was devastated by the capitulators in the Southern Song Dynasty. At the moment of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's brilliant victory, the emperor, who was willing to be the son of the emperor, was worried that once the Central Plains was recovered and the Jin people were put back to his brother Qinzong, he would lose the throne and was eager to make peace with Jin. The Jin people planted it in the Southern Song Dynasty, stole Qin Jian, a senior spy of the Prime Minister, and seized the unspeakable heart of Emperor Gaozong to engage in wanton activities and undermine Yue Fei's war of resistance. They colluded with each other and plotted to draw up a bad plan to withdraw troops across the board, which ruined the excellent situation of resisting gold. First, they ordered the east-west line to retreat, which caused the unfavorable situation of Yuegujun fighting alone. That is, in the name of "can't be alone for a long time", he won 12 gold (red lacquer gold) and let Yue Fei "deal with the team". Under the unfavorable situation of "training the teacher" and "losing the teacher" in the end, Yue Fei knew that this was the chaotic life of the powerful minister; However, in order to preserve the strength of resisting gold, we had to bear the pain of moving troops. Yue Fei said indignantly; "Ten years of hard work, wasted in one time! All counties will be closed once and for all! Society is hard to revive! Gankun World, there is no reason to reply! " The heroic struggle between Yue Fei and Jin was interrupted. When Yue Jiajun dispatched troops, he missed his brother in the Central Plains in Beiding, Julian Waghann for a long time and stopped crying. In order to protect people's lives and property, Yue Fei deliberately threatened to cross the river tomorrow, scaring Jin Wushu to abandon the north overnight and prepare to cross the Yellow River in the north, so that Yue Fei could calmly organize a large number of Yu troops to go south to Han Xiang and then withdraw from the Central Plains. At this time, a shameless scholar caught up with Jin Wushu on horseback, detained his horse, and advised: "The prince (Wu Shu) does not leave, the capital can be guarded, and Yue Shao can retreat!" ..... Since ancient times, there have been no powerful ministers, but generals can make contributions to outsiders. "The whole army of Jin Wushu returned to Kaifeng and regained the land of the Central Plains as easy as blowing off dust.
As soon as Yue Fei returned to Lin 'an, he fell into the trap of Qin Gui, Zhang Jun and others. 1 14 1 year (the 11th year of Shaoxing), was falsely accused of "rebellion" and put into Dali Temple in Lin 'an (near Xiaoqiao Bridge in Hangzhou). Supervise the suggestion that Wan Hou * (end of sound) personally interrogate and torture Yue Fei. At the same time, the Song and Jin governments are stepping up planning for the second peace talks. Both sides regard the anti-Japanese faction as a thorn in the side, and Jin Wushu even wrote to Qin Gui fiercely: "Yue Fei must be killed to achieve peace." Under the attack of two evil forces inside and outside, Yue Fei was upright, aboveboard and loyal to his country. From him, Qin Gui and his gang couldn't find any evidence of "rebellion against the imperial court", but Yue Fei was killed in Dali Temple in Lin 'an on Lunar New Year's Eve in the eleventh year of Shaoxing, at the age of 39. Yue Fei also beheaded Zhang Xi 'an and his son Yue Yun at the city gate. Yue Fei's father and son and Zhang Xian died at the hands of a treacherous court official and a bad king, which aroused the strong anger of the anti-Jin army and the common people. Han Shizhong questioned Qin Gui face to face, and Qin Gui faltered and said, "It is unnecessary (maybe)." Han Shizhong retorted on the spot: How can the word "unwarranted" prevail in the world? "Yue Fei, a national hero, died unjustly under the charge of" unwarranted ". Before he died, he wrote eight words on the confession, "Every day, every day." This is a cry of grief and indignation!
Although Yue Fei was killed, his loyalty to the country is indelible. It was he who expressed the demands of the oppressed nation, adhered to the lofty national integrity, persisted in the just struggle against the Jin Dynasty under the crisis, knew how to care about the people's anti-Jin forces, and saved half of the Southern Song Dynasty by uniting with the anti-Jin military and civilians, so that the people of South China were spared the ravages of the rulers of the Jin Dynasty, thus preserving the highly developed feudal economy and culture of China and enabling it to continue to develop. Yue Fei deserves to be an outstanding national hero in the history of our country.
After Yue Fei was killed, Lin 'an righteous man obeyed, died in the city, and was hastily buried next to Jiuqu Congci. In order to facilitate identification in the future, Kun Shun tied the Yuhuan worn by Yue Fei to the waist of the body and planted two orange trees in front of the grave. During the light year of Qing Dynasty (1821-1850), the original Yue tomb was finally found next to the red paper dyeing house in Xiabanlong Lane, Zhongluoshan, Hangzhou, because the tomb of Xiayuefei Temple was rebuilt and the original burial place of Yuefei was found. 1876 (the second year of Guangxu), the "Zhongxian Temple" was built here, and Hangzhou people called it "Laoyue Temple".
Twenty years after Yue Fei's death, that is, in June of 1 162 (in May of the thirty-second year of Shaoxing), Zhao * succeeded to the throne. In July, he ordered Yue Fei to be rehabilitated and "restored to his official position", and bought Yue Fei's body at a high price in 500 yuan for a "ritual reburial".
During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the people along the southeast coast of China waged a vigorous anti-Japanese struggle. The famous anti-Japanese soldier and strategist Qi Jiguang commanded this struggle.
Qi Jiguang is from Laiwu, Shandong. June 1528+065438+ 10/2 was born in Jiangmen. Determined to join the army from an early age, I loved the army and dabbled in martial arts. /kloc-in 0/553, he was sent to Shandong to shoulder the heavy responsibility of preventing Japanese pirates from invading from the sea, and then transferred to Zhejiang to guard Ningbo, Shaoxing and Taizhou. After arriving in Zhejiang, he actively organized a new army and conducted strict training. He won great victories in Cixi and Taizhou and wiped out the Japanese invaders who invaded Zhejiang. Later, the Japanese aggressors harassed the coastal areas of Fujian, and Qi Jiguang led troops to the anti-Japanese front lines in Fujian and Guangdong. He led the army into the enemy's camp and took advantage of the enemy's unprepared to destroy all the enemies. From 1562 to 1566, Qi Jiguang and Yu led the army to wipe out the enemies in the coastal areas of Fujian and Guangdong. 1567, Qi Jiguang was transferred to the north to train border soldiers because the southern Tatar invaded the north, which lasted for 16 years, which not only calmed the border areas, but also ensured the safety of the capital Beijing.
Two: Qi Jiguang
Qi Jiguang is not only a patriotic star with outstanding achievements, but also an outstanding weapon manufacturing expert. He made many military inventions in his life, one of which was mines. As early as forty-two years in Jiajing, Qi Jiguang invented a kind of wooden hair? FDDC？ "Firearms wounded hundreds of Japanese pirates. But this is still a weapon on the ground. Burying mines was invented by Qi Jiguang at the age of 53, and it is called "homemade steel wheel fire". In April of the eighth year of Wanli, Qi Jiguang guarded Jizhou, Yongping, Shanhai and other places for the company commander. He is already a guard with more than 10 soldiers in his own town, but he still studies and improves weapons himself. Chronicle of Qi Shaobao (volume 12) records that in order to prevent the invasion of Tatars and Duoyan, Qi Jiguang chose a flat and wide gathering place under the wall along the border, dug up the ground and buried stone cannons in it. There is a wooden box in the middle, and the letters of each gun are always in the box. The bottom of the box is covered with gunpowder. Hidden steel wheel, with flint beside it, lying on the ground. The horse sneaks its machine, the steel wheel rotates, the fire comes out of the box, and the gun is used simultaneously to know what it is. " Ming people call this new type of killing weapon "homemade steel wheel fire", which is buried underground and will automatically explode as soon as the enemy steps on it, without artificial lighting. This is the earliest mine in the world. Qi Jiguang invented landmines in 1580, about 300 years before Europeans invented landmines.
Qi Jiguang spent more than 30 years in his life on the battlefield, and one third of his time on the battlefield against Japan. The famous anti-Japanese soldier who fought in the south and fought in the north was excluded in his later years. 1582, after the death of Zhang, a cabinet official who advocated reform, people who opposed reform in the imperial court began to become active. They slandered Qi Jiguang as Zhang's accomplice, spreading rumors and slanders everywhere. At this time, the northern border defense has been decided, and the Ming court transferred Qi Jiguang to Guangdong to guard it, which was actually abandoned. After years of fatigue and depression, Qi Jiguang suffered from lung disease. 1585, his old illness recurred and he was allowed to return to his hometown to recuperate. 1587 65438+ died in the early morning of1October 25th.
Third: Zheng Chenggong
Zheng Chenggong was a strategist and national hero in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. The first name is Sen, also known as Fu Song, the word Yan Ming, and the name is Damu. Fujian Nan 'an people. Tomorrow July 14 (1August 27, 624) was born in Hirado, Japan. His father Zheng Zhilong is the company commander in Fujian, and his mother Tian is Japanese. In the third year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1630), he returned from Japan. Less writing and practicing martial arts, and gradually learned the art of war. Nanming hongguang guangjian characters. In the first year of Longwu in Nanming Dynasty (the second year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty 1645), the long emperor Zhu relied heavily on him and named him Zhu. He successfully changed his name and was appointed commander-in-chief of the Central Army in the Royal Camp, so-called "the surname of the country". Later, he offered anti-Qing policy to Emperor Longwu, which won deep appreciation. The following year, he repeatedly prevented his father from the Qing court, so he broke up with his father and led his men to Nan 'ao Island (now the border area between Fujian and Guangdong) to recruit thousands of soldiers. He still took longwu as the title of anti-Qing, and recruited generals himself, taking Jinmen and Xiamen in Fujian as anti-Qing bases. Establish a martial arts field and a martial arts pool in Xiamen, and use the combat gap for training. In the second year of Li Yong in the Southern Ming Dynasty (the fifth year of Shunzhi, 1648), the Qing army was defeated in Tongan, Quanzhou and other places in Fujian, and its ranks continued to grow. The following year, the dispatching department renamed Kezhangpu and Zhaoan in Assistant Minister as Nanming Li Yong, and was successively named Weiyuan Hou and Yanping Gong by Li Yong Emperor Zhu Youlang. During the five to six years, Li Yong fought against the Qing army many times along the coast of Fujian, and successively won the battles of Xiaoyingling, Haicheng (now Longhai) and Jiangdong Bridge, and wiped out the main force of the Qing army stationed in Fujian, which had a great impact on southern Fujian. The refusal of the Qing court to surrender was not moved by the threat of the Qing court to kill his father and exterminate the nation. Later, Li Yong named him Zhang Gong and Yan Ping Wang successively. Xiamen was changed to Siming House, with six governors, 72 towns of Lushi and 20 towns of Navy. Take advantage of the surrender of the Qing court to step up military preparations. In Houpu, Jinmen, we trained elite soldiers, promulgated the camp law and built the Aozi Martial Arts School in Xiamen. Formulate methods for joint operations in cities and towns and methods for naval operations on water, review drills, be strict with them, and have clear rewards and punishments. Making a written military order and strict military discipline have created a land and water team that can be good at fighting. In eight years, he attacked Zhangzhou, forcing the Qing army to surrender to Liu Guoxuan. The following year, he sent troops to Zhoushan, Wenzhou and Taizhou, Zhejiang Province. Du Ji, the general of Wen Qing Dingyuan, led 30,000 troops to attack Fujian, destroying Zhangzhou, Hui 'an, Nan 'an and Tong 'an in one fell swoop, and withdrawing troops to gather in Xiamen. In April of the following year, taking advantage of the weakness of the Qing army, it was induced to go to sea to fight, and a navy division of the Qing army was annihilated in the waters near Weitou, Xiamen. 12 years, taking advantage of the opportunity of the main force of the Qing army and the Li Dingguo Department of the Great Western Army to fight in the southwest, he led 654.38+ Wan Shuijun and 290 warships to the north. Break Yueqing along the way, take Wenzhou, join forces with Zhang Huangyan, assistant minister of Nanming Ministry of War, and reach Yangshan (now the southeast sea area of Shanghai). When he was hit by a hurricane, he lost his division and was forced to retreat to Zhoushan to rest. In May of the 16th year of Qing Shunzhi, he led the troops into the Yangtze River through Chongming, and defeated the Qing army Gunjianglong (Hengjiang chain), Mufuying (wooden fence with soldiers and guns on the river), Keguazhou, Zhenjiang and Nanjing. He also sent Zhang Huangyan to capture Wuhu (now Anhui), Huizhou (now Shexian), Ningguo, Taiping (now Dangtu) and Chizhou (now Guichi) and other four states, three states and twenty-four counties. Later, he refused to listen to the advice of Zhang Huangyan, Gan Hui and other generals and attacked Nanking urgently. He stayed in Beijing for more than 20 days, waiting for the Qing army to surrender, but the Qing army suddenly counterattacked, losing 14 soldiers and tens of thousands of soldiers, and lost to Xiamen. In the seventeenth year, in haimen port (now Long Haidong), Fujian Province, more than 40,000 sailors led by the Qing general Dasu were completely annihilated, and the military power was revived. /KLOC-In the first month of 0/8, a military meeting was held in Xiamen, which determined that the recovery of Taiwan Province Province was the fundamental place, ordered the renovation of ships, adjusted the deployment, and stepped up preparations for the recovery of Taiwan Province. On March 23, he led the first batch of 25,000 officers and men and hundreds of warships. Led by He Tingbin, a former Dutch translator, and fishermen who are familiar with the route, he set out from Laoluo Bay in Jinmen, crossed the Taiwan Province Strait and arrived in Penghu the next day. At the beginning of April, more than 4,000 people were sent to seize the tail island of the northern line on the south side of Luermen Port (now north of Anping Port in Tainan); Since the rate of more than ten thousand people, crossed the big bay, straight into chibi city (now Tainan City) to the north of Heliao Port, and then landed on the island of Taiwan Province Province. Since then, the inspector has repeatedly smashed the counterattack of the Dutch Governor in Taiwan Province. Assemble 12000 troops to surround Chibi City, cut off the water source, set fire attack equipment around the city, force the commanders to describe the difficulties and lead the people out. The Xuanpai tried their best to persuade Yi Kuang to surrender, but after being rejected, they moved to the city of Taiwan Province Province to intimidate Yi Xian. Thousands of Dutch troops fought back with live ammunition, and Zheng Chenggong changed the siege to a long time.